23. Book of Quranic Exegesis (Tafsīr)
٢٣۔ كِتَابُ التَّفْسِيرِ
[Machine] When Surah Al-An'am was revealed, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ glorified and then said, "This Surah has gathered a multitude of angels that fill the horizons."
لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ سُورَةُ الْأَنْعَامِ سَبَّحَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ قَالَ «لَقَدْ شَيَّعَ هَذِهِ السُّورَةَ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ مَا سَدَّ الْأُفُقَ»
[Machine] "They have two periods: the term of this worldly life and a term in the Hereafter, with a fixed time determined by Him alone. No one knows it except Allah. And His words: 'And even if We had sent down to you a written scripture on a page and they touched it with their hands' [Surah Al-An'am 6:7] - He said: They touched it and looked at it, but they did not believe in it."
هُمَا أَجَلَانِ أَجَلُ الدُّنْيَا وَأَجَلٌ فِي الْآخِرَةِ مُسَمًّى عِنْدَهُ لَا يَعْلَمُهُ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَقَوْلُهُ {وَلَوْ نَزَّلْنَا عَلَيْكَ كِتَابًا فِي قِرْطَاسٍ فَلَمَسُوهُ بِأَيْدِيهِمْ} [الأنعام 7] قَالَ مَسُّوهُ وَنَظَرُوا إِلَيْهِ لَمْ يُؤْمِنُوا بِهِ
[Machine] She stayed in the house of Abu Talib, who used to forbid the polytheists from harming the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and kept himself away from what he had brought.
نَزَلَتْ فِي أَبِي طَالِبٍ كَانَ يَنْهَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ أَنْ يُؤْذُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَيَتَبَاعَدُ عَمَّا جَاءَ بِهِ صحيح
[Machine] It descended upon Abu Talib, he was "Forbidding the polytheists from harming him and keeping away from him." The narration of Hamza bin Habib is authentic according to the criteria of the two Sheikhs, and they did not exclude it.
نَزَلَتْ فِي أَبِي طَالِبٍ كَانَ «يَنْهَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ أَنْ يُؤْذُوهُ وَيَنْأَى عَنْهُ» حَدِيثُ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ صَحِيحٌ عَلَى شَرْطِ الشَّيْخَيْنِ وَلَمْ يُخْرِجَاهُ
[Machine] "O Muhammad, we know that you maintain family ties and speak the truth, and we do not consider you a liar. However, we reject the message that you have brought. So Allah, the Almighty, revealed: 'We know that what they say grieves you. Indeed, they do not deny you [Muhammad], but it is the verses of Allah that the wrongdoers reject.'" [Surah Al-An'am, verse 33]
أَبُو جَهْلٍ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَدْ نَعْلَمُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَنَّكَ تَصِلُ الرَّحِمَ وَتَصْدُقُ الْحَدِيثَ وَلَا نُكَذِّبُكَ وَلَكِنْ نُكَذِّبُ الَّذِي جِئْتَ بِهِ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ﷻ {قَدْ نَعْلَمُ إِنَّهُ لَيَحْزُنُكَ الَّذِي يَقُولُونَ فَإِنَّهُمْ لَا يُكَذِّبُونَكَ وَلَكِنَّ الظَّالِمِينَ بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِ يَجْحَدُونَ} [الأنعام 33]
[Machine] Abu Huraira said about the saying of Allah Almighty {Nations like you} [Al-An'am: 38], "All creatures will be gathered on the Day of Judgment: animals, beasts, birds, and everything. Then, Allah's justice will extend to the extent that He will take vengeance for the horned animals from those who wronged them. Then He will say, 'Be dust.' That is what the disbeliever will say, 'I wish I was dust.' " Jafar al-Jizri is the son of Burqan, who was cited as evidence by a Muslim, and it is authentic according to his conditions, and it has not been rejected.
