23. Book of Quranic Exegesis (Tafsīr)
٢٣۔ كِتَابُ التَّفْسِيرِ
[Machine] From Muhammad bin Ubaid bin Abi Rafe', the servant of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , from Ikrimah, from Ibn Abbas, who said: "Abd Yazeed divorced the mother of Rukana, then he married a woman from Muzaynah. She came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, 'O Messenger of Allah, nothing can compensate for me except for this strand of hair, which she took from her head.' At that, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ took hold of his outer garment, then he called Rukana and his brothers, and then he said to those seated with him, 'Do you see this from this?' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to Abdu Yazeed, 'Divorce her.' And he did so. Then he said to Abi Rukana, 'Take her back.' He said, 'O Messenger of Allah, I have divorced her.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'Indeed, I knew that, so take her back.' Then the verse was revealed: 'O Prophet, when you divorce women, divorce them for their prescribed waiting period.' (Quran 65:1)"
عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي رَافِعٍ مَوْلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ طَلَّقَ عَبْدُ يَزِيدَ أَبُو رُكَانَةَ أُمَّ رُكَانَةَ ثُمَّ نَكَحَ امْرَأَةً مِنْ مُزَيْنَةَ فَجَاءَتْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا يُغْنِي عَنِّي إِلَّا مَا تُغْنِي هَذِهِ الشَّعْرَةُ لِشَعْرَةٍ أَخَذَتْهَا مِنْ رَأْسِهَا فَأَخَذَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَمِيَّةً عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ فَدَعَا رُكَانَةَ وَإِخْوَتَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِجُلَسَائِهِ «أَتَرَوْنَ كَذَا مِنْ كَذَا؟» فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِعَبْدِ يَزِيدَ «طَلِّقْهَا» فَفَعَلَ فَقَالَ لِأَبِي رُكَانَةَ «ارْتَجِعْهَا» فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي طَلَّقْتُهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «قَدْ عَلِمْتُ ذَلِكَ فَارْتَجِعْهَا» فَنَزَلَتْ {يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِذَا طَلَّقْتُمُ النِّسَاءَ فَطَلِّقُوهُنَّ لِعِدَّتِهِنَّ} [الطلاق 1]
[Machine] "Her coming out of her house is a clear disgrace."
«خُرُوجُهَا مِنْ بَيْتِهَا فَاحِشَةٌ مُبَيِّنَةٌ»
[Machine] Abu Dharr used to make the Messenger of Allah ﷺ recite this verse: "And whoever fears Allah - He will make for him a way out and will provide for him from where he does not expect." [Surah At-Talaq 3]. Abu Dharr said, "So he would repeat it until I fell asleep, then he said, 'O Abu Dharr, if people were to adhere to this, it would suffice them.'"
أَبُو ذَرٍّ جَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَتْلُو هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {وَمَنْ يَتَّقِ اللَّهَ يَجْعَلْ لَهُ مَخْرَجًا وَيَرْزُقْهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا يَحْتَسِبُ} [الطلاق 3] قَالَ فَجَعَلَ يُرَدِّدُهَا حَتَّى نَعَسْتُ فَقَالَ «يَا أَبَا ذَرٍّ لَوْ أَنَّ النَّاسَ أَخَذُوا بِهَا لَكَفَتْهُمْ»
[Machine] This verse is revealed in a man who was brave but poor, with limited means and many dependents. He came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and asked him for something, and the Prophet ﷺ said to him, "Fear Allah and be patient." He returned to his companions and they asked him what the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had given him, and he replied, "He did not give me anything, but he said to me, 'Fear Allah and be patient.'" He had not waited long until his son came to him with sheep that were captured from the enemy. He went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and informed him about them, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to him, "Take all of them." And then the verse was revealed: "And whoever fears Allah - He will make for him a way out and will provide for him from where he does not expect." [At-Talaq: 2-3]
نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {وَمَنْ يَتَّقِ اللَّهَ يَجْعَلْ لَهُ مَخْرَجًا وَيَرْزُقْهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا يَحْتَسِبُ} [الطلاق 3] فِي رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَشْجَعَ كَانَ فَقِيرًا خَفِيفَ ذَاتِ الْيَدِ كَثِيرَ الْعِيَالِ فَأَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَسَأَلَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ «اتَّقِ اللَّهَ وَاصْبِرْ» فَرَجَعَ إِلَى أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالُوا مَا أَعْطَاكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ؟ فَقَالَ مَا أَعْطَانِي شَيْئًا وَقَالَ لِي «اتَّقِ اللَّهَ وَاصْبِرْ» فَلَمْ يَلْبَثْ إِلَّا يَسِيرًا حَتَّى جَاءَ ابْنٌ لَهُ بِغَنَمٍ لَهُ كَانَ الْعَدُوُّ أَصَابُوهُ فَأَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْهَا وَأَخْبَرَهُ خَبَرَهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «كُلْهَا» فَنَزَلَتْ {وَمَنْ يَتَّقِ اللَّهَ يَجْعَلْ لَهُ مَخْرَجًا وَيَرْزُقْهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا يَحْتَسِبُ} [الطلاق 2]
[Machine] When the verse in Surah Al-Baqarah was revealed, in a certain number among the number of women, they said, "A certain number of women remain unmentioned, including young and old women, as well as those who have ceased menstruation and pregnant women." So Allah, exalted and majestic, revealed the verse in Surah An-Nisa: "And those who no longer expect menstruation among your women - if you doubt, then their period is three months, and [also for] those who have not menstruated. And for those who are pregnant, their term is until they give birth." [Quran 65:4] "With an authentic chain of narration, and they did not mention an exception." Authentic.
لَمَّا نَزَلَتِ الْآيَةُ الَّتِي فِي سُورَةِ الْبَقَرَةِ فِي عَدَدٍ مِنْ عَدَدِ النِّسَاءِ قَالُوا قَدْ بَقِيَ عَدَدٌ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ لَمْ يُذْكَرْنَ الصِّغَارُ وَالْكُبَّارُ وَلَا مَنِ انْقَطَعَتْ عَنْهُنَّ الْحَيْضُ وَذَوَاتُ الْأَحْمَالِ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ﷻ الْآيَةَ الَّتِي فِي سُورَةِ النِّسَاءِ {وَاللَّائِي يَئِسْنَ مِنَ الْمَحِيضِ مِنْ نِسَائِكُمْ إِنِ ارْتَبْتُمْ فَعِدَّتُهُنَّ ثَلَاثَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَاللَّائِي لَمْ يَحِضْنَ وَأُولَاتُ الْأَحْمَالِ أَجَلُهُنَّ أَنْ يَضَعْنَ حَمْلَهُنَّ} [الطلاق 4] «صَحِيحُ الْإِسْنَادِ وَلَمْ يُخَرِّجَاهُ» صحيح
[Machine] "He said, Allah is the One who created seven heavens and similar to them from the earth. He said, there are seven earths, and on each earth there is a prophet like your prophet, and Adam is like Adam, and Noah is like Noah, and Abraham is like Abraham, and Jesus is like Jesus." [At-Talaq 12]
أَنَّهُ قَالَ {اللَّهُ الَّذِي خَلَقَ سَبْعَ سَمَاوَاتٍ وَمِنَ الْأَرْضِ مِثْلَهُنَّ} [الطلاق 12] قَالَ سَبْعَ أَرَضِينَ فِي كُلِّ أَرْضٍ نَبِيٌّ كَنَبِيِّكُمْ وَآدَمُ كآدمَ وَنُوحٌ كَنُوحٍ وَإِبْرَاهِيمُ كَإِبْرَاهِيمَ وَعِيسَى كَعِيسَى
فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {سَبْعَ سَمَاوَاتٍ وَمِنَ الْأَرْضِ مِثْلَهُنَّ} [الطلاق 12] قَالَ فِي كُلِّ أَرْضٍ نَحْوُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