23. Book of Quranic Exegesis (Tafsīr) (20/23)
٢٣۔ كِتَابُ التَّفْسِيرِ ص ٢٠
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
We have begun in this book with the descent of the Quran, in what has been narrated in the Musnad concerning the recitations, and the mention of the companions who compiled and memorized the Quran, before the interpretation of the Surahs.
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ
قَدْ بَدَأْنَا فِي هَذَا الْكِتَابِ بِنُزُولِ الْقُرْآنِ، فِي مَا رُوِيَ فِي الْمُسْنَدِ مِنَ الْقِرَاءَاتِ، وَذِكْرِ الصَّحَابَةِ الَّذِينَ جَمَعُوا الْقُرْآنَ وَحَفِظُوهُ، هَذَا قَبْلَ تَفْسِيرِ السُّوَرِ
[Machine] "He said, Allah is the One who created seven heavens and similar to them from the earth. He said, there are seven earths, and on each earth there is a prophet like your prophet, and Adam is like Adam, and Noah is like Noah, and Abraham is like Abraham, and Jesus is like Jesus." [At-Talaq 12]
أَنَّهُ قَالَ {اللَّهُ الَّذِي خَلَقَ سَبْعَ سَمَاوَاتٍ وَمِنَ الْأَرْضِ مِثْلَهُنَّ} [الطلاق 12] قَالَ سَبْعَ أَرَضِينَ فِي كُلِّ أَرْضٍ نَبِيٌّ كَنَبِيِّكُمْ وَآدَمُ كآدمَ وَنُوحٌ كَنُوحٍ وَإِبْرَاهِيمُ كَإِبْرَاهِيمَ وَعِيسَى كَعِيسَى
فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {سَبْعَ سَمَاوَاتٍ وَمِنَ الْأَرْضِ مِثْلَهُنَّ} [الطلاق 12] قَالَ فِي كُلِّ أَرْضٍ نَحْوُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ
23.66 [Machine] Interpretation of Surah al-Tahrim
٢٣۔٦٦ تَفْسِيرُ سُورَةِ التَّحْرِيمِ
"O Prophet! Why do you forbid (for yourself) that which Allah has allowed to you.' until the end of the Verse. (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3959)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَانَتْ لَهُ أَمَةٌ يَطَؤُهَا فَلَمْ تَزَلْ بِهِ عَائِشَةُ وَحَفْصَةُ حَتَّى جَعَلَهَا عَلَى نَفْسِهِ حَرَامًا فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ لِمَ تُحَرِّمُ مَا أَحَلَّ اللَّهُ لَكَ تَبْتَغِي مَرْضَاتَ أَزْوَاجِكَ} [التحريم 1] إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ
[Machine] You lied, it is not forbidden for you. Then, recite this verse: "O Prophet, why do you prohibit [yourself from] what Allah has made lawful for you, seeking the approval of your wives?" [Surah At-Tahrim, verse 1].
كَذَبْتَ لَيْسَتْ عَلَيْكَ بِحَرَامٍ ثُمَّ تَلَا هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ لَمَ تُحَرِّمُ مَا أَحَلَّ اللَّهُ لَكَ تَبْتَغِي} [التحريم 1] الْآيَةُ
فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {قُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ وَأَهْلِيكُمْ نَارًا} [التحريم 6] قَالَ «عَلِّمُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ وَأَهْلِيكُمُ الْخَيْرَ»
[Machine] "The stones that Allah described in the Quran as "their fuel is mankind and stones" (Surah At-Tahrim 6) are stones made of sulfur that Allah created as He willed or as He pleased."
إِنَّ الْحِجَارَةَ الَّتِي سَمَّى اللَّهُ فِي الْقُرْآنِ {وَقُودُهَا النَّاسُ وَالْحِجَارَةُ} [التحريم 6] حِجَارَةٌ مِنْ كِبْرِيتٍ خَلَقَهَا اللَّهُ عِنْدَهُ كَيْفَ شَاءَ أَوْ كَمَا شَاءَ
[Machine] A young man from the Ansar was overcome by fear of the fire, so he would weep upon mentioning the fire. This continued until he confined himself to his house due to this fear. This was mentioned to the Prophet ﷺ , so he went to visit him at his house. When the Prophet entered upon him, the young man embraced him and fell dead. The Prophet ﷺ said, "Prepare your companion, for his liver has been ripped apart."
أَنَّ فَتًى مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ دَخَلَتْهُ خَشْيَةٌ مِنَ النَّارِ فَكَانَ يَبْكِي عِنْدَ ذِكْرِ النَّارِ حَتَّى حَبَسَهُ ذَلِكَ فِي الْبَيْتِ فَذُكِرَ ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَجَاءَهُ فِي الْبَيْتِ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ اعْتَنَقَهُ الْفَتَى وَخَرَّ مَيِّتًا فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «جَهِّزُوا صَاحِبَكُمْ فَإِنَّ الْفَرَقَ فَلَذَ كَبِدَهُ»
[Machine] "I performed a pilgrimage and then I descended from one of the roads of Kufa. I went out in a dark night when suddenly I heard a shout from the depth of the night. He was saying, 'O my Lord, by Your might and majesty, I did not intend to disobey You with my disobedience. Indeed, I disobeyed You when I disobeyed You, and I am not ignorant of that. However, it was a sin that my wretchedness and your covering have encouraged me to commit due to my ignorance. I disobeyed You out of my ignorance and I opposed You out of my ignorance. Now, who will rescue me from Your punishment, and to whose rope should I hold on? If You have severed Your rope from me, then to whose rope should I cling? When he finished speaking, I recited a verse from the Book of Allah, 'Save yourselves and your families from a Fire whose fuel is people and stones, over which are [appointed] angels, harsh and severe.' (Quran 66:6). Then, I heard a loud noise and after that, I did not hear or perceive anything. So, I continued on my way and when morning came, I returned to my chamber. There, I found a funeral procession taking place, and an elderly woman. I asked her about the matter of the deceased, but she did not recognize me. She replied, 'A man passed by here yesterday and may Allah reward him, he recited a verse from the Book of Allah, after hearing which, my son died.' The Dhahabi remained silent on the summary."
