23. Book of Quranic Exegesis (Tafsīr)
٢٣۔ كِتَابُ التَّفْسِيرِ
[Machine] According to the saying of Allah Almighty, "He is the one who created you, so among you, some are disbelievers and some are believers." [Surah Al-Taghabun, verse 2]. So Al-A'mash narrated to us from Abu Sufyan from Jabir, who said that the Prophet ﷺ said, "Every servant will be resurrected according to what he died upon." Muslim has recorded this Hadith from Al-A'mash, but he did not include it in this context, according to the condition requested by Muslim, and he mentioned it from Jabir.
عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ ﷻ {هُوَ الَّذِي خَلَقَكُمْ فَمِنْكُمْ كَافِرٌ وَمِنْكُمْ مُؤْمِنٌ} [التغابن 2] فَقَالَ حَدَّثَنَا الْأَعْمَشُ عَنْ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ عَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «يُبْعَثُ كُلُّ عَبْدٍ عَلَى مَا مَاتَ عَلَيْهِ» قَدْ أَخْرَجَ مُسْلِمٌ حَدِيثَ الْأَعْمَشِ وَلَمْ يُخَرِّجْهُ بِهَذِهِ السِّيَاقَةِعلى شرط مسلم وأخرج منه
[Machine] This verse {Indeed, among your wives and your children are enemies to you, so beware of them} [Al-Taghabun 14] was revealed in a group of people from the people of Mecca who embraced Islam and wanted to come to the Prophet ﷺ . However, their wives and children refused to let them go, so they came to Medina. When they arrived in the presence of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , they saw that they had attained knowledge, so they understood that they deserve punishment. Then Allah, the Almighty, revealed the verse {But if you pardon and overlook} [Al-Taghabun 14].
نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {إِنَّ مِنْ أَزْوَاجِكُمْ وَأَوْلَادِكُمْ عَدُوًّا لَكُمْ فَاحْذَرُوهُمْ} [التغابن 14] فِي قَوْمٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ أَسْلَمُوا وَأَرَادُوا أَنْ يَأْتُوا النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَأَبَى أَزْوَاجُهُمْ وَأَوْلَادُهُمْ أَنْ يَدْعُوهُمْ فَأَتَوْا الْمَدِينَةَ فَلَمَّا قَدِمُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَأَوْهُمْ قَدْ فَقِهُوا فَهَمُّوا أَنْ يُعَاقِبُوهُمْ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ﷻ {وَإِنْ تَعْفُوا وَتَصْفَحُوا} [التغابن 14] الْآيَةَ
[Machine] Regarding this verse, "And whoever is protected from the stinginess of his soul - it is those who will be the successful." [Al-Hashr 9], and I, as a person, there is nothing that I have the power over, and nothing escapes my control. I fear that this verse has afflicted me. Abdullah said, "You have mentioned stinginess, and stinginess is a terrible thing. As for what Allah mentioned in the Quran, it is not like what you said, that you intentionally seek the wealth of others or the wealth of your brother and consume it."
عَنْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ {وَمَنْ يُوقَ شُحَّ نَفْسِهِ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ} [الحشر 9] وَإِنِّي امْرُؤٌ مَا قَدَرْتُ وَلَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْ يَدَيَّ شَيْءٌ وَقَدْ خَشِيتُ أَنْ يَكُونَ قَدْ أَصَابَنِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ «ذَكَرْتَ الْبُخْلَ وَبِئْسَ الشَّيْءُ الْبُخْلُ وَأَمَّا مَا ذَكَرَ اللَّهُ فِي الْقُرْآنِ فَلَيْسَ كَمَا قُلْتَ ذَلِكَ أَنْ تَعْمِدَ إِلَى مَالِ غَيْرِكَ أَوْ مَالِ أَخِيكَ فَتَأْكُلَهُ»
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Allah, the Almighty, says: 'I have borrowed from My servant and he refuses to lend to Me, and has cursed Me without knowing. He says: 'O time! O time! And I am the Time.' Then Abu Hurairah recited the following verse from Allah, the Almighty:
'If you lend to Allah a goodly loan, He will multiply it for you.' (Surah At-Taghabun, 64:17)"
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ ﷻ اسْتَقْرَضْتُ عَبْدِي فَأَبَى أَنْ يُقْرِضَنِي وَسَبَّنِي عَبْدِي وَلَا يَدْرِي يَقُولُ وَادَهْرَاهُ وَادَهْرَاهُ وَأَنَا الدَّهْرُ ثُمَّ تَلَا أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ قَوْلَ اللَّهِ ﷻ { إِنْ تُقْرِضُوا اللَّهَ قَرْضًا حَسَنًا يُضَاعِفْهُ لَكُمْ} [التغابن 17]