23. Book of Quranic Exegesis (Tafsīr)
٢٣۔ كِتَابُ التَّفْسِيرِ
فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {يَا أَيُّهَا الْمُدَّثِّرُ} [المدثر 1] قَالَ «دُثِّرْتَ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ فَقُمْ بِهِ»
«مِنَ الْإِثْمِ»
"A Bedouin came to the Prophet ﷺ and said: 'What is the Sur?' He said: 'A horn that will be blown into'" (Using translation from Tirmidhī 2430)
جَاءَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ مَا الصُّورُ؟ قَالَ «قَرْنٌ يُنْفَخُ فِيهِ»
عنه الذهبي في التلخيص
[Machine] "Al-Walid ibn al-Mughira came to the Prophet ﷺ and he recited the Qur'an to him. It affected him deeply and Abu Jahl heard about it and came to him. He said, 'O uncle, your people think about gathering wealth for you.' He asked, 'Why?' Abu Jahl replied, 'So that they can give it to you, as you have come to Muhammad to seek his favor.' He said, 'The Quraysh already know that I am one of the wealthiest among them.' Abu Jahl said, 'Then say something that will alarm your people, that you reject it or that you dislike it.' He replied, 'By Allah, there is not a man among you who knows more poetry than I, nor do I know any man who knows more rhymes or verses than I do. By Allah, there is no similarity to what he says in anything else. By Allah, his words are sweeter, more eloquent, and more fruitful than any other. It humbles what is beneath it and rises above it, and nothing rises above it. It breaks what is beneath it.' Abu Jahl said, 'Your people will not be pleased with you until you say something about it.' He replied, 'Leave me until I think about it.' When he thought about it, he said, 'This is magic that is preferred and surpasses everything else.' So the verse was revealed, 'Leave Me with the one whom I created alone' (Qur'an 74:11)."
أَنَّ الْوَلِيدَ بْنَ الْمُغِيرَةِ جَاءَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَرَأَ عَلَيْهِ الْقُرْآنَ فَكَأَنَّهُ رَقَّ لَهُ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ أَبَا جَهْلٍ فَأَتَاهُ فَقَالَ يَا عَمُّ إِنَّ قَوْمَكَ يَرَوْنَ أَنْ يَجْمَعُوا لَكَ مَالًا قَالَ لَمَ؟ قَالَ لِيُعْطُوكَهُ فَإِنَّكَ أَتَيْتَ مُحَمَّدًا لِتُعْرِضَ لِمَا قِبَلَهُ قَالَ قَدْ عَلِمَتْ قُرَيْشٌ أَنِّي مِنْ أَكْثَرِهَا مَالًا قَالَ فَقُلْ فِيهِ قَوْلًا يَبْلُغُ قَوْمَكَ أَنَّكَ مُنْكِرٌ لَهُ أَوْ أَنَّكَ كَارِهٌ لَهُ قَالَ وَمَاذَا أَقُولُ «فَوَاللَّهِ مَا فِيكُمْ رَجُلٌ أَعْلَمَ بِالْأَشْعَارِ مِنِّي وَلَا أَعْلَمَ بِرَجَزٍ وَلَا بِقَصِيدَةٍ مِنِّي وَلَا بِأَشْعَارِ الْجِنِّ وَاللَّهِ مَا يُشْبِهُ الَّذِي يَقُولُ شَيْئًا مِنْ هَذَا وَوَاللَّهِ إِنَّ لِقَوْلِهِ الَّذِي يَقُولُ حَلَاوَةً وَإِنَّ عَلَيْهِ لَطَلَاوَةً وَإِنَّهُ لَمُثْمِرٌ أَعْلَاهُ مُغْدِقٌ أَسْفَلُهُ وَإِنَّهُ لَيَعْلُو وَمَا يُعْلَى وَإِنَّهُ لَيَحْطِمُ مَا تَحْتَهُ» قَالَ لَا يَرْضَى عَنْكَ قَوْمُكَ حَتَّى تَقُولَ فِيهِ قَالَ فَدَعْنِي حَتَّى أُفَكِّرَ فَلَمَّا فَكَّرَ قَالَ هَذَا سِحْرٌ يُؤْثَرُ يَأْثُرُهُ مِنْ غَيْرِهِ فَنَزَلَتْ {ذَرْنِي وَمَنْ خَلَقْتُ وَحِيدًا} [المدثر 11]
[Machine] Narrated by the Prophet ﷺ, "Woe to the [bottom of] a valley in Hell, where the disbeliever falls for forty autumns before reaching its depth. And the ascent is a mountain in the Fire, where one climbs for seventy autumns, and then falls, and it is the same."
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «الْوَيْلُ وَادٍ فِي جَهَنَّمَ يَهْوِي فِيهِ الْكَافِرُ أَرْبَعِينَ خَرِيفًا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَبْلُغَ قَعْرَهُ وَالصَّعُودُ جَبَلٌ فِي النَّارِ فَيَتَصَعَّدُ فِيهِ سَبْعِينَ خَرِيفًا ثُمَّ يَهْوِي وَهُوَ كَذَلِكَ»
[Machine] From Ali in his saying, exalted is He (Allah), "Every soul, for what it has earned, will be held in pledge, except the companions of the right." [Al-Muddaththir 39]. He said, "They are the children of the Muslims."
عَنْ عَلِيٍّ فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {كُلُّ نَفْسٍ بِمَا كَسَبَتْ رَهِينَةٌ إِلَّا أَصْحَابَ الْيَمِينِ} [المدثر 39] قَالَ «هُمْ أَطْفَالُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ»
[Machine] From Abu Musa, regarding His saying - exalted be He - "So they ran away from al-Qaswara" [Al-Muddaththir 51], he said, "Al-Qaswara refers to the men of hunting, the archers."
عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {فَرَّتْ مِنْ قَسْوَرَةٍ} [المدثر 51] قَالَ «الْقَسْوَرَةُ الرُّمَاةُ رِجَالُ الْقَنْصِ»
[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ recite, "And you do not will except that Allah wills. Indeed, Allah is ever Knowing and Wise. He admits whom He wills into His mercy."[Quran 2:105] He said, "Your Lord says, 'I am worthy of being feared, that I should have another deity with Me, while I am worthy of being worshipped by those who fear Me, that I should have another deity with them, that I should forgive him.'"
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَرَأَ {وَمَا تَشَاءُونَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشَاءَ اللَّهُ هُوَ أَهْلُ التَّقْوَى وَأَهْلُ الْمَغْفِرَةِ} قَالَ يَقُولُ رَبُّكُمْ ﷻ أَنَا أَهْلٌ أَنْ أُتَّقَى أَنْ يَجْعَلَ مَعِي إِلَهًا آخَرَ وَأَنَا أَهْلٌ لِمَنِ اتَّقَى أَنْ يَجْعَلَ مَعِي إِلَهًا آخَرَ أَنْ أَغْفِرَ لَهُ