حَجَجْتُ حَجَّةً فَنَزَلْتُ سِكَّةً مِنْ سِكَكِ الْكُوفَةِ فَخَرَجْتُ فِي لَيْلَةٍ مُظْلِمَةٍ فَإِذَا بِصَارِخٍ يَصْرُخُ فِي جَوْفِ اللَّيْلِ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ إِلَهِي وَعِزَّتِكَ وَجَلَالِكَ مَا أَرَدْتُ بِمَعْصِيَتِي إِيَّاكَ مُخَالَفَتَكَ وَلَقَدْ عَصَيْتُكَ إِذْ عَصَيْتُكَ وَمَا أَنَا بِذَلِكَ جَاهِلٌ وَلَكِنْ خَطِيئَةٌ عَرَضَتْ أَعَانَنِي عَلَيْهَا شَقَائِي وَغَرَّنِي سِتْرُكَ الْمُرْخَي عَلَيَّ وَقَدْ عَصَيْتُكَ بِجَهْلِي وَخَالَفْتُكَ بِجَهْلِي فَالْآنَ مِنْ عَذَابِكَ مَنْ يَسْتَنْقِذُنِي وَبِحَبْلِ مَنْ أَتَّصِلُّ إِنْ أَنْتَ قَطَعْتُ حَبْلَكَ عَنِّي وَاشَبَابَاهُ وَاشَبَابَاهُ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ تَلَوْتُ آيَةً مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ {قُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ وَأَهْلِيكُمْ نَارًا وَقُودُهَا النَّاسُ وَالْحِجَارَةُ عَلَيْهَا مَلَائِكَةٌ غِلَاظٌ شِدَادٌ} [التحريم 6] الْآيَةُ فَسَمِعْتُ حَرَكَةً شَدِيدَةً ثُمَّ لَمْ أَسْمَعْ بَعْدَهَا حِسًّا فَمَضَيْتُ فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ رَجَعْتُ فِي مَدْرَجَتِي فَإِذَا أَنَا بِجِنَازَةٍ قَدْ وُضِعَتْ وَإِذَا عَجُوزٌ كَبِيرَةٌ فَسَأَلْتُهَا عَنْ أَمْرِ الْمَيِّتِ وَلَمْ تَكُنْ عَرَفَتْنِي فَقَالَتْ مَرَّ هُنَا رَجُلٌ لَا جَزَاهُ اللَّهُ إِلَّا جَزَاءَهُ بِابْنِي الْبَارِحَةَ وَهُوَ قَائِمٌ يُصَلِّي فَتَلَا آيَةً مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ فَلَمَّا سَمِعَهَا ابْنِي تَفَطَّرَتْ مَرَارَتُهُ فَوَقَعَ مَيِّتًا سكت عنه الذهبي في التلخيص
[Machine] "Whenever a person commits a sin and then repents sincerely, the sin will no longer be held against him, and it will not be mentioned in the authentic chain of narrations, nor will it be recorded against him."
أَنْ يُذْنِبَ الْعَبْدُ ثُمَّ يَتُوبَ فَلَا يَعُودُ فِيهِ صَحِيحُ الْإِسْنَادِ وَلَمْ يُخَرِّجَاهُصحيح
[Machine] "To expiate your sins." [Surah At-Tahrim, verse 8]
أَنْ يُكَفِّرَ عَنْكُمْ سَيِّئَاتِكُمْ} [التحريم 8] الْآيَةُ
[Machine] About Ibn Abbas regarding the saying of Allah, the Almighty: "On the Day when Allah will not disgrace the Prophet and those who have believed with him, their light will proceed before them and on their right; they will say, "Our Lord, perfect for us our light" [Surah At-Tahrim 8]. He said, "There is no one among the monotheists who will not be given light on the Day of Resurrection. As for the hypocrites, their light will be extinguished, and the believer will fear the extinguishing of the hypocrite's light, thus he will say, "Our Lord, perfect for us our light."
عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ ﷻ {يَوْمَ لَا يُخْزِي اللَّهُ النَّبِيَّ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مَعَهُ نُورُهُمْ يَسْعَى بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَبِأَيْمَانِهِمْ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا أَتْمِمْ لَنَا نُورَنَا} [التحريم 8] قَالَ لَيْسَ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الْمُوَحِّدِينَ إِلَّا يُعْطَى نُورًا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَأَمَّا الْمُنَافِقُ فَيُطْفِئُ نُورَهُ وَالْمُؤْمِنُ مُشْفِقٌ مِمَّا رَأَى مِنْ إِطْفَاءِ نُورِ الْمُنَافِقِ فَهُوَ يَقُولُ {رَبَّنَا أَتْمِمْ لَنَا نُورَنَا} [التحريم 8]
The deceiving wives of Prophets Nūḥ and Lūṭ
[Machine] "They both betrayed him." [Surah Al-Tahrim 10] He said, "Neither did the wife of Noah [enter Paradise] with the believers, for she was of them, but the wife of Lot was in Paradise [and] she betrayed them."
