23. Book of Quranic Exegesis (Tafsīr)
٢٣۔ كِتَابُ التَّفْسِيرِ
[Machine] Abu Bakr as-Siddiq asked the Prophet (pbuh), "What has made you gray?" The Prophet (pbuh) replied, "Surah Hud, Al-Waqi'ah, Al-Mursalat, and Amma Yatasa'aloon, and when the sun is wrapped up in darkness."
أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ سَأَلْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ مَا شَيَّبَكَ؟ قَالَ «سُورَةُ هُودٍ وَالْوَاقِعَةُ وَالْمُرْسَلَاتُ وَعَمَّ يَتَسَاءَلُونَ وَإِذَا الشَّمْسُ كُوِّرَتْ»
[Machine] The companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to say, "Verily, Allah benefits us through the Arabs and their issues." An Arab Bedouin came forward one day and said, "O Messenger of Allah, indeed Allah mentions in the Quran a harmful tree, and I did not think that in Paradise there would be a tree that harms its owner." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked, "And what is it?" The Bedouin replied, "Al-Sidr (the lote tree), for it has thorns." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "{In a position which is neither ascendant nor descending} [Al-Waqi'ah 28]. Allah takes away its thorns and turns every thorn into a fruit. And indeed, it grows fruit that ripens with seventy-two different colors, and there is no color like the other." This hadith has a correct chain of narrators, but it has not been documented in a book.
كَانَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُونَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَنْفَعُنَا بِالْأَعْرَابِ وَمَسَائِلِهِمْ أَقْبَلَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ يَوْمًا فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ ذَكَرَ اللَّهُ فِي الْقُرْآنِ شَجَرَةً مُؤْذِيَةً وَمَا كُنْتُ أَرَى أَنَّ فِي الْجَنَّةِ شَجَرَةٌ تُؤْذِي صَاحِبَهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «وَمَا هِيَ؟» قَالَ السِّدْرُ فَإِنَّ لَهَا شَوْكًا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ {فِي سِدْرٍ مَخْضُودٍ} [الواقعة 28] يَخْضِدُ اللَّهُ شَوْكَهُ فَيُجْعَلُ مَكَانَ كُلِّ شَوْكَةٍ ثَمَرَةٌ فَإِنَّهَا تُنْبِتُ ثَمَرًا تُفْتَقُ الثَّمَرَةُ مَعَهَا عَنِ اثْنَيْنِ وَسَبْعِينَ لَوْنًا مَا مِنْهَا لَوْنٌ يُشْبِهُ الْآخَرَ «صَحِيحُ الْإِسْنَادِ وَلَمْ يُخَرِّجَاهُ» صحيح
[Machine] "Min dukhanin aswad" translates to "From black smoke" in English.
«مِنْ دُخَانٍ أَسْوَدَ»
[Machine] "But you, O Lord, are threefold." Then he recited, "Have you seen what you sow? Is it you who sows it, or are We the ones who sow?" (Al-Waqi'a 63) He said, "Nay, but you, O Lord, nay, but you, O Lord, nay, but you, O Lord." Then he recited, "Have you seen the water you drink? Is it you who send it down from the clouds, or are We the ones who send it down?" (Al-Waqi'a 68) He said, "Nay, but you, O Lord, nay, but you, O Lord, nay, but you, O Lord." Then he recited, "Have you seen the fire that you kindle? Is it you who cause its tree to grow, or are We the ones who cause it to grow?" He said, "Nay, but you, O Lord, nay, but you, O Lord, nay, but you, O Lord."
بَلْ أَنْتَ يَا رَبِّ ثَلَاثًا ثُمَّ قَرَأَ {أَفَرَأَيْتُمْ مَا تَحْرُثُونَ أَأَنْتُمْ تَزْرَعُونَهُ أَمْ نَحْنُ الزَّارِعُونَ} [الواقعة 63] قَالَ بَلْ أَنْتَ يَا رَبِّ بَلْ أَنْتَ يَا رَبِّ بَلْ أَنْتَ يَا رَبِّ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ {أَفَرَأَيْتُمُ الْمَاءَ الَّذِي تَشْرَبُونَ أَأَنْتُمْ أَنْزَلْتُمُوهُ مِنَ الْمُزْنِ أَمْ نَحْنُ الْمُنْزِلُونَ} [الواقعة 68] قَالَ بَلْ أَنْتَ يَا رَبِّ ثَلَاثًا ثُمَّ قَرَأَ {أَفَرَأَيْتُمُ النَّارَ الَّتِي تُورُونَ أَأَنْتُمْ أَنْشَأْتُمْ شَجَرَتَهَا أَمْ نَحْنُ الْمُنْشِئُونَ} قَالَ بَلْ أَنْتَ يَا رَبِّ ثَلَاثًا
[Machine] The Quran was revealed in its entirety from the upper heaven to the lower heaven in one night, and then it was revealed gradually over the years. He (Prophet Muhammad) recited this verse: "So I swear by the positions of the stars" [Al-Waqi'ah 75]. He (Prophet Muhammad) said, "It was revealed in separate parts."
أُنْزِلَ الْقُرْآنُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ الْعُلْيَا إِلَى السَّمَاءِ الدُّنْيَا جُمْلَةً وَاحِدَةً ثُمَّ فُرِقَ فِي السِّنِينَ قَالَ وَتَلَا هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {فَلَا أُقْسِمُ بِمَوَاقِعِ النُّجُومِ} [الواقعة 75] قَالَ «نَزَلَ مُتَفَرِّقًا»
[Machine] We were with Salman, then he left for a need and disappeared from us. Then he came back to us, and there was no water between us and him. We said to him, "O Abu Abdullah, if you perform ablution, we will ask you about some things from the Quran." He replied, "Ask me, for I am not in a state of impurity." He then recited, "Indeed, it is a noble Quran in a hidden Book. None touch it except the purified ones." [Surah Al-Waqi'ah, verse 78].
كُنَّا مَعَ سَلْمَانَ فَانْطَلَقَ إِلَى حَاجَةٍ فَتَوَارَى عَنَّا ثُمَّ خَرَجَ إِلَيْنَا وَلَيْسَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُ مَاءٌ قَالَ فَقُلْنَا لَهُ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ لَوْ تَوَضَّأْتَ فَسَأَلْنَاكَ عَنْ أَشْيَاءَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ قَالَ فَقَالَ «سَلُوا فَإِنِّي لَسْتُ أَمَسُّهُ» فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا يَمَسُّهُ الْمُطَهَّرُونَ ثُمَّ تَلَا {إِنَّهُ لَقُرْآنٌ كَرِيمٌ فِي كِتَابٍ مَكْنُونٍ لَا يَمَسُّهُ إِلَّا الْمُطَهَّرُونَ} [الواقعة 78]
When "Glorify the name of your mighty Lord" was revealed, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Use it when bowing, and when "Glorify the name of your most high Lord" was revealed, he said: Use it when prostrating yourself. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 869)
لَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «اجْعَلُوهَا فِي رُكُوعِكُمْ» فَلَمَّا نَزَلَتْ {سَبِّحِ اسْمَ رَبِّكَ الْأَعْلَى} [الأعلى 1] فَقَالَ «اجْعَلُوهَا فِي سُجُودِكُمْ»