2. Sūrat al-Baqarah

٢۔ سُورَةُ البَقَرَة

2.100 Laws relating to care for widows.

٢۔١٠٠ مقطع في سُورَةُ البَقَرَة

quran:2:240

And those who are taken in death among you and leave wives behind - for their wives is a bequest: maintenance for one year without turning ˹them˺ out. But if they leave ˹of their own accord˺, then there is no blame upon you for what they do with themselves in an acceptable way. And Allah is Exalted in Might and Wise.  

And those of you who die, leaving wives, let them, make testament (wasiyyatan, or wasiyyatun) for their wives, as an obligation, and give them provision, what they can enjoy of property and clothes, for, until the completion of, a year (matā‘an ilā l-hawl, ‘provision for a year’, is a circumstantial qualifier), that is, without expelling them from their habitations; but if they go forth, of their own accord, you would not be at fault, ˹you˺ the guardians of the dead one, regarding what they may do with themselves honourably, in accordance with the Law, such as adorning themselves or abandoning the mourning, or that you should cut off their expenditure; God is Mighty, in His Kingdom, Wise, in His actions. The testament mentioned here was abrogated by the ‘inheritance’ verse ˹Q. 4:12˺, and the waiting of one year ˹without expulsion˺ was abrogated by the previous verse four months and ten ˹Q. 2:234˺ which was revealed later. In the opinion of al-Shāfi‘ī, may God have mercy on him, the habitation remains hers.
القرآن:٢:٢٤٠

وَالَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنْكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَاجًا وَصِيَّةً لِأَزْوَاجِهِمْ مَتَاعًا إِلَى الْحَوْلِ غَيْرَ إِخْرَاجٍ ۚ فَإِنْ خَرَجْنَ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِي مَا فَعَلْنَ فِي أَنْفُسِهِنَّ مِنْ مَعْرُوفٍ ۗ وَاللَّهُ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ  

{والذين يُتوفون منكم ويذرون أزواجا} فليوصوا {وصيةً} وفي قراءة بالرفع أي عليهم {لأزواجهم} وليعطوهن {متاعا} ما يتمتعن به من النفقة والكسوة {إلى} تمام {الحول غير إخراج} حال أي غير مخرجات من مسكنهن {فإن خرجن} بأنفسهن {فلا جناح عليكم} يا أولياء الميت {في ما فعلن في أنفسهن من معروف} شرعا كالتزين وترك الإحداد وقطع النفقة عنها {والله عزيز} في ملكه {حكيم} في صنعه والوصية المذكورة منسوخة بآية الميراث وتربص الحول بآية أربعة أشهر وعشرا السابقة المتأخرة في النزول والسكنى ثابتة لها عند الشافعي رحمه الله.
quran:2:241

And for divorced women is a provision according to what is acceptable - a duty upon the righteous.  

There shall be provision for divorced women, which they are given, honourably, as is feasible — an obligation (haqqan, ‘obligation’, is in the accusative because it is governed by an implied verb) on those who fear God, may He be exalted. He has repeated the phrase in order to include the woman that has been touched ˹sexually˺, since the previous verse addresses a different issue.
القرآن:٢:٢٤١

وَلِلْمُطَلَّقَاتِ مَتَاعٌ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ ۖ حَقًّا عَلَى الْمُتَّقِينَ  

{وللمطلّقات متاع} يعطينه {بالمعروف} بقدر الإمكان {حقّا} نصب بفعله المقدر {على المتقين} الله تعالى كرره ليعم الممسوسة أيضا إذ الآية السابقة في غيرها.
quran:2:242

Thus does Allah make clear to you His verses that you might use reason.  

So, in the same way that He has explained to you what has been mentioned, God makes clear His signs for you, so that you might understand, reflect.
القرآن:٢:٢٤٢

كَذَٰلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ آيَاتِهِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَعْقِلُونَ  

{كذلك} كما يبين لكم ما ذكر {يبين الله لكم آياته لعلكم تعقلون} تتدبرون.