{فَخَانَتَاهُمَا} [التحريم 10] قَالَ «مَا زَنَتَا أَمَّا امْرَأَةُ نُوحٍ فَكَانَتْ تَقُولُ لِلنَّاسِ إِنَّهُ مَجْنُونٌ وَأَمَّا امْرَأَةُ لُوطٍ فَكَانَتْ تَدُلُّ عَلَى الضَّيْفِ فَذَلِكَ خِيَانَتُهُمَا»
Angels gave shade to Āsiyah, the wife of Pharaoh, while she was being tortured
The wife of Pharaoh was tortured under the sun. When they left, angels gave her shade with their wings and she saw her house in Jannah.
كَانَتِ امْرَأَةُ فِرْعَوْنَ تُعَذَّبُ بِالشَّمْسِ فَإِذَا انْصَرَفُوا عَنْهَا أَظَلَّتْهَا الْمَلَائِكَةُ بِأَجْنِحَتِهَا وَكَانَتْ تَرَى بَيْتَهَا فِي الْجَنَّةِ.
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: "When I was taken on the Night Journey, I passed by a pleasant fragrance and asked: 'What is this fragrance?' They replied: 'This is the fragrance of the comb of the daughter of Pharaoh, and her children used to comb her hair. When the comb fell from her hand, she said: 'In the name of Allah!' Her daughter asked: 'Is it for my father?' She replied: 'No, not for your father, but for my Lord and your Lord, and the Lord of your father.' Her daughter said: 'I will inform my father about this.' So she told Pharaoh, who summoned her and her children, and asked her: 'What do you want?' She replied: 'Gather my bones and the bones of my children, and bury us all together.' He acknowledged the truth in her request and brought her children to throw them one by one into the grave, until the last one was her young breastfeeding son. He said to her: 'Be patient, O mother, for you are upon the truth.' Then she was thrown into the grave along with her son." The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: "Four people spoke while still children: this child (referring to the son of the woman of Pharaoh), the witness of Joseph, the companion of Jurayj, and Jesus son of Mary, peace be upon them."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَمَّا أُسْرِيَ بِي مَرَّتْ بِي رَائِحَةٌ طَيْبَةٌ فَقُلْتُ مَا هَذِهِ الرَّائِحَةُ؟ فَقَالُوا هَذِهِ رَائِحَةُ مَاشِطَةِ ابْنَةِ فِرْعَوْنَ وَأَوْلَادِهَا كَانَتْ تَمْشِطُهَا فَوَقَعَ الْمُشْطُ مِنْ يَدِهَا فَقَالَتْ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ فَقَالَتِ ابْنَتُهُ أَبِي؟ فَقَالَتْ لَا بَلْ رَبِّي وَرَبُّكِ وَرَبُّ أَبِيكِ فَقَالَتْ أُخْبِرُ بِذَلِكَ أَبِي قَالَتْ نَعَمْ فَأَخْبَرَتْهُ فَدَعَا بِهَا وَبِوَلَدِهَا فَقَالَتْ لِي إِلَيْكَ حَاجَةٌ فَقَالَ مَا هِيَ؟ قَالَتْ تَجْمَعُ عِظَامِي وَعِظَامَ وَلَدِي فَتَدْفِنُهُ جَمِيعًا فَقَالَ ذَلِكَ لَكِ عَلَيْنَا مِنَ الْحَقِّ فَأَتَى بِأَوْلَادِهَا فَأَلْقَى وَاحِدًا وَاحِدًا حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ آخِرُ وَلَدِهَا وَكَانَ صَبِيًّا مُرْضَعًا فَقَالَ اصْبِرِي يَا أُمَّاهُ فَإِنَّكِ عَلَى الْحَقِّ ثُمَّ أُلْقِيَتْ مَعَ وَلَدِهَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ تَكَلَّمَ أَرْبَعَةٌ وَهُمْ صِغَارٌ هَذَا وَشَاهِدُ يُوسُفَ وَصَاحِبُ جُرَيْجٍ وَعِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ drew four lines and then said, "Do you know what this is?" They said, "Allah and His Messenger know best." He said, "Indeed, the best women of the people of Paradise are Khadijah bint Khuwaylid, Fatimah bint Muhammad, Maryam bint Imran, and Asiya bint Muzahim, the wife of Pharaoh, in addition to the mention of her in the Quran (she said: 'My Lord, build for me near You a house in Paradise and save me from Pharaoh and his deeds and save me from the wrongdoing people')." [Al-Tahrim 11]
خَطَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَرْبَعَ خُطُوطٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ «أَتَدْرُونَ مَا هَذَا؟» قَالُوا اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ إِنَّ أَفْضَلَ نِسَاءِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ خَدِيجَةُ بِنْتُ خُوَيْلِدٍ وَفَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ مُحَمَّدٍ وَمَرْيَمُ بِنْتُ عِمْرَانَ وَآسِيَةُ بِنْتُ مُزَاحِمٍ امْرَأَةُ فِرْعَوْنَ مَعَ مَا قَصَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْنَا مِنْ خَبَرِهَا فِي الْقُرْآنِ {قَالَتْ رَبِّ ابْنِ لِي عِنْدَكَ بَيْتًا فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَنَجِّنِي مِنْ فِرْعَوْنَ وَعَمَلِهِ وَنَجِّنِي مِنَ الْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ} [التحريم 11]
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The best of its women is Maryam bint Imran, and the best of its women is Khadijah." This hadith was narrated by Al-Bukhari in his Sahih from Sadaqah bin Muhammad, and it was also narrated by Muslim from Abu Khaythamah and Abu Bakr bin Abi Shaybah in this context. So why did you mention it?
