23. Book of Quranic Exegesis (Tafsīr)
٢٣۔ كِتَابُ التَّفْسِيرِ
[Machine] "If we inform you of a narration, we bring to you its confirmation in the Book of Allah. Verily, when the servant says, 'Subhan Allah', 'Alhamdulillah', 'La ilaha illa Allah', 'Allahu Akbar', and 'Tabarak Allah', a angel takes hold of them, gathers them under his wing, and ascends with them until he does not pass by any gathering of angels except that they seek forgiveness for the one who said them until he is taken to the presence of the Most Merciful. Then Abdullah (the Prophet) recited, 'To Him ascends good speech, and righteous work raises it' (35:10)."
إِذَا حَدَّثْنَاكُمْ بِحَدِيثٍ أَتَيْنَاكُمْ بِتَصْدِيقِ ذَلِكَ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ إِنَّ الْعَبْدَ إِذَا قَالَ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ وَالْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ وَلَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَاللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ وَتَبَارَكَ اللَّهُ قَبَضَ عَلَيْهِنَّ مَلَكٌ فَضَمَّهُنَّ تَحْتَ جَنَاحِهِ وَصَعِدَ بِهِنَّ لَا يَمُرُّ بِهِنَّ عَلَى جَمْعٍ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ إِلَّا اسْتَغْفَرُوا لِقَائِلِهِنَّ حَتَّى يَجِيءَ بِهِنَّ وَجْهَ الرَّحْمَنِ ثُمَّ تَلَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ {إِلَيْهِ يَصْعَدُ الْكَلِمُ الطَّيِّبُ وَالْعَمَلُ الصَّالِحُ يَرْفَعْهُ} [فاطر 10]
[Machine] "I accompanied my father towards the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , and my father greeted him and we sat for an hour and had a conversation. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked my father, 'Is this your son?' He replied, 'Yes, by the Lord of the Kaaba.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'Indeed.' He then said, 'I bear witness to him.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ smiled, delighted by the resemblance between me and my father and by my father's oath about it. Then he said, 'Indeed, your son will neither harm you nor be harmed by you.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ recited the verse, 'No bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another' [Surah An-Najm: 38] until the end of the verse 'This is a warner of the warners of old' [Surah An-Najm: 56]. 'The chain of narrators is authentic, but they did not mention it in any of their books.'"
(Note: The translation provided is an interpretation of the given text, as it includes some cultural and religious references.)
انْطَلَقْتُ مَعَ أَبِي نَحْوَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ أَبِي وَجَلَسْنَا سَاعَةً فَتَحَدَّثْنَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِأَبِي «ابْنُكَ هَذَا؟» قَالَ إِي وَرَبِّ الْكَعْبَةِ قَالَ «حَقًّا» قَالَ أَشْهَدُ بِهِ فَتَبَسَّمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ ضَاحِكًا مِنْ ثَبَتِ شَبَهِي بِأَبِي وَمِنْ حَلِفِ أَبِي عَلَى ذَلِكَ قَالَ ثُمَّ قَالَ «أَمَا إِنَّ ابْنَكَ هَذَا لَا يَجْنِي عَلَيْكَ وَلَا تَجْنِي عَلَيْهِ» قَالَ وَقَرَأَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ {أَلَّا تَزِرُ وَازِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرَى} [النجم 38] إِلَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى {هَذَا نَذِيرٌ مِنَ النُّذُرِ الْأُولَى} [النجم 56] «صَحِيحُ الْإِسْنَادِ وَلَمْ يُخْرِجَاهُ» صحيح
[Machine] "When the Surah of "Glorify the name of your Lord, the Most High" was revealed, the Prophet said, 'All of it is in the scriptures of Ibrahim.' Then, when the Surah of "By the star when it descends" was revealed, he continued reciting until he reached the verse "And Ibrahim, who fulfilled [his obligations]" (Surah An-Najm, 37). He then recited until [the verse] "No bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another" (Surah An-Najm, 38) until the verse "This is a warner of the warners of [former] times." (Surah An-Najm, 56)."
لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ سَبِّحِ اسْمَ رَبِّكَ الْأَعْلَى قَالَ «كُلُّهَا فِي صُحُفِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ» فَلَمَّا نَزَلَتْ وَالنَّجْمِ إِذَا هَوَى فَبَلَغَ {وَإِبْرَاهِيمَ الَّذِي وَفَّى} [النجم 37] قَالَ وَفِي {أَلَّا تَزِرُ وَازِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرَى} [النجم 38] إِلَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى {هَذَا نَذِيرٌ مِنَ النُّذُرِ الْأُولَى} [النجم 56]
[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say regarding His statement, Exalted and Majestic is He, "So among them is one who wrongs himself, and among them is one who is balanced, and among them is one who outstrips in [good] deeds." [Quran 35:32] He said, "The one who outstrips and the one who is balanced will enter Paradise without being held to account, and the one who wrongs himself will be held to a slight account and then enter Paradise." Narrations differ from Al-A'mash in the chain of this hadith, it is narrated from Ath-Thawri from Al-A'mash from Abu Thabit from Abu Ad-Darda, and it is also said from Shu'bah from Al-A'mash from a man from Ta'if from Abu Ad-Darda, and it is also said from Ath-Thawri likewise from Al-A'mash. He said, Abu Thabit mentioned from Abu Ad-Darda, "And when the narrations become many in a hadith, it appears that the hadith has a basis."
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {فَمِنْهُمْ ظَالِمٌ لِنَفْسِهِ وَمِنْهُمْ مُقْتَصِدٌ وَمِنْهُمْ سَابِقٌ بِالْخَيْرَاتِ} [فاطر 32] قَالَ «السَّابِقُ وَالْمُقْتَصِدُ يَدْخُلَانِ الْجَنَّةَ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ وَالظَّالِمُ لِنَفْسِهِ يُحَاسَبُ حِسَابًا يَسِيرًا ثُمَّ يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ» وَقَدِ اخْتَلَفَتِ الرِّوَايَاتُ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ فِي إِسْنَادِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ فَرُوِيَ عَنِ الثَّوْرِيِّ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ أَبِي ثَابِتٍ عَنْ أَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ وَقِيلَ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ ثَقِيفٍ عَنْ أَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ وَقِيلَ عَنِ الثَّوْرِيِّ أَيْضًا عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ قَالَ ذَكَرَ أَبُو ثَابِتٍ عَنْ أَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ «وَإِذَا كَثُرَتِ الرِّوَايَاتِ فِي الْحَدِيثِ ظَهَرَ أَنَّ لِلْحَدِيثِ أَصْلًا»
[Machine] I said to Aisha, "O mother of the believers, what do you think about the saying of Allah Almighty, 'Then We made those We chose from Our servants inherit the Book. Among them is he who wrongs himself, and among them is he who is moderate, and among them is he who is foremost in good deeds by permission of Allah. That [inheritance] is what is the great bounty'." [Quran 35:32]
Aisha replied, "As for the one who is foremost, it is the one who lived during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and witnessed his life and provisions. As for the one who is moderate, it is the one who followed in their footsteps and acted upon their deeds until they catch up with them. And as for the one who wrongs himself, it is like me and you, and whoever follows our path, and all of them are in Paradise." This hadith has a sound chain of narration and was not mentioned by As-Salat. An-Nasai said, "He is not trustworthy." Ahmad said, "He is not strong."
قُلْتُ لِعَائِشَةَ يَا أُمَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَرَأَيْتِ قَوْلَ اللَّهِ ﷻ {ثُمَّ أَوْرَثْنَا الْكِتَابَ الَّذِينَ اصْطَفَيْنَا مِنْ عِبَادِنَا فَمِنْهُمْ ظَالِمٌ لِنَفْسِهِ وَمِنْهُمْ مُقْتَصِدٌ وَمِنْهُمْ سَابِقٌ بِالْخَيْرَاتِ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ ذَلِكَ هُوَ الْفَضْلُ الْكَبِيرُ} [فاطر 32] فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ «أَمَّا السَّابِقُ فَمَنْ مَضَى فِي حَيَاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَشَهِدَ لَهُ بِالْحَيَاةِ وَالرِّزْقِ وَأَمَّا الْمُقْتَصِدُ فَمَنِ اتَّبَعَ آثَارُهُمْ فَعَمِلَ بِأَعْمَالِهِمْ حَتَّى يَلْحَقَ بِهِمْ وَأَمَّا الظَّالِمُ لِنَفْسِهِ فَمِثْلِي وَمِثْلُكَ وَمَنِ اتَّبَعَنَا وَكُلٌّ فِي الْجَنَّةِ» صَحِيحُ الْإِسْنَادِ وَلَمْ يُخْرِجَاهُ الصلت قال النسائي ليس بثقة وقال أحمد ليس بالقوي
[Machine] "Indeed, the Prophet ﷺ recited the words of Allah, the Almighty: 'Gardens of Eternity, which they will enter, and where they will be adorned with bracelets of gold and pearls' (Quran 35:33). He then said, 'On them will be crowns, and the least of its pearls will illuminate what is between the east and the west.'"
