23. Book of Quranic Exegesis (Tafsīr)
٢٣۔ كِتَابُ التَّفْسِيرِ
فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {أَوْ أَثَارَةٍ مِنْ عِلْمٍ} [الأحقاف 4] قَالَ «هُوَ الْخَطُّ»
فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {أَوْ أَثَارَةٍ مِنْ عِلْمٍ} [الأحقاف 4] قَالَ «جَوْدَةُ الْخَطِّ» هَذَا زِيَادَةٌ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ غَرِيبَةٌ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ سكت عنه الذهبي في التلخيص
[Machine] About Umm Al-Alaa, the Ansari woman who gave her allegiance to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , she said: "Uthman ibn Mazh'un used to attend social gatherings with us when the Ansar and Muhajireen would meet. She said, "Then he fell sick, so we took care of him until he passed away. We shrouded him in his burial clothes. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered, and I said, "May Allah have mercy on you, Abu Saa'ib." I bear witness that Allah has honored you. The Prophet ﷺ said, "What makes you say that?" She said, "I don't know, by Allah, O Messenger of Allah." He said, "As for him, certainty has approached him, and I hope for him good from Allah." Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ recited the verse: "Say (O Muhammad): 'I am not a new thing (among the Messengers), and I do not know what will be done with me or with you..." (Quran 46:9). Umm Al-Alaa said, "By Allah, I will never praise anyone after him." Umm Al-Alaa said, "I saw a tear running from Uthman's eye while he was asleep. So I went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and mentioned it to him. He said, "That is due to his action."
عَنْ أُمِّ الْعَلَاءِ الْأَنْصَارِيَّةِ وَقَدْ كَانَتْ بَايَعَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَتْ طَارَ لَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ مَظْعُونٍ فِي السُّكْنَى حِينَ أَقْرَعَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ عَلَى سُكْنَى الْمُهَاجِرِينَ قَالَتْ فَاشْتَكَى فَمَرَّضْنَاهُ حَتَّى تُوُفِّيَ حَتَّى جَعَلْنَاهُ فِي أَثْوَابِهِ قَالَتْ فَدَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ رَحِمَكَ اللَّهُ أَبَا السَّائِبِ فَشَهَادَتِي أَنْ قَدْ أَكْرَمَكَ اللَّهُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «وَمَا يُدْرِيكِ؟» قَالَتْ لَا أَدْرِي وَاللَّهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ «أَمَّا هُوَ فَقَدْ جَاءَهُ الْيَقِينُ وَإِنِّي لَأَرْجُو لَهُ الْخَيْرَ مِنَ اللَّهِ» ثُمَّ تَلَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ {قُلْ مَا كُنْتُ بِدَعًا مِنَ الرُّسُلِ وَمَا أَدْرِي مَا يُفْعَلُ بِي وَلَا بِكُمْ} [الأحقاف 9] قَالَتْ أُمُّ الْعَلَاءِ وَاللَّهِ لَا أُزَكِّي أَحَدًا بَعْدَهُ أَبَدًا قَالَتْ أُمُّ الْعَلَاءِ وَرَأَيْتُ لِعُثْمَانَ فِي النَّوْمِ عَيْنًا تَجْرِي لَهُ فَجِئْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ «ذَاكَ عَمَلُهُ يَجْرِي لَهُ»
Sa'd sought permission from Ibn 'Amir, and underneath him was a servant made of silk. He commanded her to be lifted up, so I lifted her up and he entered upon him and underneath him was a bed made of straw. He said to him, "You have sought permission on me, and underneath me is a servant made of silk, so I commanded her to be lifted up." She was then lifted up, and he said to him, "Indeed, you are a noble man, O Ibn 'Amir, if you are not among those whom Allah Almighty has described in the Quran saying, 'Have you exchanged the good things of this worldly life for the Hereafter?' And by Allah, lying on hot embers is more beloved to me than lying on it."
اسْتَأْذَنَ سَعْدٌ عَلَى ابْنِ عَامِرٍ وَتَحْتَهُ مَرَافِقُ مِنْ حَرِيرٍ فَأَمَرَ بِهَا فَرَفَعْتُ فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ وَعَلَيْهِ مُطْرَفُ خَزٍّ فَقَالَ لَهُ اسْتَأْذَنْتَ عَلَيَّ وَتَحْتِي مَرَافِقُ مِنْ حَرِيرٍ فَأَمَرْتُ بِهَا فَرُفِعَتْ فَقَالَ لَهُ نِعْمَ الرَّجُلُ أَنْتَ يَا ابْنَ عَامِرٍ إِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ مِمَّنْ قَالَ اللَّهُ ﷻ {أَذَهَبْتُمْ طَيِّبَاتِكُمْ فِي حَيَاتِكُمُ الدُّنْيَا} [الأحقاف 20] وَاللَّهِ لَأَنْ أَضْطَجِعَ عَلَى جَمْرِ الْغَضَا أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أَضْطَجِعَ عَلَيْهَا
[Machine] "To buy meat for my family with a dirham, so they threw it to him. Umar said, 'You have eaten what you desired, and you bought it. None of you wants his cousin and neighbor to be deprived of this verse: 'Have you taken your pleasures in the life of the world and forgotten the Hereafter?'" [Surah Al-A'raf (46:20), Qasim Wah].