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «خَيْرُ نِسَائِهَا مَرْيَمُ بِنْتُ عِمْرَانَ وَخَيْرُ نِسَائِهَا خَدِيجَةُ» رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ صَدَقَةَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَرَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ عَنْ أَبِي خَيْثَمَةَ وَأَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ بِهَذِهِ السِّيَاقَةِأخرجاه فلماذا أوردته
23.67 [Machine] The interpretation of Surah Al-Mulk
٢٣۔٦٧ تَفْسِيرُ سُورَةِ الْمُلْكِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Indeed, there is a Surah in the Book of Allah, Exalted and Glorious, that consists of nothing but thirty verses. It intercedes for a man until it takes him out of the Fire and admits him into Paradise."
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «إِنَّ سُورَةً مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ ﷻ مَا هِيَ إِلَّا ثَلَاثُونَ آيَةً شَفَعَتْ لِرَجُلٍ فَأَخْرَجَتْهُ مِنَ النَّارِ وَأَدْخَلَتْهُ الْجَنَّةَ»
[Machine] The man is brought to his grave and his legs are brought to him. His legs say, "You have no way over what is in front of me. He used to stand and recite Surah Al-Mulk with me." Then, he is approached from the direction of his chest or stomach, and he says, "You have no way over what is in front of me. He used to recite Surah Al-Mulk with me." Then, his head is approached and he says, "You have no way over what is in front of me. He used to recite Surah Al-Mulk with me." The narration says, "It is the protector from the punishment of the grave, and it is in the Torah, the Surah Al-Mulk. Whoever recites it at night has multiplied and gained much."
يُؤْتَى الرَّجُلُ فِي قَبْرِهِ فَتُؤْتَى رِجْلَاهُ فَتَقُولُ رِجْلَاهُ لَيْسَ لَكُمْ عَلَى مَا قِبَلِي سَبِيلٌ كَانَ يَقُومُ يَقْرَأُ بِي سُورَةَ الْمُلْكِ ثُمَّ يُؤْتَى مِنْ قِبَلِ صَدْرِهِ أَوْ قَالَ بَطْنِهِ فَيَقُولُ لَيْسَ لَكُمْ عَلَى مَا قِبَلِي سَبِيلٌ كَانَ يَقْرَأُ بِي سُورَةَ الْمُلْكِ ثُمَّ يُؤْتَى رَأْسُهُ فَيَقُولُ لَيْسَ لَكُمْ عَلَى مَا قِبَلِي سَبِيلٌ كَانَ يَقْرَأُ بِي سُورَةَ الْمُلْكِ قَالَ فَهِيَ الْمَانِعَةُ تَمْنَعُ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ وَهِيَ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ سُورَةُ الْمُلْكِ وَمَنْ قَرَأَهَا فِي لَيْلَةٍ فَقَدْ أَكْثَرَ وَأَطْنَبَ
23.68 [Machine] Interpretation of Surah Nun and Al-Qalam
٢٣۔٦٨ تَفْسِيرُ سُورَةِ ن وَالْقَلَمِ
[Machine] Indeed, the first thing that Allah created was the pen. He said to it, "Write." It asked, "What should I write?" He replied, "Write the destiny." From that day, everything that exists will continue until the Day of Judgment. It is said that His throne was over the water, and the steam from the water rose and the skies were created. Then He created the "Noon" and spread the earth upon it. The earth rested upon the back of the Noon and the Noon shuddered. The earth solidified and was established with mountains. Indeed, the mountains elevate on the surface of the earth.
إِنَّ أَوَّلَ شَيْءٍ خَلْقَهُ اللَّهُ الْقَلَمُ فَقَالَ لَهُ اكْتُبْ فَقَالَ وَمَا أَكْتُبُ؟ فَقَالَ الْقَدَرُ فَجَرَى مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ بِمَا هُوَ كَائِنٌ إِلَى أَنْ تَقُومَ السَّاعَةُ قَالَ وَكَانَ عَرْشُهُ عَلَى الْمَاءِ فَارْتَفَعَ بُخَارُ الْمَاءِ فَفُتِقَتْ مِنْهُ السَّمَاوَاتُ ثُمَّ خَلَقَ النُّونَ فَبُسِطَتِ الْأَرْضُ عَلَيْهِ وَالْأَرْضُ عَلَى ظَهْرِ النُّونِ فَاضْطَرَبَ النُّونُ فَمَادَتِ الْأَرْضُ فَأُثْبِتَتْ بِالْجِبَالِ فَإِنَّ الْجِبَالَ تَفْخَرُ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ
«وَمَا يَكْتُبُونَ»
[Machine] I asked Aisha, the mother of the believers, to tell me about the manners of the Messenger of Allah (SAW), and she said, "Do you recite the Quran?" And I said, "Yes." Then she said, "Indeed, the manners of the Messenger of Allah (SAW) were the Quran."
