23. Book of Quranic Exegesis (Tafsīr)
٢٣۔ كِتَابُ التَّفْسِيرِ
[Machine] Indeed, the first thing that Allah created was the pen. He said to it, "Write." It asked, "What should I write?" He replied, "Write the destiny." From that day, everything that exists will continue until the Day of Judgment. It is said that His throne was over the water, and the steam from the water rose and the skies were created. Then He created the "Noon" and spread the earth upon it. The earth rested upon the back of the Noon and the Noon shuddered. The earth solidified and was established with mountains. Indeed, the mountains elevate on the surface of the earth.
إِنَّ أَوَّلَ شَيْءٍ خَلْقَهُ اللَّهُ الْقَلَمُ فَقَالَ لَهُ اكْتُبْ فَقَالَ وَمَا أَكْتُبُ؟ فَقَالَ الْقَدَرُ فَجَرَى مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ بِمَا هُوَ كَائِنٌ إِلَى أَنْ تَقُومَ السَّاعَةُ قَالَ وَكَانَ عَرْشُهُ عَلَى الْمَاءِ فَارْتَفَعَ بُخَارُ الْمَاءِ فَفُتِقَتْ مِنْهُ السَّمَاوَاتُ ثُمَّ خَلَقَ النُّونَ فَبُسِطَتِ الْأَرْضُ عَلَيْهِ وَالْأَرْضُ عَلَى ظَهْرِ النُّونِ فَاضْطَرَبَ النُّونُ فَمَادَتِ الْأَرْضُ فَأُثْبِتَتْ بِالْجِبَالِ فَإِنَّ الْجِبَالَ تَفْخَرُ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ
«وَمَا يَكْتُبُونَ»
[Machine] I asked Aisha, the mother of the believers, to tell me about the manners of the Messenger of Allah (SAW), and she said, "Do you recite the Quran?" And I said, "Yes." Then she said, "Indeed, the manners of the Messenger of Allah (SAW) were the Quran."
سَأَلْتُ عَائِشَةَ يَا أُمَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَنْبِئِينِي عَنْ خُلُقِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ «أَتَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ؟» فَقُلْتُ نَعَمْ فَقَالَتْ «إِنَّ خُلُقَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْقُرْآنُ»
[Machine] "He is known for his evil deeds, just as a sheep is known by its wool."
فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {عُتُلٍّ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ زَنِيمٍ} [القلم 13] قَالَ «يُعْرَفُ بِالشَّرِّ كَمَا تُعْرَفُ الشَّاةُ بِزَنَمَتِهَا»
[Machine] "He recited this verse: 'Preventing good, transgressing and sinful, [He is] crude, and a skeptic thereafter, wicked and arrogant.' So he said, 'I heard the Prophet ﷺ saying, "The people of Hellfire are every arrogant, obstinate braggart, while the people of Paradise are the weak, humble ones."'"
أَنَّهُ تَلَا هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {مَنَّاعٍ} [القلم 13] لِلْخَيْرِ مُعْتَدٍ أَثِيمٍ عُتُلٍّ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ زَنِيمٍ فَقَالَ سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَقُولُ «أَهْلُ النَّارِ كُلُّ جَعْظَرِيٍّ جَوَّاظٍ مُسْتَكْبِرٍ جَمَّاعٍ وَأَهْلُ الْجَنَّةِ الضُّعَفَاءُ الْمَغْلُوبُونَ»
that he (Ibn ʿAbbās) asked regarding ˹Allah's˺ statement ﷻ, 'The day the shin will be exposed' (Qalam 68:42), he said: 'If something is hidden from the Quran for you then seek it in poetry, for it is the dīwān (register) of the Arabs.'
As you've heard the poet saying: [..poetry omitted..], Ibn ʿAbbās said: 'This is the day of distress and severity.'
أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {يَوْمَ يُكْشَفُ عَنْ سَاقٍ} [القلم 42] قَالَ: إِذَا خَفِي عَلَيْكُمْ شَيْءٌ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ فَابْتَغُوهُ فِي الشِّعْرِ فَإِنَّهُ دِيوَانُ الْعَرَبِ۔
أَمَا سَمِعْتُمْ قَوْلَ الشَّاعِرِ [البحر الرجز] اصْبِرْ عَنَاقَ إِنَّهُ شَرٌّ بَاقٍ، قَدْ سَنَّ قَوْمَكَ ضَرْبُ الْأَعْنَاقْ؛ وَقَامَتِ الْحَرْبُ بِنَا عَنْ سَاقْ۔ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ هَذَا يَوْمُ كَرْبٍ وَشِدَّةٍ