23. Book of Quranic Exegesis (Tafsīr)
٢٣۔ كِتَابُ التَّفْسِيرِ
[Machine] "You see the man walking in the markets and his name has already been listed among the dead. Then he recited, 'Indeed, We sent it down during a blessed night. Indeed, We were to warn [mankind]. On that night is made distinct every precise matter' [Adh-Dhukhan 4], meaning the Night of Decree. On that night, the affairs of the world are determined for the following year. 'Authenticated by Al-Bukhari and Muslim.'"
«إِنَّكَ لَتَرَى الرَّجُلَ يَمْشِي فِي الْأَسْوَاقِ وَقَدْ وَقَعَ اسْمُهُ فِي الْمَوْتَى» ثُمَّ قَرَأَ {إِنَّا أَنْزَلْنَاهُ فِي لَيْلَةٍ مُبَارَكَةٍ إِنَّا كُنَّا مُنْذِرِينَ فِيهَا يُفْرَقُ كُلُّ أَمْرٍ حَكِيمٍ} [الدخان 4] يَعْنِي لَيْلَةَ الْقَدْرِ فَفِي تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةِ يُفْرَقُ أَمْرُ الدُّنْيَا إِلَى مِثْلِهَا مِنْ قَابِلٍ «صَحِيحُ الْإِسْنَادِ وَلَمْ يُخَرِّجَاهُ» صحيح على شرط مسلم
[Machine] "The loss of a believer is mourned for forty mornings" - Authentic chain of narration and it has not been excluded from the authentic collection.
فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {فَمَا بَكَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّمَاءُ وَالْأَرْضُ} [الدخان 29] قَالَ «بِفَقْدَ الْمُؤْمِنِ أَرْبَعِينَ صَبَاحًا» صَحِيحُ الْإِسْنَادِ وَلَمْ يُخَرِّجَاهُ صحيح
[Machine] The following is the translation of the provided text:
Jaareer (complete sea) the winds swept over their lands, as if they were at an appointed time. Ali asked me, "How did you say, O brother of Bani Tamim?" I replied with a poem and Ali said, "Did you not say, 'How many gardens, springs, crops, and noble places did you leave behind, where you were enjoying fruits? Likewise, we have made them inheritors for another people'" (Quran 44:26). Then he said, "So, my brother, they were inheritors and they became heirs. Indeed, these people denied the blessings, so they were afflicted with punishment. Then he said, 'Beware of denying blessings, lest punishment befall you.'" Abu Hatim said, I asked Muhammad ibn Yazid ibn Sinan, "Did your grandfather Sinan, who was old in age, witness Ali?" He replied, "Yes, he witnessed the events with him."
جَرِيرٌ [البحر الكامل] عَفَتِ الرِّيَاحُ عَلَى رُسُومِ دِيَارِهِمْ فَكَأَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا عَلَى مِيعَادِ قَالَ فَقَالَ لِي عَلِيٌّ كَيْفَ قُلْتَ يَا أَخَا بَنِي تَمِيمٍ؟ قَالَ فَرَدَّ عَلَيْهِ الْبَيْتَ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ أَلَا قُلْتَ {كَمْ تَرَكُوا مِنْ جَنَّاتٍ وَعُيُونٍ وَزُرُوعٍ وَمَقَامٍ كَرِيمٍ وَنَعْمَةٍ كَانُوا فِيهَا فَاكِهِينَ كَذَلِكَ وَأَوْرَثْنَاهَا قَوْمًا آخَرِينَ} [الدخان 26] ثُمَّ قَالَ أَيْ أَخِي هَؤُلَاءِ كَانُوا وَارِثِينَ فَأَصْبَحُوا مَوْرُوثِينَ إِنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ كَفَرُوا النِّعَمِ فَحَلَّتْ بِهِمُ النِّقَمُ ثُمَّ قَالَ «إِيَّاكُمْ وَكُفْرَ النِّعَمِ فَتَحِلَّ بِكُمُ النِّقَمُ» قَالَ أَبُو حَاتِمٍ قُلْتُ لِمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ سِنَانٍ جَدُّكَ سِنَانٌ كَانَ كَبِيرَ السِّنِّ أَدْرَكَ عَلِيًّا؟ قَالَ «نَعَمْ شَهِدَ مَعَهُ الْمَشَاهِدَ»
[Machine] She said, "There was Tubba, a righteous man. Don't you see that Allah, the Almighty, has condemned his people but not him?"
أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ «كَانَ تُبَّعٌ رَجُلًا صَالِحًا أَلَا تَرَى أَنَّ اللَّهَ ﷻ ذَمَّ قَوْمَهُ وَلَمْ يَذُمَّهُ؟»
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "I do not know if he (the person being followed) was a righteous person or not, and I do not know if Dhul-Qarnayn was a prophet or not, and I do not know if the prescribed punishments are an expiation for those who receive them or not."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَا أَدْرِي أَتُبَّعٌ كَانَ لَعِينًا أَمْ لَا وَمَا أَدْرِي أَذُو الْقَرْنَيْنِ كَانَ نَبِيًّا أَمْ لَا وَمَا أَدْرِي الْحُدُودُ كَفَّارَةٌ لِأَهْلِهَا أَمْ لَا؟»
[Machine] Ibn Abbas asked the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, "In how many days were the heavens and the earth created?" He replied, "Allah created the first day, and the earth was created on Sunday and Monday. The mountains were created, the rivers were split, and fruits were planted on the earth on Tuesday. The sustenance of every land was ordained on Tuesday and Wednesday. Then, Allah rose above the heavens while they were still smoke, and He said to them and to the earth, 'Come willingly or unwillingly.' They both said, 'We come willingly.' He completed them in seven heavens in two days, and He commanded each heaven in its affairs on Thursday and Friday. The last creation was in the latter part of the last hour of Friday. When Saturday came, there was no creation on it. The Jews said about it what they said, so Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, revealed to refute their claim, 'Indeed, We created the heavens and the earth and what is between them in six days, and there touched Us no weariness.'" (Surah Qaf, 50:38)
ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي كَمْ خُلِقَتِ السَّمَاوَاتُ وَالْأَرْضً؟ قَالَ خَلَقَ اللَّهُ أَوَّلَ الْأَيَّامِ الْأَحَدَ وَخُلِقَتِ الْأَرْضُ فِي يَوْمِ الْأَحَدِ وَيَوْمَ الِاثْنَيْنِ وَخُلِقَتِ الْجِبَالُ وَشُقَّتِ الْأَنْهَارُ وَغُرِسَ فِي الْأَرْضِ الثِّمَارُ وَقُدِّرَ فِي كُلِّ أَرْضٍ قُوتُهَا يَوْمَ الثُّلَاثَاءِ وَيَوْمَ الْأَرْبِعَاءِ ثُمَّ اسْتَوَى إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَهِيَ دُخَانٌ فَقَالَ لَهَا وَلِلْأَرْضِ {ائْتِيَا طَوْعًا أَوْ كَرْهًا قَالَتَا أَتَيْنَا طَائِعِينَ} [فصلت 11] فَقَضَاهُنَّ سَبْعَ سَمَاوَاتٍ فِي يَوْمَيْنِ وَأَوْحَى فِي كُلِّ سَمَاءٍ أَمْرَهَا فِي يَوْمِ الْخَمِيسِ وَيَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ وَكَانَ آخِرُ الْخَلْقِ فِي آخِرِ السَّاعَاتِ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ السَّبْتِ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهِ خَلْقٌ فَقَالَتِ الْيَهُودُ فِيهِ مَا قَالَتْ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ﷻ تَكْذِيبَهَا {وَلَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا السَّمَوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا فِي سِتَّةِ أَيَّامٍ وَمَا مَسَّنَا مِنْ لُغُوبٍ}
[Machine] A man read near him, "{Indeed, the tree of Zaqqum is the food of the sinful} [Ad-Dukhan 44]." So Abu Darda' said, "Say 'the food of the sinful'." The man said, "The food of the rotten." So Abu Darda' said, "Say 'the food of the wicked.'"
قَرَأَ رَجُلٌ عِنْدَهُ {إِنَّ شَجَرَةَ الزَّقُّومِ طَعَامُ الْأَثِيمِ} [الدخان 44] فَقَالَ أَبُو الدَّرْدَاءِ «قُلْ طَعَامُ الْأَثِيمِ» فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ طَعَامُ الْيَثِيمِ فَقَالَ أَبُو الدَّرْدَاءِ قُلْ «طَعَامُ الْفَاجِرِ»
[Machine] Indeed, Allah has three robes: the robe of honor, the robe of mercy, and the robe of pride. Whoever seeks honor from other than what Allah has honored, then that is the one that is said to him, "Taste, indeed you are the mighty, the generous." [Ad-Dukhan 49] And whoever shows mercy to people with Allah's mercy, then that is the one that adorns himself with the garment that is fitting for him. And whoever challenges Allah in His attire that is fitting for Him, then indeed Allah says, "It is not fitting for the one who challenges Me that I admit him to Paradise."
إِنَّ لِلَّهِ ثَلَاثَةَ أَثْوَابٍ اتَّزَرَ الْعِزَّةَ وَتَسَرْبَلَ الرَّحْمَةَ وَارْتَدَأَ الْكِبْرِيَاءَ فَمَنْ تَعَزَّزَ بِغَيْرِ مَا أَعَزَّهُ اللَّهُ فَذَلِكَ الَّذِي يُقَالُ لَهُ {ذُقْ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْعَزِيزُ الْكَرِيمُ} [الدخان 49] وَمَنْ رَحِمَ النَّاسَ بِرَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ فَذَلِكَ الَّذِي تَسَرْبَلَ بِسِرْبَالِهِ الَّذِي يَنْبَغِي لَهُ وَمَنْ نَازَعَ اللَّهَ رِدَاءَهُ الَّذِي يَنْبَغِي لَهُ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ لَا يَنْبَغِي لِمَنْ نَازَعَنِي أَنْ أُدْخِلَهُ الْجَنَّةَ
“O you who believe! Have fear of Allah as is His due, and die not except as Muslims. [3:102] (Then he said): ‘If a drop of Zaqqum were to be dropped on the earth, it would ruin the livelihood of the people of this world, so how about those who have no food other than it (i.e. Zaqqum)?’” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 4325)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَرَأَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ حَقَّ تُقَاتِهِ وَلَا تَمُوتُنَّ إِلَّا وَأَنْتُمْ مُسْلِمُونَ} [آل عمران 102] وَالَّذِي نَفْسُ مُحَمَّدٍ بِيَدِهِ لَوْ أَنَّ قَطْرَةً مِنَ الزَّقُّومِ قُطِرَتْ فِي الْأَرْضِ لَأَفْسَدَتْ عَلَى أَهْلِ الدُّنْيَا مَعَائِشَهُمْ فَكَيْفَ بِمَنْ يَكُونُ طَعَامُهُ؟