سَأَلْتُ عَائِشَةَ يَا أُمَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَنْبِئِينِي عَنْ خُلُقِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ «أَتَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ؟» فَقُلْتُ نَعَمْ فَقَالَتْ «إِنَّ خُلُقَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْقُرْآنُ»
[Machine] "He is known for his evil deeds, just as a sheep is known by its wool."
فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {عُتُلٍّ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ زَنِيمٍ} [القلم 13] قَالَ «يُعْرَفُ بِالشَّرِّ كَمَا تُعْرَفُ الشَّاةُ بِزَنَمَتِهَا»
[Machine] "He recited this verse: 'Preventing good, transgressing and sinful, [He is] crude, and a skeptic thereafter, wicked and arrogant.' So he said, 'I heard the Prophet ﷺ saying, "The people of Hellfire are every arrogant, obstinate braggart, while the people of Paradise are the weak, humble ones."'"
أَنَّهُ تَلَا هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {مَنَّاعٍ} [القلم 13] لِلْخَيْرِ مُعْتَدٍ أَثِيمٍ عُتُلٍّ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ زَنِيمٍ فَقَالَ سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَقُولُ «أَهْلُ النَّارِ كُلُّ جَعْظَرِيٍّ جَوَّاظٍ مُسْتَكْبِرٍ جَمَّاعٍ وَأَهْلُ الْجَنَّةِ الضُّعَفَاءُ الْمَغْلُوبُونَ»
that he (Ibn ʿAbbās) asked regarding ˹Allah's˺ statement ﷻ, 'The day the shin will be exposed' (Qalam 68:42), he said: 'If something is hidden from the Quran for you then seek it in poetry, for it is the dīwān (register) of the Arabs.'
As you've heard the poet saying: [..poetry omitted..], Ibn ʿAbbās said: 'This is the day of distress and severity.'
أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {يَوْمَ يُكْشَفُ عَنْ سَاقٍ} [القلم 42] قَالَ: إِذَا خَفِي عَلَيْكُمْ شَيْءٌ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ فَابْتَغُوهُ فِي الشِّعْرِ فَإِنَّهُ دِيوَانُ الْعَرَبِ۔
أَمَا سَمِعْتُمْ قَوْلَ الشَّاعِرِ [البحر الرجز] اصْبِرْ عَنَاقَ إِنَّهُ شَرٌّ بَاقٍ، قَدْ سَنَّ قَوْمَكَ ضَرْبُ الْأَعْنَاقْ؛ وَقَامَتِ الْحَرْبُ بِنَا عَنْ سَاقْ۔ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ هَذَا يَوْمُ كَرْبٍ وَشِدَّةٍ
23.69 [Machine] The interpretation of Surah Al-Haqqah.
٢٣۔٦٩ تَفْسِيرُ سُورَةِ الْحَاقَّةِ
[Machine] "Mutatābi‘ātin" translates to "successive" in English.
فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {سَخَّرَهَا عَلَيْهِمْ سَبْعَ لَيَالٍ وَثَمَانِيَةَ أَيَّامٍ حُسُومًا} [الحاقة 7] قَالَ «مُتَتَابِعَاتٍ»
[Machine] “They will have upon them dust of humility and disgrace. This is their recompense, the words of Allah Almighty: 'On the Day the faces will be humbled, burdened by dust.'” [Surah Abasa, 41]
فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {وَحُمِلَتِ الْأَرْضُ وَالْجِبَالُ فَدُكَّتَا دَكَّةً وَاحِدَةً} [الحاقة 14] قَالَ يَصِيرَانِ غَبَرَةً عَلَى وُجُوهِ الْكُفَّارِ لَا عَلَى وُجُوهِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ ﷻ {وُجُوهٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَلَيْهَا غَبَرَةٌ تَرْهَقُهَا قَتَرَةٌ} [عبس 41]
[Machine] "Eight angels in the form of wheels, with their rims reaching to their knees, journeyed for a distance of sixty-three years."
فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {وَيَحْمِلُ عَرْشَ رَبِّكَ فَوْقَهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ ثَمَانِيَةٌ} [الحاقة 17] قَالَ «ثَمَانِيَةُ أَمْلَاكٍ عَلَى صُورَةِ الْأَوْعَالِ بَيْنَ أَظْلَافِهِمْ إِلَى رُكَبِهِمْ مَسِيرَةُ ثَلَاثٍ وَسِتِّينَ سَنَةً»
[Machine] We were sitting with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in Al-Bat'ha when a cloud passed by. He looked at it and asked them, "Do you know what this is called?" They said, "Yes, it is called a cloud." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "And it is called Al-Muzn." They said, "And it is called Al-Muzn." He then said, "Do you know what is between the heavens and the earth?" They said, "No." He said, "The distance between them is either one, two, or three seventy years. And above that is the sky, and Allah is above that. Nothing is hidden from Him regarding the actions of the children of Adam. In the seventh heaven, there are eight celestial dwellings, each with spaces between its ridges and joints like the distance between one sky and another."
