2. Sūrat al-Baqarah

٢۔ سُورَةُ البَقَرَة

2.8 Parables in the Quran enlighten many and confound the defiantly disobedient.

٢۔٨ مقطع في سُورَةُ البَقَرَة

quran:2:26

Indeed, Allah is not timid to present an example - that of a mosquito or what is smaller than it. And those who have believed know that it is the truth from their Lord. But as for those who disbelieve, they say, "What did Allah intend by this as an example?" He misleads many thereby and guides many thereby. And He misleads not except the defiantly disobedient,  

God is not ashamed to strike, to make, a similitude (mathal: is the first direct object; mā either represents an indefinite noun described by what comes after it and constitutes a second direct object, meaning ‘whatever that similitude may be’; or it ˹the mā˺ is extra to emphasise the vileness ˹involved˺, so that what follows constitutes the second direct object); even of a gnat, (ba‘ūda is the singular of ba‘ūd), that is, small flies; or anything above it, that is, larger than it, so that this explanation is not affected ˹by the size of the creature˺ with regard to the judgement ˹God is making˺; as for the believers, they know it, the similitude, is the truth, established and given in this instance, from their Lord; but as for disbelievers, they say, ‘What did God desire by this for a similitude?’ (mathalan is a specification, meaning, ‘by this similitude’; mā is an interrogative of rejection and is the subject; dhā means alladhī, whose relative clause contains its predicate, in other words, ‘what use is there in it?’). God then responds to them saying: Thereby, that is, by this similitude, He leads many astray, from the truth on account of their disbelieving in it, and thereby He guides many, believers on account of their belief in it; and thereby He leads none astray except the wicked, those that reject obedience to Him.
القرآن:٢:٢٦

إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَسْتَحْيِي أَنْ يَضْرِبَ مَثَلًا مَا بَعُوضَةً فَمَا فَوْقَهَا ۚ فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا فَيَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ الْحَقُّ مِنْ رَبِّهِمْ ۖ وَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا فَيَقُولُونَ مَاذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ بِهَٰذَا مَثَلًا ۘ يُضِلُّ بِهِ كَثِيرًا وَيَهْدِي بِهِ كَثِيرًا ۚ وَمَا يُضِلُّ بِهِ إِلَّا الْفَاسِقِينَ  

{إن الله لا يستحيي أن يضرب} يجعل {مثلا} مفعول أول {ما} نكرة موصوفة بما بعدها مفعول ثان أيَّ مثل كان أو زائدة لتأكيد الخسة فما بعدها المفعول الثاني {بعوضة} مفرد البعوض وهو صغار البق {فما فوقها} أي أكبر منها أي لا يترك بيانه لما فيه من الحكم {فأما الذين آمنوا فيعلمون أنه} أي المثل {الحق} الثابت الواقع موقعه {من ربِّهم وأما الذين كفروا فيقولون ماذا أراد الله بهذا مثلاً} تمييز أي بهذا المثل، وما استفهام إنكار مبتدأ، وذا بمعنى الذي بصلته خبره أي: أيّ فائدة فيه قال الله تعالى في جوابهم {يضل به} أي بهذا المثل {كثيراً} عن الحق لكفرهم به {ويهدي به كثيراً} من المؤمنين لتصديقهم به {وما يضل به إلا الفاسقين} الخارجين عن طاعته.
quran:2:27

Who break the covenant of Allah after contracting it and sever that which Allah has ordered to be joined and cause corruption on earth. It is those who are the losers.  

Those such as, He has described, break the covenant of God, the contract He made with them in the ˹revealed˺ Books to belief in Muhammad (s), after its solemn binding, after it has been confirmed with them, and such as cut what God has commanded should be joined, of belief in the Prophet, of kinship and other matters (an ˹in the phrase an yūsala, ‘that it be joined’˺ substitutes for the pronoun ˹suffixed˺ in bihi ˹of the preceding words mā amara Llāhu bihi, ‘that which God has commanded’˺); and such as do corruption in the land, by way of their transgressing and impeding faith, they, the ones thus described, shall be the losers, since, they shall end up in the Fire, made everlasting for them.
القرآن:٢:٢٧

الَّذِينَ يَنْقُضُونَ عَهْدَ اللَّهِ مِنْ بَعْدِ مِيثَاقِهِ وَيَقْطَعُونَ مَا أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ أَنْ يُوصَلَ وَيُفْسِدُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ ۚ أُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الْخَاسِرُونَ  

{الذين} نعت {ينقضون عهد الله} ما عهده إليهم في الكتب من الإيمان بمحمد * {من بعد ميثاقه} توكيده عليهم {ويقطعون ما أمر الله به أن يوُصل} من الإيمان بالنبي والرحم وغير ذلك وأن بدل من ضمير به {ويفسدون في الأرض} بالمعاصي والتعويق عن الإيمان {أولئك} الموصوفون بما ذكر {هم الخاسرون} لمصيرهم إلى النار المؤبدة عليهم.