23. Book of Quranic Exegesis (Tafsīr)
٢٣۔ كِتَابُ التَّفْسِيرِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "There are six whom Allah has cursed, and all the prophets have cursed them. They are: the one who adds something to the Book of Allah, the one who denies the divine decree, the one who oppresses with authority to humiliate those whom Allah has honored and to honor those whom Allah has humiliated, the one who abandons my Sunnah, the one who permits what Allah has forbidden, and the one who forbids what Allah has permitted." Sufyan said, "Recite Surah Al-Layl when it falls: 'As for him who gives and fears on Allah, and believes in the best [reward], We will ease him toward ease. But as for him who withholds and considers himself free of need and denies the best [reward], We will ease him toward difficulty'" [Quran 92:5-10]. Abu Ali reported it with a sound chain of narrators that I fear I have mentioned it before. Adh-Dhahabi remained silent about summarizing it in this context.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «سِتَّةٌ لَعَنْتُهُمْ وَلَعَنَهُمُ اللَّهُ وَكُلُّ نَبِيٍّ مُجَابٌ الزَّائِدُ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَالْمُكَذِّبُ بِقَدَرِ اللَّهِ وَالْمُتَسَلِّطُ بِالْجَبَرُوتِ لِيُذِلَّ مَنْ أَعَزِّ اللَّهُ وَيُعِزَّ مَنْ أَذَلَّ اللَّهُ وَالتَّارِكُ لِسُنَّتِي وَالْمُسْتَحِلُّ مِنْ عِتْرَتِي مَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ وَالْمُسْتَحِلُّ لِحَرَمِ اللَّهِ» قَالَ سُفْيَانُ اقْرَءُوا سُورَةَ واللَّيْلِ إِذَا يَغْشَى {فَأَمَّا مَنْ أَعْطَى وَاتَّقَى وَصَدَّقَ بِالْحُسْنَى فَسَنُيَسِّرُهُ لِلْيُسْرَى وَأَمَّا مَنْ بَخِلَ وَاسْتَغْنَى وَكَذَّبَ بِالْحُسْنَى فَسَنُيَسِّرُهُ لِلْعُسْرَى} [الليل 6] «هَكَذَا حَدَّثَنَاهُ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ وَلَهُ إِسْنَادٌ صَحِيحٌ أَخْشَى أَنِّي ذَكَرْتُهُ فِيمَا تَقَدَّمَ» سكت عنه الذهبي في التلخيص في هذا الموضع
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, may peace be upon him, said: "There are six people whom Allah has cursed, and every prophet is heard (in their supplication). They are: the one who adds to the Book of Allah, the one who denies the decree of Allah, the one who oppresses with tyranny to humiliate those whom Allah has honored and to honor those whom Allah has humiliated, the one who permits what Allah has forbidden, the one who permits what is forbidden of my family, and the one who abandons my Sunnah." Imam Bukhari has cited the arguments of Ishaq bin Muhammad al-Farwi and Abdul Rahman bin Abi al-Rijal in his book Sahih, and this is more correct than the first chain of narration.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «سِتَّةٌ لَعَنْتُهُمْ وَلَعَنَهُمُ اللَّهُ وَكُلُّ نَبِيٍّ مُجَابٌ؛ الزَّائِدُ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَالْمُكَذِّبُ بِأَقْدَارِ اللَّهِ وَالْمُتَسَلِّطُ بِالْجَبَرُوتِ لِيُذِلَّ مَنْ أَعَزَّ اللَّهُ وَيُعِزَّ مَنْ أَذَلَّ اللَّهُ وَالْمُسْتَحِلُّ لِحَرَمِ اللَّهِ وَالْمُسْتَحِلُّ مِنْ عِتْرَتِي مَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ وَالتَّارِكُ لِسُنَّتِي» قَدِ احْتَجَّ الْإِمَامُ الْبُخَارِيُّ بِإِسْحَاقَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْفَرْوِيِّ وَعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي الرِّجَالِ فِي الْجَامِعِ الصَّحِيحِ وَهَذَا أَوْلَى بِالصَّوَابِ مِنَ الْإِسْنَادِ الْأَوَّلِ
[Machine] Abu Quhafa, to Abu Bakr, I see that you are freeing weak slaves. If only you had freed strong men who would defend and support you! Abu Bakr replied, "Oh father, I only desire what I desire because these verses were revealed about it: '[He] who gives [from] his wealth to purify himself. And not [giving] for anyone who has [done him] a favor to be rewarded. But only seeking the countenance of his Lord, Most High. And he is going to be satisfied.'" [Al-Layl 6] until His saying, the Exalted: "And there is not for any person any blessing from his Lord but that it is accounted for him. But [even so], you will not be satisfied." [Al-Layl 19].
أَبُو قُحَافَةَ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ أَرَاكَ تُعْتَقُ رِقَابًا ضِعَافًا فَلَوْ أَنَّكَ إِذْ فَعَلْتَ مَا فَعَلْتَ أَعْتَقَتْ رِجَالًا جَلْدًا يَمْنَعُونَكَ وَيَقُومُونَ دُونَكَ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَا أَبَتِ إِنِّي إِنَّمَا أُرِيدُ مَا أُرِيدُ لِمَا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَاتُ فِيهِ {فَأَمَّا مَنْ أَعْطَى وَاتَّقَى وَصَدَّقَ بِالْحُسْنَى فَسَنُيَسِّرُهُ لِلْيُسْرَى} [الليل 6] إِلَى قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {وَمَا لِأَحَدٍ عِنْدَهُ مِنْ نِعْمَةٍ تُجْزَى إِلَّا ابْتِغَاءَ وَجْهِ رَبِّهِ الْأَعْلَى وَلَسَوْفَ يَرْضَى} [الليل 19]