كُنَّا جُلُوسًا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالْبَطْحَاءِ إِذْ مَرَّتْ سَحَابَةٌ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهَا فَقَالَ لَهُمْ «هَلْ تَدْرُونَ مَا اسْمُ هَذِهِ؟» قَالُوا نَعَمْ هَذِهِ السَّحَابُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «وَالْمُزْنُ» قَالُوا وَالْمُزْنُ قَالَ «وَالْعَنَانَةُ» ثُمَّ قَالَ «تَدْرُونَ مَا بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ؟» قَالُوا لَا قَالَ «فَإِنَّ بُعْدَ مَا بَيْنَهُمَا إِمَّا وَاحِدًا أَوِ اثْنَيْنِ وَإِمَّا ثَلَاثًا وَسَبْعِينَ سَنَةً وَالسَّمَاءُ فَوْقَهَا كَذَلِكَ وَاللَّهُ فَوْقَ ذَلِكَ لَيْسَ يَخْفَى عَلَيْهِ مِنْ أَعْمَالِ بَنِي آدَمَ شَيْءٌ وَفِي السَّمَاءِ السَّابِعَةِ ثَمَانِيَةُ أَوْعَالٍ بَيْنَ أَظْلَافِهِنَّ وَرُكَبِهِنَّ مِثْلُ مَا بَيْنَ سَمَاءٍ إِلَى سَمَاءٍ»
[Machine] Regarding the Prophet ﷺ, in Surah Al-Kahf (29), it is narrated that he said, "Like a drop of water falling from a pitcher, when it is close to it, a portion of his face will fall. Even if a bucket of my washing water is poured onto the earth, it will be sufficient for the people of this world."
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ {بِمَاءٍ كَالْمُهْلِ} [الكهف 29] قَالَ «كَعَكَرِ الزَّيْتِ فَإِذَا قُرِّبَ إِلَيْهِ سَقَطَتْ فَرْوَةُ وَجْهِهِ وَلَوْ أَنَّ دَلْوًا مِنْ غِسْلِينَ يُهَرَاقُ فِي الدُّنْيَا لَأَنْتَنَ بِأَهْلِ الدُّنْيَا»
[Machine] "Then We will cut from it the [life] artery." [Al-Haqqah 46]
{ثُمَّ لَقَطَعْنَا مِنْهُ الْوَتِينَ} [الحاقة 46] قَالَ «نِيَاطُ الْقَلْبِ»
فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {ثُمَّ لَقَطَعْنَا مِنْهُ الْوَتِينَ} [الحاقة 46] قَالَ «هُوَ حَبْلُ الْقَلْبِ الَّذِي فِي الظَّهْرِ»
[Machine] "What are the khātūn? They are khāti'ūn (sinners). What are the ṣābūn? They are ṣābi'ūn."
«مَا الْخَاطُونَ؟ إِنَّمَا هُوَ الْخَاطِئُونَ مَا الصَّابُونَ؟ إِنَّمَا هُوَ الصَّابِئُونَ»
23.70 [Machine] Interpretation of Surah Sa'al - Inquirer
٢٣۔٧٠ تَفْسِيرُ سُورَةِ سَأَلَ سَائِلٌ
[Machine] "O Allah, if this is the truth from You, then rain upon us stones from the sky."
«اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ هَذَا هُوَ الْحَقَّ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ فَأَمْطِرْ عَلَيْنَا حِجَارَةً مِنَ السَّمَاءِ»
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ recited this verse, "So what is [the matter] with those who disbelieve, hastening [from] before you, [O Muhammad], from the right and from the left, in groups? Does every person among them aspire to enter a garden of pleasure? No! Indeed, We have created them from that which they know." Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ spat onto his hand and said, "Allah says, 'O son of Adam, how can you disobey Me when I have created you like this, to the extent that when I have formed you and made you upright, you walked between the flesh and the bone, and for the Earth you are no more than a handful.' This means that you have complaints, so you gather and withhold until you reach the graves, saying, 'Will I give in charity now when the time for giving in charity has come?'"
تَلَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {فَمَالِ لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا قَبَلَكَ مُهْطِعِينَ عَنِ الْيَمِينِ وَعَنِ الشِّمَالِ عِزِينَ أَيَطْمَعُ كُلُّ امْرِئٍ مِنْهُمْ أَنْ يُدْخَلَ جَنَّةَ نَعِيمٍ كَلَّا إِنَّا خَلَقْنَاهُمْ مِمَّا يَعْلَمُونَ} ثُمَّ بَزَقَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى كَفِّهِ فَقَالَ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ أَنَّى تُعْجِزُنِي وَقَدْ خَلَقْتُكَ مِنْ مِثْلِ هَذِهِ حَتَّى إِذَا سَوَّيْتُكَ وَعَدَلْتُكَ مَشَيْتَ بَيْنَ بُرْدَتَيْنِ وَلِلْأَرْضِ مِنْكَ وَئِيدٌ يَعْنِي شَكْوَى فَجَمَعْتَ وَمَنَعْتَ حَتَّى إِذَا بَلَغَتِ التَّرَاقِيَ قُلْتَ «أَتَصَدَّقُ وَأَنَّى أَوَانُ الصَّدَقَةِ»
23.71 [Machine] The Interpretation of Surah Nuh
٢٣۔٧١ تَفْسِيرُ سُورَةِ نُوحٍ
[Machine] "His face is towards the throne, and his feet are on the ground."
