23. Book of Quranic Exegesis (Tafsīr)
٢٣۔ كِتَابُ التَّفْسِيرِ
[Machine] "A mountain of emerald encircles the world, upon it lies the canopy of the sky." Golden remained silent about it in the summary.
«جَبَلٌ مِنْ زُمُرُّدٍ مُحِيطٌ بِالدُّنْيَا عَلَيْهِ كَنَفَا السَّمَاءِ» سكت عنه الذهبي في التلخيص
[Machine] I heard the Prophet ﷺ recite in the morning prayer. When he reached this verse, "And by the date-palm trees, bearing clusters of dates" [Quran 50:10], Qutbah said, "I used to say to him, 'What does 'clusters' mean?' He replied, 'Its branches are long.' Muslim reported this hadith without mentioning the explanation of 'clusters' and it is authentic according to its conditions."
سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ «يَقْرَأُ فِي صَلَاةِ الصُّبْحِ ق» فَلَمَّا أَتَى عَلَى هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ {وَالنَّخْلَ بَاسِقَاتٍ لَهَا طَلْعٌ نَضِيدٌ} [ق 10] قَالَ قُطْبَةُ فَجَعَلْتُ أَقُولُ لَهُ مَا بُسُوقُهَا فَقَالَ طُولُهَا قَدْ أَخْرَجَ مُسْلِمٌ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ بِغَيْرِ هَذِهِ السِّيَاقَةِ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ تَفْسِيرَ الْبُسُوقَ فِيهِ وَهُوَ صَحِيحٌ عَلَى شَرْطِهِعلى شرط مسلم
[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, "Ma'd is the son of Adnan, son of Addad, son of Zand, son of Barri, son of A'raq Ath-Thara." Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ recited, "He destroyed 'Ad and Thamud and the people of Ar-Rass and many generations in between. None knows them except Allah." Umm Salamah said, "And A'raq Ath-Thara is Isma'il ibn Ibrahim, and Zand is the son of Humaysa', and Barri is Nabt."
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «مَعْدُ بْنُ عَدْنَانَ بْنِ آدَدَ بْنِ زَنَدِ بْنِ بَرِّيِّ بْنِ أَعْرَاقِ الثَّرَى» قَالَتْ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَهْلَكَ عَادًا وَثَمُودَ وَأَصْحَابَ الرَّسِّ وَقُرُونًا بَيْنَ ذَلِكَ كَثِيرًا لَا يَعْلَمُهُمْ إِلَّا اللَّهُ» قَالَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ وَأَعْرَاقُ الثَّرَى إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَزَنَدٌ ابْنُ هُمَيْسَعٍ وَبَرِّيٌّ نَبْتٌ
[Machine] Regarding this verse: "Not a word does he utter but there is a watcher by him ready" [Quran 50:18], Ibn Abbas said: "Only the good and the evil are written. O boy, saddle the horse for me and O boy, give me water to drink. Only the good and the evil are written."
عَنْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ {مَا يَلْفِظُ مِنْ قَوْلٍ إِلَّا لَدَيْهِ رَقِيبٌ عَتِيدٌ} [ق 18] قَالَ فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ «إِنَّمَا يَكْتُبُ الْخَيْرَ وَالشَّرَّ لَا يَكْتُبُ يَا غُلَامُ أَسْرِجِ الْفَرَسَ وَيَا غُلَامُ اسْقِنِي الْمَاءَ إِنَّمَا يَكْتُبُ الْخَيْرَ وَالشَّرَّ»
“I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when he was dying, and there was a bowl of water next to him. He put his hand in the vessel and wiped his face with the water, and said: ‘O Allah, help me to bear the agonies of death.’” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 1623)
لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ بِالْمَوْتِ وَعِنْدَهُ قَدَحٌ فِيهِ مَاءٌ وَهُوَ يُدْخِلُ يَدَهُ فِي الْقَدَحِ ثُمَّ يَمْسَحُ وَجْهَهُ بِالْمَاءِ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ «اللَّهُمَّ أَعِنِّي عَلَى سَكَرَاتِ الْمَوْتِ»
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "I am the first from whom the Earth will split, then Abu Bakr, then Umar, then the people of Baqi' will be gathered with me, and then I will wait for the people of Makkah." Abdullah ibn Umar recited, "On the day the Earth will split open for them, it will be an easy gathering for us."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَنَا أَوَّلُ مَنْ تَنْشَقُّ الْأَرْضُ عَنْهُ ثُمَّ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ثُمَّ عُمَرُ ثُمَّ آتِي أَهْلَ الْبَقِيعِ فَيُحْشَرُونَ مَعِي ثُمَّ أَنْتَظِرُ أَهْلَ مَكَّةَ» وَتَلَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ «يَوْمَ تَشَقَّقُ الْأَرْضُ عَنْهُمْ سِرَاعًا ذَلِكَ حَشْرٌ عَلَيْنَا يَسِيرٌ»
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ came to a man whose facial features showed signs of worry. He said to him, "Relax, for I am the son of a woman from the Quraysh tribe who used to eat dried meat in this barren land." Then, Jareer ibn Abdullah al-Bajali recited the verse, "And you are not over them a tyrant. But remind by the Qur'an whoever fears My threat." (Quran 45:18)
أُتِيَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِرَجُلٍ تَرْعَدُ فَرَائِصُهُ قَالَ فَقَالَ لَهُ «هَوِّنْ عَلَيْكَ فَإِنَّمَا أَنَا ابْنُ امْرَأَةٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ كَانَتْ تَأْكُلُ الْقَدِيدَ فِي هَذِهِ الْبَطْحَاءِ» قَالَ ثُمَّ تَلَا جَرِيرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْبَجَلِيُّ {وَمَا أَنْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ بِجَبَّارٍ فَذَكِّرْ بِالْقُرْآنِ مَنْ يَخَافُ وَعِيدِ} [ق 45]
“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to visit the sick, attend funerals, accept the invitations of slaves and ride donkeys. On the day (of the battle) of Quraizah and Nadir, he was riding a donkey. On the day of Khaibar he was riding a donkey that was bridled with palmfibers and beneath him was a packsaddle made of palmfibers.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 4178)
كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «يَعُودُ الْمَرِيضَ وَيَتْبَعُ الْجَنَائِزَ وَيُجِيبُ دَعْوَةَ الْمَمْلُوكِ وَيَرْكَبُ الْحِمَارَ وَلَقَدْ كَانَ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ وَيَوْمَ قُرَيْظَةَ عَلَى حِمَارٍ خِطَامُهُ حَبْلٌ مِنْ لِيفٍ وَتَحْتَهُ إِكَافٌ مِنْ لِيفٍ»
[Machine] The translation into English is: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to visit and visit the weak Muslims, go to their sick and witness their funerals.
كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «يَأْتِي ضُعَفَاءَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَيَزُورُهُمْ وَيَعُودُ مَرْضَاهُمْ وَيَشْهَدُ جَنَائِزَهُمْ»