2. Sūrat al-Baqarah

٢۔ سُورَةُ البَقَرَة

Qurʾān > Chapter 2 > Section 11
القرآن > كتاب ٢ > باب ١١

2.11 Adam: God gives knowledge to Adam.

٢۔١١ مقطع في سُورَةُ البَقَرَة

quran:2:31 –

And He taught Adam the names - all of them. Then He showed them to the angels and said, "Inform Me of the names of these, if you are truthful."  

And He taught Adam the names, that is, the names of things named, all of them, by placing knowledge of them into his heart; then He presented them, these names, the majority of which concerned intellectual beings, to the angels and said, to them in reproach, ‘Now tell Me, inform Me, the names of these, things named, if you speak truly’, in your claim that I would not create anything more knowledgeable than you, or that you are more deserving of this vicegerency; the response to the conditional sentence is intimated by what precedes it.
القرآن:٢:٣١ –

وَعَلَّمَ آدَمَ الْأَسْمَاءَ كُلَّهَا ثُمَّ عَرَضَهُمْ عَلَى الْمَلَائِكَةِ فَقَالَ أَنْبِئُونِي بِأَسْمَاءِ هَٰؤُلَاءِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِينَ  

{وعلَّم آدم الأسماء} أي أسماء المسميات {كلها} بأن ألقى في قلبه علمها {ثم عرضهم} أي المسميات وفيه تغليب العقلاء {على الملائكة فقال} لهم تبكيتاً {أنبئوني} أخبروني {بأسماء هؤلاء} المسميات {إن كنتم صادقين} في أني لا أخلق أعلم منكم أو أنكم أحق بالخلافة، وجواب الشرط دل عليه ما قبله.
quran:2:32 –

They said, "Exalted are You; we have no knowledge except what You have taught us. Indeed, it is You who is the Knowing, the Wise."  

They said, ‘Glory be to You!, exalting You above that any should object to You, We know not except what You have taught us. Surely You are (innaka anta emphasises the ˹preceding suffixed pronoun˺ kāf) the Knower, Wise’, from whose knowledge and wisdom nothing escapes.
القرآن:٢:٣٢ –

قَالُوا سُبْحَانَكَ لَا عِلْمَ لَنَا إِلَّا مَا عَلَّمْتَنَا ۖ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْعَلِيمُ الْحَكِيمُ  

{قالوا سبحانك} تنزيهاً لك عن الاعتراض عليك {لا علم لنا إلا ما علمَّتنا} إياه {إنَّك أنت} تأكيد للكاف {العليم الحكيم} الذي لا يخرج شيء عن علمه وحكمته.
quran:2:33 –

He said, "O Adam, inform them of their names." And when he had informed them of their names, He said, "Did I not tell you that I know the unseen ˹aspects˺ of the heavens and the earth? And I know what you reveal and what you have concealed."  

He, exalted be He, said, ‘Adam, tell them, the angels, their names’, all of the things named; so, he named each thing by its appellation and mentioned the wisdom behind its creation; And when he had told them their names He, exalted, said, in rebuke, ‘Did I not tell you that I know the Unseen in the heavens and the earth?, what is unseen in them, And I know what you reveal, what you manifested when you said, ‘What, will You appoint therein …’, and what you were hiding, what you were keeping secret when you were saying that God would not create anything more knowledgeable or more noble in His eyes than us.
القرآن:٢:٣٣ –

قَالَ يَا آدَمُ أَنْبِئْهُمْ بِأَسْمَائِهِمْ ۖ فَلَمَّا أَنْبَأَهُمْ بِأَسْمَائِهِمْ قَالَ أَلَمْ أَقُلْ لَكُمْ إِنِّي أَعْلَمُ غَيْبَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَأَعْلَمُ مَا تُبْدُونَ وَمَا كُنْتُمْ تَكْتُمُونَ  

{قال} تعالى {يا آدم أنبئهم} أي الملائكة {بأسمائهم} المسميات فسمى كل شيء باسمه وذكر حكمته التي خلق لها {فلما أنبأهم بأسمائهم قال} تعالى لهم موبخاً {ألم أقل لكم إنَّي أعلم غيب السماوات والأرض} ما غاب فيهما {وأعلم ما تبدون} ما تظهرون من قولكم أتجعل فيها الخ {وما كنتم تكتمون} تسرون من قولكم لن يخلق الله أكرم عليه منا ولا أعلم.