«وَجْهُهُ إِلَى الْعَرْشِ وَقَفَاهُ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ»
23.72 [Machine] Explanation of Surah Al-Jinn
٢٣۔٧٢ تَفْسِيرُ سُورَةِ الْجِنِّ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not recite upon the jinn nor did he see them. However, he set out with a group of his companions, intentionally, to the market of `Ukaz, which was blocked off by the Shayateen (devils). The shooting stars were sent upon them, so they returned to their people and said, "What is wrong with you?" They replied, "There is a barrier between us and the news from the heavens, and shooting stars were sent upon us." They said, "This is nothing but something that has happened. So go forth to every corner of the earth and look at what has happened." So, they went forth in all directions, striking the eastern and western parts of the earth, seeking to find out what had happened between them and the news from the sky. When they returned to their people, they said, "Indeed, we have heard a wonderful Quran which guides to righteousness, so we have believed in it and will never associate anything with our Lord. Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, then revealed, "Say: It has been revealed to me that a group of jinn listened and said, 'Indeed, we have heard a wonderful Quran which guides to righteousness, so we have believed in it and will never associate anything with our Lord.'" (Quran, Surah Al-Jinn, ayah 2)
مَا قَرَأَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى الْجِنِّ وَلَا رَآهُمْ وَلَكِنَّهُ انْطَلَقَ مَعَ طَائِفَةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ عَامِدِينَ إِلَى سُوقِ عُكَاظَ وَقَدْ حِيلَ بَيْنَ الشَّيَاطِينِ وَبَيْنَ خَبَرِ السَّمَاءِ وَأُرْسِلَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الشُّهُبُ فَرَجَعُوا إِلَى قَوْمِهِمْ فَقَالُوا مَا لَكُمْ؟ قَالُوا قَدْ حِيلَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ خَبَرِ السَّمَاءِ وَأُرْسِلَتْ عَلَيْنَا الشُّهُبُ قَالُوا مَا هَذَا إِلَّا شَيْءٌ قَدْ حَدَثَ فَاضْرِبُوا مَشَارِقَ الْأَرْضِ وَمَغَارِبَهَا فَانْظُرُوا هَذَا الَّذِي قَدْ حَدَثَ فَانْطَلَقُوا يَضْرِبُونَ مَشَارِقَ الْأَرْضِ وَمَغَارِبَهَا يَبْتَغُونَ مَا هَذَا الَّذِي قَدْ حَالَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ خَبَرِ السَّمَاءِ فَهُنَاكَ حِينَ رَجَعُوا إِلَى قَوْمِهِمْ فَقَالُوا {إِنَّا سَمِعْنَا قُرْآنًا عَجَبًا يَهْدِي إِلَى الرُّشْدِ} [الجن 2] فَآمَنَّا بِهِ وَلَنْ نُشْرِكَ بِرَبِّنَا أَحَدًا فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ﷻ قُلْ أُوحِيَ إِلَيَّ أَنَّهُ اسْتَمَعَ نَفَرٌ مِنَ الْجِنِّ وَإِنَّمَا أُوحِيَ إِلَيْهِ قَوْلُ الْجِنِّ
[Machine] He heard Abdullah bin Mas'ood saying: "Verily, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to his companions while he was in Makkah: 'Whoever of you wants to meet the emissaries of the jinn tonight, let him do so.' None of them (except me) came, so we set out until we reached the highest point in Makkah. He drew a line with his foot and commanded me to sit on it. Then he went on until he stood and began reciting the Quran. A cloud overshadowed him and covered him with so many dark layers that I could not hear his voice. Then they departed and dispersed like pieces of scattered clouds, going away. Only a few of them remained. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ finished praying before dawn and left. He appeared again and asked me, 'What happened to the emissaries?' I replied, 'They are there, O Messenger of Allah.' So he took bones and the dung and gave them to them as provisions. Then he forbade anyone of them to use bones or dung for personal use.'
أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ مَسْعُودٍ يَقُولُ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ لِأَصْحَابِهِ وَهُوَ بِمَكَّةَ «مَنْ أَحَبُّ مِنْكُمْ أَنْ يَحْضُرَ اللَّيْلَةَ أَمْرَ الْجِنِّ فَلْيَفْعَلْ» فَلَمْ يَحْضُرْ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدٌ غَيْرِي فَانْطَلَقْنَا حَتَّى إِذَا كُنَّا بِأَعْلَى مَكَّةَ خَطَّ لِي بِرِجْلِهِ خَطًّا ثُمَّ أَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَجْلِسَ فِيهِ ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ حَتَّى قَامَ فَافْتَتَحَ الْقُرْآنَ فَغَشِيَتْهُ أَسْوِدَةٌ كَثِيرَةٌ حَالَتْ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ حَتَّى مَا أَسْمَعُ صَوْتَهُ ثُمَّ انْطَلِقُوا وَطَفِقُوا يَنْقَطِعُونَ مِثْلَ قِطَعِ السَّحَابِ ذَاهِبِينَ حَتَّى بَقِيَتْ مِنْهُمْ رَهْطٌ وَفَرَغَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَعَ الْفَجْرِ وَانْطَلَقَ فَبَرَزَ ثُمَّ أَتَانِي فَقَالَ «مَا فَعَلَ الرَّهْطُ؟» فَقُلْتُ هُمْ أُولَئِكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَأَخَذَ عَظْمًا وَرَوْثًا فَأَعْطَاهُمْ إِيَّاهُ زَادًا ثُمَّ نَهَى أَنْ يَسْتَطِيبَ أَحَدٌ بِعَظْمٍ أَوْ بِرَوْثٍهو صحيح عند جماعة
[Machine] "Regarding the remembrance of his Lord, he (the disbeliever) will be subjected to an escalating torment." [Quran 17:47] He said, "A mountain in Hell."
