2. Sūrat al-Baqarah

٢۔ سُورَةُ البَقَرَة

2.112 Charitable Giving vs. Showing off. Reward for charity invalidated after hurtful reminders of it.

٢۔١١٢ مقطع في سُورَةُ البَقَرَة

quran:2:264

O you who have believed, do not invalidate your charities with reminders or injury as does one who spends his wealth ˹only˺ to be seen by the people and does not believe in Allah and the Last Day. His example is like that of a ˹large˺ smooth stone upon which is dust and is hit by a downpour that leaves it bare. They are unable ˹to keep˺ anything of what they have earned. And Allah does not guide the disbelieving people.  

O you who believe, annul not, the rewards of, your voluntary almsgivings with reproach and injury, as, in the manner of the annulment of the expenditure of, one who expends of his substance to show off to men and believes not in God and the Last Day: this is the hypocrite. The likeness of him is as the likeness of a smooth rock on which is soil, and a torrent, of intense rain, smites it, and leaves it barren, and smooth with nothing on it. They have no power (lā yaqdirūna is a resumption of the statement about the likeness of the one that expends for show; the person becomes plural on account of the ˹potential plural˺ implication of alladhī, ‘the one who’) over anything that they have earned, that they did, in other words, they find no reward for it in the Hereafter, just as one finds nothing of the dust that was on the surface of the smooth rock, after the rain has washed it away. God guides not the disbelieving folk.
القرآن:٢:٢٦٤

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تُبْطِلُوا صَدَقَاتِكُمْ بِالْمَنِّ وَالْأَذَىٰ كَالَّذِي يُنْفِقُ مَالَهُ رِئَاءَ النَّاسِ وَلَا يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ ۖ فَمَثَلُهُ كَمَثَلِ صَفْوَانٍ عَلَيْهِ تُرَابٌ فَأَصَابَهُ وَابِلٌ فَتَرَكَهُ صَلْدًا ۖ لَا يَقْدِرُونَ عَلَىٰ شَيْءٍ مِمَّا كَسَبُوا ۗ وَاللَّهُ لَا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الْكَافِرِينَ  

{يأيها الذين آمنوا لا تبطلوا صدقاتكم} أي أجورها {بالمن والأذى} إبطالا {كالذي} أي كإبطال نفقة الذي {ينفق ماله رئاء الناس} مرائيا لهم {ولا يؤمن بالله واليوم الآخر} هو المنافق {فمثله كمثل صفوان} حجر أملس {عليه تراب فأصابه وابل} مطر شديد {فتركه صلدا} صلبا أملس لا شيء عليه {لا يقدرون} استئناف لبيان مثل المنافق المنفق رئاء الناس وجمع الضمير باعتبار معنى الذي {على شيء مما كسبوا} عملوا أي لا يجدون له ثوابا في الآخرة كما لا يوجد على الصفوان شئ من التراب الذي كان عليه لإذهاب المطر له {والله لا يهدى القوم الكافرين}.
quran:2:265

And the example of those who spend their wealth seeking means to the approval of Allah and assuring ˹reward for˺ themselves is like a garden on high ground which is hit by a downpour - so it yields its fruits in double. And ˹even˺ if it is not hit by a downpour, then a drizzle ˹is sufficient˺. And Allah, of what you do, is Seeing.  

But the likeness, of the expenditure, of those who expend their wealth, seeking God’s good pleasure, and to confirm themselves, that is, to realise the reward thereof, in contrast to the hypocrites who do not hope for it, since they do not believe in it, is as the likeness of a garden, an orchard, upon a hill, (read rabwa or rubwa) a high ground; a torrent smites it and it yields, gives forth, its produce (read ukulahā or uklahā), its fruits, twofold, twice the fruits of another ˹garden˺; if no torrent smites it, then dew, (tall, a light drizzle) which falls on it and suffices it on account of its altitude. In other words, it grows and bears fruit, regardless of how much rain falls; likewise are the expenditures of those mentioned: they will increase with God, regardless of how much they were; and God sees what you do, and He will requite you for it.
القرآن:٢:٢٦٥

