2. Sūrat al-Baqarah

٢۔ سُورَةُ البَقَرَة

2.89 You may detest something but it may be better for you. Fighting in the sacred month and punishment for who turn back from Islam.

٢۔٨٩ مقطع في سُورَةُ البَقَرَة

quran:2:216

Fighting has been enjoined upon you while it is hateful to you. But perhaps you hate a thing and it is good for you; and perhaps you love a thing and it is bad for you. And Allah Knows, while you know not.  

Prescribed for you, obligatory ˹for you˺, is fighting, disbelievers, though it be hateful to you, by nature, because of the hardship involved. Yet it may happen that you hate a thing which is good for you; and it may happen that you love a thing which is bad for you: because the soul inclines towards those desires which result in its destruction and its rejection of the religious obligations that would bring about its happiness. Perhaps, then, even if you are averse to it, you will find much good in fighting, as a result of victory, booty, martyrdom or reward; while, if you were to reject fighting, even if you would like to do so, you will find much evil, because then you may be subjugated, impoverished and denied the reward; God knows, what is good for you, and you know, this, not, so strive in what He commands you.
القرآن:٢:٢١٦

كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْقِتَالُ وَهُوَ كُرْهٌ لَكُمْ ۖ وَعَسَىٰ أَنْ تَكْرَهُوا شَيْئًا وَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ ۖ وَعَسَىٰ أَنْ تُحِبُّوا شَيْئًا وَهُوَ شَرٌّ لَكُمْ ۗ وَاللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ وَأَنْتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ  

{كُتِب} فرض {عليكم القتال} للكفار {وهو كُرْهٌ} مكروه {لكم} طبعا لمشقته {وعسى أن تكرهوا شيئا وهو خير لكم وعسى أن تحبوا شيئا وهو شر لكم} لميل النفس إلى الشهوات الموجبة لهلاكها ونفورها عن التكليفات الموجبة لسعادتها فلعل لكم في القتال وإن كرهتموه خيرا لأن فيه إما الظفر والغنيمة أو الشهادة والأجر وفي تركه وإن أحببتموه شرا لأن فيه الذل والفقر وحرمان الأجر {والله يعلم} ما هو خير لكم {وأنتم لا تعلمون} ذلك فبادروا إلى ما يأمركم به.
quran:2:217

They ask you about the sacred month - about fighting therein. Say, "Fighting therein is great ˹sin˺, but averting ˹people˺ from the way of Allah and disbelief in Him and ˹preventing access to˺ al-Masjid al-Haram and the expulsion of its people therefrom are greater ˹evil˺ in the sight of Allah. And fitnah is greater than killing." And they will continue to fight you until they turn you back from your religion if they are able. And whoever of you reverts from his religion ˹to disbelief˺ and dies while he is a disbeliever - for those, their deeds have become worthless in this world and the Hereafter, and those are the companions of the Fire, they will abide therein eternally.  

Thus the Prophet (s) sent forth the first of his raiding parties under the command of ‘Abd Allāh b. Jahsh. They fought against the idolaters and killed ˹‘Amr b. ‘Abd Allāh˺ Ibn al-Hadramī in ˹the sacred month of˺ Rajab, thinking that it was the last day of Jumādā II. The disbelievers reviled them for making fighting lawful in a sacred month, and so God revealed the following: They ask you about the sacred, the forbidden, month, and fighting in it (qitālin fīhi, ‘fighting in it’, is an inclusive substitution ˹for al-shahri l-harāmi, ‘the sacred month’˺). Say, to them: ‘Fighting (qitālun is the subject) in it is a grave thing (kabīr, ‘grave’, is the predicate), that is, heinous in terms of sin; but to bar (saddun is the subject), people, from God’s way, His religion, and disbelief in Him, in God, and, to bar from, the Sacred Mosque, that is, Mecca, and to expel its people, the Prophet (s) and the believers, from it — that is graver (the predicate of the ˹last˺ subject), ˹that is˺ more heinous in terms of sin than fighting in it, in God’s sight; and sedition, your idolatry, is graver than, your, slaying’, in it. They, the disbelievers, will not cease to fight against you, O believers, until, so that, they turn you from your religion, to unbelief, if they are able; and whoever of you turns from his religion, and dies disbelieving — their, good, works have failed, that is, they are invalid, in this world and the Hereafter. Thus they will not count for anything and will not result in any reward. The specification of death as a condition is because if that person were to return to Islam ˹again˺, his original deeds would not be invalidated, and he will be rewarded for them, and he would not have to repeat them, ˹deeds˺ such as ˹performing˺ the Pilgrimage: al-Shāfi‘ī is of this opinion. Those are the inhabitants of the Fire, abiding therein.
القرآن:٢:٢١٧

يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الشَّهْرِ الْحَرَامِ قِتَالٍ فِيهِ ۖ قُلْ قِتَالٌ فِيهِ كَبِيرٌ ۖ وَصَدٌّ عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَكُفْرٌ بِهِ وَالْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ وَإِخْرَاجُ أَهْلِهِ مِنْهُ أَكْبَرُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ ۚ وَالْفِتْنَةُ أَكْبَرُ مِنَ الْقَتْلِ ۗ وَلَا يَزَالُونَ يُقَاتِلُونَكُمْ حَتَّىٰ يَرُدُّوكُمْ عَنْ دِينِكُمْ إِنِ اسْتَطَاعُوا ۚ وَمَنْ يَرْتَدِدْ مِنْكُمْ عَنْ دِينِهِ فَيَمُتْ وَهُوَ كَافِرٌ فَأُولَٰئِكَ حَبِطَتْ أَعْمَالُهُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ ۖ وَأُولَٰئِكَ أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ ۖ هُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ  

وأرسل النبي ﷺ أول سراياه وعليها عبد الله بن جحش فقاتلوا المشركين وقتلوا ابن الحضرمي آخر يوم من جمادى الآخرة والتبس عليهم برجب فعيرهم الكفار باستحلاله فنزل: {يسألونك عن الشهر الحرام} المحرم {قتال فيه} بدل اشتمال {قل} لهم {قتال فيه كبير} عظيم وزرا مبتدأ وخبر {وصد} مبتدأ منع للناس {عن سبيل الله} دينه {وكفر به} بالله {و} صد عن {المسجد الحرام} أي مكة {وإخراج أهله منه} وهم النبي ﷺ والمؤمنون وخبر المبتدأ {أكبر} أعظم وزرا {عند الله} من القتال فيه {والفتنة} الشرك منكم {أكبر من القتل} لكم فيه {ولا يزالون} أي الكفار {يقاتلونكم} أيها المؤمنون {حتى} كي {يردوكم} إلى الكفر {إن استطاعوا ومن يرتدِد منكم عن دينه فيمت وهو كافر فأولئك حبطت} بطلت {أعمالهم} الصالحة {في الدنيا والآخرة} فلا اعتداد بها ولا ثواب عليها والتقيد بالموت عليه يفيد أنه لو رجع إلى الإسلام لم يبطل عمله فيثاب عليه ولا يعيده كالحج مثلا وعليه الشافعي {وأولئك أصحاب النار هم فيها خالدون}.
quran:2:218

Indeed, those who have believed and those who have emigrated and fought in the cause of Allah - those expect the mercy of Allah. And Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.  

When those of the raiding party ˹of ‘Abd Allāh b. Jahsh˺ thought that, although they had been released from the sin ˹of having slain in the sacred month˺, they would not receive any reward, the following was revealed: Verily the believers, and those who emigrate, and depart from their homeland, and struggle in God’s way, in order to elevate His religion — those have hope of God’s compassion, His reward; and God is Forgiving, of believers, Merciful, to them.
القرآن:٢:٢١٨

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَالَّذِينَ هَاجَرُوا وَجَاهَدُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ أُولَٰئِكَ يَرْجُونَ رَحْمَتَ اللَّهِ ۚ وَاللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ  

ولما ظن السرية أنهم إن سلموا من الإثم فلا يحصل لهم أجر نزل {إن الذين آمنوا والذين هاجروا} فارقوا أوطانهم {وجاهدوا في سبيل الله} لإعلاء دينه {أولئك يرجون رَحْمَتَ الله} ثوابه {والله غفور} للمؤمنين {رحيم} بهم.