عَنْ ذِكْرِ رَبِّهِ يَسْلُكْهُ عَذَابًا صُعُدًا} [الجن 17] قَالَ «جَبَلًا فِي جَهَنَّمَ»
[Machine] "They used to bow and prostrate in their prayer, meaning the jinn."
فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى {كَادُوا يَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِ لِبَدًا} [الجن 19] قَالَ «كَانُوا يَرْكَعُونَ بِرُكُوعِهِ وَيَسْجُدُونَ بِسُجُودِهِ يَعْنِي الْجِنَّ»
23.73 [Machine] Tafsir of Surah Al-Muzzammil
٢٣۔٧٣ تَفْسِيرُ سُورَةِ الْمُزَّمِّلِ
[Machine] About the reading of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , she said, when the verse {O you who wraps himself [in clothing], arise [to pray] the night, except for a little -} [Al-Muzzammil 2] was revealed, they stood in prayer for a year until their feet swelled. So, Allah, the Exalted and Mighty, revealed {So recite what is easy [for you] of the Qur'an. He knew that there would be among you those who are ill.}
عَنْ قِرَاءَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَتْ لَمَّا أُنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِ {يَا أَيُّهَا الْمُزَّمِّلُ قُمِ اللَّيْلَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا} [المزمل 2] قَامُوا سَنَةً حَتَّى وَرِمَتْ أَقْدَامُهُمْ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ﷻ {فَاقْرَءُوا مَا تَيَسَّرَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ عَلِمَ أَنْ سَيَكُونُ مِنْكُمْ مَرْضَى}
[Machine] Regarding the standing of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , she said, "Don't you recite, O Muzammil?" I said, "Yes." She said, "That is his standing (in prayer)."
عَنْ قِيَامِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ «أَلَسْتَ تَقْرَأُ يَا أَيُّهَا الْمُزَّمِّلُ» قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَتْ «هُوَ قِيَامُهُ»
«زُمِّلْتَ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ فَقُمْ بِهِ»
When the opening verses of Surah Al-muzammil was revealed, the Companions would pray as long as they would pray during Ramadan until its last verses were revealed. The period between the revelation of its opening and the last verses was one year. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1305)
لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ أَوَّلُ الْمُزَّمِّلِ كَانُوا يَقُومُونَ نَحْوًا مِنْ قِيَامِهِمْ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ حَتَّى نَزَلَ آخِرُهَا قَالَ وَكَانَ بَيْنَ أَوَّلِهَا وَآخِرِهَا نَحْوًا مِنْ سَنَةٍ
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ used to be on his camel when revelation came down to him, and the camel would lower its back so it couldn't move. This is mentioned in the following verse of the Quran: "Indeed, We will throw upon you a heavy word." [Surah Al-Muzzammil, verse 5]
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ إِذَا أُوحِيَ إِلَيْهِ وَهُوَ عَلَى نَاقَتِهِ وَضَعَتْ جِرَانَهَا فَلَمْ تَسْتَطِعْ أَنْ تَتَحَرَّكْ وَتَلَتْ قَوْلَ اللَّهِ ﷻ {إِنَّا سَنُلْقِي عَلَيْكَ قَوْلًا ثَقِيلًا} [المزمل 5]
[Machine] About Abdullah, he said, "It means in Habashiyyah, the standing of the night." [Al-Muzzammil 6]
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ {إِنَّ نَاشِئَةَ اللَّيْلِ} [المزمل 6] قَالَ «هِيَ بِالْحَبَشِيَّةِ قِيَامُ اللَّيْلِ»
[Machine] "A thorn that is stuck in the throat does not go in nor come out." Regarding His saying: "covered in a tattered garment," [Al-Muzzammil 14], it means "the tattered garment that when you take something from it, another part of it follows, and the thimble is from the sand."
«شَوْكًا يَأْخُذُ بِالْحَلْقِ لَا يَدْخُلُ وَلَا يَخْرُجُ» وَفِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى {كَثِيبًا مَهِيلًا} [المزمل 14] قَالَ «الْمَهِيلُ الَّذِي إِذَا أَخَذْتَ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا تَبِعَكَ آخِرُهُ وَالْكَثِيبُ مِنَ الرَّمْلِ»
23.74 [Machine] The Interpretation of Surah Al-Muddaththir
٢٣۔٧٤ تَفْسِيرُ سُورَةِ الْمُدَّثِّرِ
فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {يَا أَيُّهَا الْمُدَّثِّرُ} [المدثر 1] قَالَ «دُثِّرْتَ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ فَقُمْ بِهِ»
«مِنَ الْإِثْمِ»
"A Bedouin came to the Prophet ﷺ and said: 'What is the Sur?' He said: 'A horn that will be blown into'" (Using translation from Tirmidhī 2430)
جَاءَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ مَا الصُّورُ؟ قَالَ «قَرْنٌ يُنْفَخُ فِيهِ»
عنه الذهبي في التلخيص