2. Sūrat al-Baqarah

٢۔ سُورَةُ البَقَرَة

2.98 Laws relating divorce before consummation of marriage.

٢۔٩٨ مقطع في سُورَةُ البَقَرَة

quran:2:236

There is no blame upon you if you divorce women you have not touched nor specified for them an obligation. But give them ˹a gift of˺ compensation - the wealthy according to his capability and the poor according to his capability - a provision according to what is acceptable, a duty upon the doers of good.  

You would not be at fault if you divorce women while you have not touched them (tamassūhunna: also read tumāssūhunna), that is, ˹while˺ you have not had sexual intercourse with them, nor appointed any obligation, dowry, for them (the particle mā, ‘while’, relates to the verbal action and is also adverbial) that is to say, there are no sinful consequences for divorcing them if you have not copulated with them or assigned them a dowry, so divorce them; yet make provision of comforts for them honourably, that is, in accordance with the Law (bi’l-ma‘rūf, ‘honourably’, is an adjectival qualification of matā‘an, ‘comforts’), giving them what they can enjoy, the one of ample means, the affluent among you, according to his means, and the needy man, of restricted income, according to his means — an obligation (haqqan, ‘obligation’, is either a second qualifier of matā‘an, ‘comforts’, or an emphatic verbal noun), on the virtuous, the obedient ones.
القرآن:٢:٢٣٦

لَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ إِنْ طَلَّقْتُمُ النِّسَاءَ مَا لَمْ تَمَسُّوهُنَّ أَوْ تَفْرِضُوا لَهُنَّ فَرِيضَةً ۚ وَمَتِّعُوهُنَّ عَلَى الْمُوسِعِ قَدَرُهُ وَعَلَى الْمُقْتِرِ قَدَرُهُ مَتَاعًا بِالْمَعْرُوفِ ۖ حَقًّا عَلَى الْمُحْسِنِينَ  

{لا جُناح عليكم إن طلقتم النساء ما لم تمسوهن} وفي قراءة {تُماسُّوهُنَّ} أي تجامعوهن {أو} لم {تفرضوا لهن فريضة} مهرا وما مصدرية ظرفية أي لا تبعة عليكم في الطلاق زمن عدم المسيس والفرض بإثم ولا مهر فطلقوهن {ومتعوهن} أعطوهن ما يتمنعن به {على الموسع} الغني منكم {قدره وعلى المقتر} الضيِّق الرزق {قدره} يفيد أنه لا نظر إلى قدر الزوجة {متاعا} تمتيعا {بالمعروف} شرعا صفة متاعا {حقا} صفة ثانية أو مصدر مؤكد {على المحسنين} المطيعين.
quran:2:237

And if you divorce them before you have touched them and you have already specified for them an obligation, then ˹give˺ half of what you specified - unless they forego the right or the one in whose hand is the marriage contract foregoes it. And to forego it is nearer to righteousness. And do not forget graciousness between you. Indeed Allah, of whatever you do, is Seeing.  

And if you divorce them before you have touched them, and you have already appointed for them an obligation, then one-half of what you have appointed, must be given to them and the other half returns to you; unless it be that they, the women, make remission, and forgo it, or he makes remission, by leaving her the entire amount, the one in whose hand is the knot of marriage, the husband to be, or as Ibn ‘Abbās is reported to have said, ‘The legal guardian, where the female is a minor’; in which case nobody would be at fault; yet that you should remit (wa-an ta‘fū is the subject) is nearer to piety (aqrabu li’l-taqwā is its predicate). Forget not kindness between you, that is, to be bountiful towards one another; surely God sees what you do, and will requite you accordingly.
القرآن:٢:٢٣٧

وَإِنْ طَلَّقْتُمُوهُنَّ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تَمَسُّوهُنَّ وَقَدْ فَرَضْتُمْ لَهُنَّ فَرِيضَةً فَنِصْفُ مَا فَرَضْتُمْ إِلَّا أَنْ يَعْفُونَ أَوْ يَعْفُوَ الَّذِي بِيَدِهِ عُقْدَةُ النِّكَاحِ ۚ وَأَنْ تَعْفُوا أَقْرَبُ لِلتَّقْوَىٰ ۚ وَلَا تَنْسَوُا الْفَضْلَ بَيْنَكُمْ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌ  

{وإن طلقتموهن من قبل أن تمسوهن وقد فرضتم لهن فريضة فنصف ما فرضتم} يجب لهن ويرجع لكم النصف {إلا} لكن {أن يعفون} أي الزوجات فيتركنه {أو يعفو الذي بيده عقدة النكاح} وهو الزوج فيترك لها الكل، وعن ابن عباس: الولي إذا كانت محجورة فلا حرج في ذلك {وأن تعفوا} مبتدأ خبره {أقرب للتقوى ولا تنسوا الفضل بينكم} أي أن يتفضل بعضكم على بعض {إن الله بما تعملون بصير} فيجازيكم به.