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {أُمَمٌ أَمْثَالُكُمْ} [الأنعام 38] قَالَ يُحْشَرُ الْخَلْقُ كُلُّهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ الْبَهَائِمُ وَالدَّوَابُّ وَالطَّيْرُ وَكُلُّ شَيْءٍ فَيَبْلُغُ مِنْ عَدْلِ اللَّهِ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ لِلْجَمَّاءِ مِنَ الْقَرْنَاءِ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ كُونِي تُرَابًا فَذَلِكَ {يَقُولُ الْكَافِرُ يَا لَيْتَنِي كُنْتُ تُرَابًا} [النبأ 40] «جَعْفَرٌ الْجِذْرِيُّ هَذَا هُوَ ابْنُ بُرْقَانَ قَدِ احْتَجَّ بِهِ مُسْلِمٌ وَهُوَ صَحِيحٌ عَلَى شَرْطِهِ وَلَمْ يُخْرِجَاهُ» على شرط مسلم
[Machine] "This is in Ibrahim and his companions, it is not in this Ummah."
«هَذِهِ فِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَأَصْحَابِهِ لَيْسَتْ فِي هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ»
[Machine] "The settled (meaning a fetus) is what was in the womb, whether it is alive or has already died, and the entrusted is what is in the grave."
فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {يَعْلَمُ مُسْتَقَرَّهَا وَمُسْتَوْدَعَهَا} [هود 6] قَالَ «الْمُسْتَقَرُّ مَا كَانَ فِي الرَّحِمِ مِمَّا هُوَ حَيٌّ وَمِمَّا هُوَ قَدْ مَاتَ وَالْمُسْتَوْدَعُ مَا فِي الصُّلْبِ»
[Machine] Oh, for your mother! That is his light, and he is his light. When he manifests with his light, nothing can reach him.
أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ هَلْ رَأَى مُحَمَّدٌ رَبَّهُ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ رَأَى كَأَنَّ قَدَمَيْهِ عَلَى خَضِرَةٍ دُونَهُ سِتْرٌ مِنْ لُؤْلُؤٍ فَقُلْتُ يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ أَلَيْسَ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ {لَا تُدْرِكُهُ الْأَبْصَارُ وَهُوَ يُدْرِكُ الْأَبْصَارَ} [الأنعام 103] قَالَ يَا لَا أُمَّ لَكَ ذَاكَ نُورُهُ وَهُوَ نُورُهُ إِذَا تَجَلَّى بِنُورِهِ لَا يُدْرِكُهُ شَيْءٌ
[Machine] The cargo is what a camel and the small rugs carried.
الْحَمُولَةُ مَا حَمَلَ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ وَالْفَرْشُ الصِّغَارُ
the Messenger of Allah forbade (the flesh of) domesticated donkeys on the Day of Khaibar. (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4336)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ «نَهَى عَنْ لُحُومِ الْحُمُرِ الْأَهْلِيَّةِ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ» على شرط البخاري ومسلم
[Machine] Ibn Abbas, weakness, and stupidity are part of fate.
ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَالْعَجْزُ وَالْكَيْسُ مِنَ الْقَدْرِ
[Machine] I heard Ibn Abbas saying, "Indeed, in the animals there are firm signs, which are the mother of the Book." Then he recited the verse, "{Say, 'Come, I will recite what your Lord has prohibited to you'}" [Al-An'am 151].
سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ يَقُولُ إِنَّ فِي الْأَنْعَامِ آيَاتٍ مُحْكَمَاتٍ هُنَّ أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ {قُلْ تَعَالَوْا أَتْلُ مَا حَرَّمَ رَبُّكُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ} [الأنعام 151] الْآيَةُ
When Allah, Most High, revealed the verses: "Come not nigh to the orphan's property except to improve it". And "Those who unjustly eat up the property of orphans", everyone who had an orphan with him went and separated his food from his (orphan's) food, and his drink from his drink, and began to detain the remaining food which he (the orphan) himself ate or spoiled. This fell heavy on them, and they mentioned this to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. So Allah, Most High, revealed the verse: "They ask thee concerning orphans. Say: The best thing to do is what is for their good; if ye mix their affairs with yours, they are your brethren." Then they mixed their food with his food and their drink with his drink. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2871)
لَمَّا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ {وَلَا تَقْرَبُوا مَالَ الْيَتِيمِ إِلَّا بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ} [الأنعام 152] {إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَأْكُلُونَ أَمْوَالَ الْيَتَامَى ظُلْمًا إِنَّمَا يَأْكُلُونَ فِي بُطُونِهِمْ نَارًا وَسَيَصْلَوْنَ سَعِيرًا} [النساء 10] انْطَلَقَ مَنْ كَانَ عِنْدَهُ يَتِيمٌ فَعَزَلَ طَعَامَهُ مِنْ طَعَامِهِ وَشَرَابَهُ مِنْ شَرَابِهِ فَجَعَلَ يَفْضُلُ الشَّيْءُ مِنْ طَعَامِهِ فَيُحْبَسُ لَهُ حَتَّى يَأْكُلَهُ أَوْ يَفْسَدَ فَاشْتَدَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَذَكَرُوا ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ﷻ {يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْيَتَامَى قُلْ إِصْلَاحٌ لَهُمْ خَيْرٌ وَإِنْ تُخَالِطُوهُمْ فَإِخْوَانُكُمْ} [البقرة 220] فَخَلَطُوا طَعَامَهُمْ بِطَعَامِهِمْ وَشَرَابَهُمْ بِشَرَابِهِمْ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever pledges allegiance to me based on these verses," and then he recited: {Say: "Come, I will recite what your Lord has prohibited for you"} [Al-An'am 151], until he finished reciting the three verses. "Whoever fulfills their pledge, their reward is upon Allah. Whoever falls short in anything, Allah will hold them accountable for it in this world. And whoever delays their accountability until the Hereafter, their matter is in the hands of Allah - if He wills, He will punish them, and if He wills, He will forgive them."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَنْ يُبَايِعُنِي عَلَى هَذِهِ الْآيَاتِ» ثُمَّ قَرَأَ {قُلْ تَعَالَوْا أَتْلُ مَا حَرَّمَ رَبُّكُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ} [الأنعام 151] حَتَّى خَتَمَ الْآيَاتِ الثَّلَاثَ فَمَنْ وَفَّى فَأَجْرُهُ عَلَى اللَّهِ وَمَنِ انْتَقَصَ شَيْئًا أَدْرَكَهُ اللَّهُ بِهَا فِي الدُّنْيَا كَانَتْ عُقُوبَتَهُ وَمَنْ أَخَّرَ إِلَى الْآخِرَةِ كَانَ أَمْرُهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ إِنْ شَاءَ عَذَّبَهُ وَإِنْ شَاءَ غَفَرَ لَهُ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ drew a line for us, then he drew lines on his right and left. Then he said, "This is the way of Allah, and these are different paths, on every path there is a devil calling towards it." [And, "This is My path, which is straight, so follow it, and do not follow other paths, for they will lead you away from His path."] (Surah Al-An'am, 153)
خَطَّ لَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَطًّا ثُمَّ خَطَّ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَعَنْ شِمَالِهِ خُطُوطًا ثُمَّ قَالَ هَذَا سَبِيلُ اللَّهِ وَهَذِهِ السُّبُلُ عَلَى كُلِّ سَبِيلٍ مِنْهَا شَيْطَانٌ يَدْعُو إِلَيْهِ {وَأَنَّ هَذَا صِرَاطِي مُسْتَقِيمًا فَاتَّبِعُوهُ وَلَا تَتَّبِعُوا السُّبُلَ فَتَفَرَّقَ بِكُمْ عَنْ سَبِيلِهِ} [الأنعام 153]