وَمَثَلُ الَّذِينَ يُنْفِقُونَ أَمْوَالَهُمُ ابْتِغَاءَ مَرْضَاتِ اللَّهِ وَتَثْبِيتًا مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ كَمَثَلِ جَنَّةٍ بِرَبْوَةٍ أَصَابَهَا وَابِلٌ فَآتَتْ أُكُلَهَا ضِعْفَيْنِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يُصِبْهَا وَابِلٌ فَطَلٌّ ۗ وَاللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌ  

{ومثل} نفقات {الذين ينفقون أموالهم ابتغاء} طلب {مرضات الله وتثبيتا من أنفسهم} أي تحقيقا للثواب عليه بخلاف المنافقين الذين لا يرجونه لإنكارهم له ومَن ابتدائية {كمثل جنة} بستان {بِرُبْوَةٍ} بضم الراء وفتحتها مكان مرتفع مستو {أصابها وابل فآتت} أعطت {أكلَها} بضم الكاف وسكونها ثمرها {ضعفين} مثلَيْ ما يثمر غيرها {فإن لم يصبها وابل فطلٌ} مطر خفيف يصيبها ويكفيها لارتفاعها، المعنى: تثمر وتزكو كثر المطر أم قل فكذلك نفقات من ذكر تزكو عند الله كثرت أم قلت {والله بما تعلمون بصير} فيجازيكم به.
quran:2:266

Would one of you like to have a garden of palm trees and grapevines underneath which rivers flow in which he has from every fruit? But he is afflicted with old age and has weak offspring, and it is hit by a whirlwind containing fire and is burned. Thus does Allah make clear to you ˹His˺ verses that you might give thought.  

Would any of you wish to have a garden, an orchard, of date-palms and vines, with rivers flowing beneath it, for him there is in it all manner of fruit, then old age smites him, and makes him too weak to profit from it, and he has seed, but they are weak, young children who cannot manage it; then a whirlwind (i‘sār are violent winds) with fire smites it, and it is consumed?, so that he loses what he is most in need of, and now he and his children have become incapacitated, confused, without any resources. This is a similitude of how the expenditure of the one expending for show, or the one who reproaches ˹after having expended˺, vanishes and how it is of no avail when he will be most in need of it in the Hereafter (the interrogative ˹ayawaddu, ‘would any wish’˺ is intended as a denial). According to Ibn ‘Abbās, this is the person who performs deeds of obedience, but when Satan comes to him, he begins to work disobedience, until all his good deeds have been consumed. So, in the way that He has explained what has been mentioned, God makes clear the signs to you, so that you might reflect, and take heed.
القرآن:٢:٢٦٦

أَيَوَدُّ أَحَدُكُمْ أَنْ تَكُونَ لَهُ جَنَّةٌ مِنْ نَخِيلٍ وَأَعْنَابٍ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ لَهُ فِيهَا مِنْ كُلِّ الثَّمَرَاتِ وَأَصَابَهُ الْكِبَرُ وَلَهُ ذُرِّيَّةٌ ضُعَفَاءُ فَأَصَابَهَا إِعْصَارٌ فِيهِ نَارٌ فَاحْتَرَقَتْ ۗ كَذَٰلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ اللَّهُ لَكُمُ الْآيَاتِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَفَكَّرُونَ  

{أيَوَدُّ} أيحب {أحدكم أن تكون له جنة} بستان {من نخيل وأعناب تجري من تحتها الأنهار له فيها} ثمر {من كل الثمرات و} قد {أصابه الكبر} فضعف من الكبر عن الكسب {وله ذُرِّيةٌ ضعفاء} أولاد صغار لا يقدرون عليه {فأصابها إعصار} ريح شديدة {فيه نار فاحترقت} ففقدها أحوج ما كان إليها وبقي هو وأولاده عجزة متحيرين لا حيلة لهم وهذا تمثيل لنفقة المرائي والمانّ في ذهابها وعدم نفعها أحوج ما يكون إليها في الآخرة والاستفهام بمعنى النفي، وعن ابن عباس هو الرجل عمل بالطاعات ثم بعث له الشيطان فعمل بالمعاصي حتى أحرق أعماله {كذلك} كما بين ما ذكر {يبين الله لكم الآيات لعلكم تتفكرون} فتعتبرون.