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ تَلَا قَوْلَ اللَّهِ ﷻ {جَنَّاتُ عَدْنٍ يَدْخُلُونَهَا يُحَلَّوْنَ فِيهَا مِنْ أَسَاوِرَ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ} [فاطر 33] فَقَالَ «إِنَّ عَلَيْهِمُ التِّيجَانَ إِنَّ أَدْنَى لُؤْلُؤَةٍ مِنْهَا لَتُضِيءُ مَا بَيْنَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ»
«الْحَزَنُ النَّارُ»
[Machine] "Sixty years" with an authentic chain of narration, and it has not been classified as authentic.
فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {أَوَلَمْ نُعَمِّرْكُمْ مَا يَتَذَكَّرُ فِيهِ مَنْ تَذَكَّرَ} [فاطر 37] قَالَ «سِتِّينَ سَنَةً» صَحِيحُ الْإِسْنَادِ وَلَمْ يُخْرِجَاهُ صحيح
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "If a person from my Ummah (nation) reaches the age of sixty, then Allah has excused him in his lifespan." This hadith is authentic according to the condition of Imam Bukhari and Muslim.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِذَا بَلَغَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْ أُمَّتِي سِتِّينَ سَنَةً فَقَدْ أَعْذَرَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ فِي الْعُمُرِ» صَحِيحٌ عَلَى شَرْطِ الْبُخَارِيِّ وَلَمْ يُخْرِجَاهُ على شرط البخاري ومسلم
“The ages of (the people in) my nation will be between sixty and seventy, and few of them will exceed that.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 4236)
إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «أَعْمَارُ أُمَّتِي مَا بَيْنَ السِّتِّينَ إِلَى السَّبْعِينَ وَأَقَلُّهُمْ مَنْ يَجُوزُ ذَلِكَ»
[Machine] "I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, 'Indeed, Allah has excused a servant of His who reaches sixty or seventy years of age. Allah has excused him for his life.'" Adh-Dhahabi remained silent regarding this summarization.
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «لَقَدْ أَعْذَرَ اللَّهُ إِلَى عَبْدٍ عَمَّرَهُ سِتِّينَ أَوْ سَبْعِينَ سَنَةً لَقَدْ أَعْذَرَ اللَّهُ فِي عُمُرِهِ إِلَيْهِ» سكت عنه الذهبي في التلخيص
[Machine] About the Prophet ﷺ , he said, "Indeed, Allah has made excuses for a servant who keeps his faith until the age of sixty or seventy. Allah has made excuses for him." Al-Dhahabi remained silent about it in his summarization.
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «لَقَدْ أَعْذَرَ اللَّهُ إِلَى عَبْدٍ أَحْيَاهُ حَتَّى بَلَغَ سِتِّينَ أَوْ سَبْعِينَ لَقَدْ أَعْذَرَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ» سكت عنه الذهبي في التلخيص
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever among my Ummah lives for seventy years, Allah will grant him excuse for his lifespan." It is authentic according to the conditions of both Imam Al-Bukhari and Imam Muslim, although they did not include it in their narrations.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَنْ عُمِّرَ مِنْ أُمَّتِي سَبْعِينَ سَنَةً فَقَدْ أَعْذَرَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ فِي الْعُمُرِ» صَحِيحٌ عَلَى شَرْطِ الشَّيْخَيْنِ وَلَمْ يُخْرِجَاهُ على شرط البخاري ومسلم
[Machine] "The young camel was nearly punished in its burrow because of the sin of Adam's son." Authentic in its chain of narration.
«كَادَ الْجُعْلُ يُعَذَّبُ فِي جُحْرِهِ بِذَنْبِ ابْنِ آدَمَ» صَحِيحُ الْإِسْنَادِ صحيح