2. Sūrat al-Baqarah

٢۔ سُورَةُ البَقَرَة

2.19 Moses: Sin of Israelites worshipping the Calf instead of God in absence of Moses.

٢۔١٩ مقطع في سُورَةُ البَقَرَة

quran:2:51

And ˹recall˺ when We made an appointment with Moses for forty nights. Then you took ˹for worship˺ the calf after him, while you were wrongdoers.  

And when We appointed for (wā‘adnā or wa‘adnā) Moses forty nights, at the end of which We shall give him the Torah for you to implement, then you took to yourselves the calf, the one which the Samaritan fashioned for you as a god, after him, that is, after he departed for Our appointment, and you were evildoers, for taking it ˹in worship˺, because you directed your worship to the wrong place.
القرآن:٢:٥١

وَإِذْ وَاعَدْنَا مُوسَىٰ أَرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً ثُمَّ اتَّخَذْتُمُ الْعِجْلَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَأَنْتُمْ ظَالِمُونَ  

{وإذا واعدنا} بألف ودونها {موسى أربعين ليلة} نعطيه عند انقضائها التوراة لتعلموا بها {ثم اتخذتم العجل} الذي صاغه لكم السامري إلهاً {من بعده} أي بعد ذهابه إلى ميعادنا {وأنتم ظالمون} باتخاذه لوضعكم العبادة في غير محلها.
quran:2:52

Then We forgave you after that so perhaps you would be grateful.  

Then We pardoned you, erasing your sins, after that, act of worship, so that you might be thankful, for Our favour upon you.
القرآن:٢:٥٢

ثُمَّ عَفَوْنَا عَنْكُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ ذَٰلِكَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ  

{ثم عفونا عنكم} محونا ذنوبكم {من بعد ذلك} الاتخاذ {لعلّكم تشكرون} نعمتنا عليكم
quran:2:53

And ˹recall˺ when We gave Moses the Scripture and criterion that perhaps you would be guided.  

And when We gave to Moses the Scripture, the Torah, and the Criterion (wa’l-furqān is an explicative supplement ˹of Torah˺), that is, the one that discriminates (faraqa) between truth and falsehood and between what is licit and illicit, so that you might be guided, by it away from error.
القرآن:٢:٥٣

وَإِذْ آتَيْنَا مُوسَى الْكِتَابَ وَالْفُرْقَانَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَهْتَدُونَ  

{وإذ آتينا موسى الكتاب} التوراة {والفرقان} عطف تفسير، أي الفارق بين الحق والباطل والحلال والحرام {لعلكم تهتدون} به من الضلال.
quran:2:54

And ˹recall˺ when Moses said to his people, "O my people, indeed you have wronged yourselves by your taking of the calf ˹for worship˺. So repent to your Creator and kill yourselves. That is best for ˹all of˺ you in the sight of your Creator." Then He accepted your repentance; indeed, He is the Accepting of repentance, the Merciful.  

And when Moses said to his people, those who worshipped the calf, ‘My people, you have done wrong against yourselves by your taking the ˹golden˺ calf, for a god; now turn to your Creator, away from that worship ˹of the calf˺ and slay one another, that is, let the innocent of you slay the guilty; That, slaughter, will be better for you in your Creator’s sight’, who made it easier for you to accomplish this and sent down a dark cloud over you, so that none of you was able to see the other and show him mercy, such that almost seventy thousand of you were killed; and He will turn to you ˹relenting˺, before your ˹turning in˺ repentance; truly He is the Relenting, the Merciful.
القرآن:٢:٥٤

وَإِذْ قَالَ مُوسَىٰ لِقَوْمِهِ يَا قَوْمِ إِنَّكُمْ ظَلَمْتُمْ أَنْفُسَكُمْ بِاتِّخَاذِكُمُ الْعِجْلَ فَتُوبُوا إِلَىٰ بَارِئِكُمْ فَاقْتُلُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ ذَٰلِكُمْ خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ عِنْدَ بَارِئِكُمْ فَتَابَ عَلَيْكُمْ ۚ إِنَّهُ هُوَ التَّوَّابُ الرَّحِيمُ  

{وإذ قال موسى لقومه} الذين عبدوا العجل {يا قوم إنكم ظلمتم أنفسكم باتخاذكم العجل} إلهاً {فتوبوا إلى بارئكم} خالقكم من عبادته {فاقتلوا أنفسكم} أي ليقتل البريءُ منكم المجرم {ذلكم} القتل {خير لكم عند بارئكم} فوفقكم لفعل ذلك وأرسل عليكم سحابة سوداء لئلا يبصر بعضكم بعضا فيرحمه حتى قتل منكم نحو سبعين ألفا {فتاب عليكم} قبل توبتكم {أنه هو التواب الرحيم}.