أَنْ أَشْتَرِيَ لِأَهْلِي بِدِرْهَمٍ لَحْمًا فَرَمَوْا إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ أَكُلُّ مَا اشْتَهَيْتُمُ اشْتَرَيْتُمُوهَا مَا يُرِيدُ أَحَدُكُمْ أَنْ يَطْوِيَ بَطْنَهُ لِابْنِ عَمِّهِ وَجَارِهِ أَنْ تَذْهَبَ عَنْكُمْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {أَذَهَبْتُمْ طَيِّبَاتِكُمْ فِي حَيَاتِكُمُ الدُّنْيَا وَاسْتَمْتَعْتُمْ بِهَا} [الأحقاف 20] القاسم واه
[Machine] "What Allah sent upon 'Ad from the wind was nothing but the predetermined punishment of my Lord." This hadith is narrated with an authentic chain according to the conditions of the two Sheikhs (Bukhari and Muslim). They did not include it in their compilations, but Muslim singled out the narration of Mas'ud ibn Malik according to the conditions of Bukhari and Muslim.
«مَا أَرْسَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَى عَادٍ مِنَ الرِّيحِ إِلَّا قَدْرَ خَاتَمِي هَذَا»
I never saw the Messenger of Allah (May peace be upon him) laugh fully to such an extent that I could see his uvula. He would only smile, and when he saw clouds or wind, his face showed signs (of fear). I asked him: Messenger of Allah! When the people see the cloud, they rejoice, hoping for that it may contain rain, and I notice that when you see it, (the signs of) abomination on your face. He replied: ‘A’ishah! What gives me safety from the fact that it might contain punishment? A people were punished by the wind. When those people saw the punishment, they said: this is a cloud which would give us rain. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 5098)
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ «مَا رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَطُّ مُسْتَجْمِعًا ضَاحِكًا حَتَّى أَرَى مِنْهُ لَهَوَاتِهِ إِنَّمَا كَانَ يَبْتَسمُ» قَالَتْ وَكَانَ إِذَا رَأَى غَيْمًا أَوْ رِيحًا عُرِفَ فِي وَجْهِهِ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ النَّاسُ إِذَا رَأَوُا الْغَيْمَ فَرِحُوا أَنْ يَكُونَ فِيهِ الْمَطَرُ وَأَرَاكَ إِذَا رَأَيْتَهُ عُرِفَ فِي وَجْهِكَ الْكَرَاهَةُ قَالَ «يَا عَائِشَةُ وَمَا يُؤَمِّنُنِي أَنْ يَكُونَ فِيهِ عَذَابٌ قَدْ عُذِّبَ قَوْمٌ بِالرِّيحِ وَقَدْ أَتَى قَوْمًا بِالْعَذَابِ» وَتَلَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ {فَلَمَّا رَأَوْهُ عَارِضًا مُسْتَقْبِلَ أَوْدِيَتِهِمْ قَالُوا هَذَا عَارِضٌ مُمْطِرُنَا} [الأحقاف 24] الْآيَةُ
[Machine] They landed on the Prophet ﷺ while he was reciting the Quran in the shade of a palm tree. When they heard him, they said, "Listen!" They said, "Silence!" They were nine, one of them was Zoba'ah. Allah (Glorified and Exalted be He) revealed: "And (remember) when We sent towards you (Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم) a group (of the jinn) to listen to the Qur'an..."; until "...clear misguidance", Surah Al-Imran (3:164). It is an authentic Hadith with a sound chain of narrators and they have not reported it.
هَبَطُوا عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَهُوَ يَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ بِبَطْنِ نَخْلَةَ فَلَمَّا سَمِعُوهُ قَالُوا أَنْصِتُوا قَالُوا صَهٍ وَكَانُوا تِسْعَةً أَحَدُهُمْ زَوْبَعَةُ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ﷻ {وَإِذْ صَرَفْنَا إِلَيْكَ نَفَرًا مِنَ الْجِنِّ يَسْتَمِعُونَ الْقُرْآنَ فَلَمَّا حَضَرُوهُ قَالُوا أَنْصِتُوا} [الأحقاف 29] الْآيَةُ إِلَى {ضَلَالٍ مُبِينٍ} [آل عمران 164]
There are three types of Jinn
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The jinn are of three types: (1) one type has wings and they fly in the air, (2) another type are snakes and dogs, and (3) another type camp ˹at a place˺ and then ˹later˺ move ˹away˺."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «الْجِنُّ ثَلَاثَةُ أَصْنَافٍ صِنْفٌ لَهُمْ أَجْنِحَةٌ يَطِيرُونَ فِي الْهَوَاءِ وَصِنْفٌ حَيَّاتٌ وَكِلَابٌ وَصِنْفٌ يَحِلُّونَ وَيَظْعَنُونَ»