23. Book of Quranic Exegesis (Tafsīr)
٢٣۔ كِتَابُ التَّفْسِيرِ
[Machine] I heard Aisha say that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to fast until we would say he would not break his fast, and he would break his fast until we would say he would not fast. And he would recite Surah Banu Israel and Surah Az-Zumar every night. Adh-Dhahabi did not mention this in his summary.
سَمِعْتُ عَائِشَةَ تَقُولُ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «يَصُومُ حَتَّى نَقُولَ مَا يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُفْطِرَ وَيُفْطِرُ حَتَّى نَقُولَ مَا يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَصُومَ وَكَانَ يَقْرَأُ فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ سُورَةَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَالزُّمَرَ» سكت عنه الذهبي في التلخيص
When this surah was revealed to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ: ʿVerily, you (O Muhammad is) will die, and verily, they (too) will die. Then, on the Day of Resurrection, you will be disputing before your Lord” (az-Zumar [39:30,31]), az-Zubair said: “O Messenger of Allah, will we face again the disputes we had among us in this world in addition to other sins?” He said: “Yes, you will face these disputes again until everyone who has a right has been given his right.” AzZubair said: “By Allah, the matter is very serious.” (Using translation from Aḥmad 1434)
لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ {إِنَّكَ مَيِّتٌ وَإِنَّهُمْ مَيِّتُونَ ثُمَّ إِنَّكُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عِنْدَ رَبِّكُمْ تَخْتَصِمُونَ} [الزمر 31] قُلْتُ أَيُكَرَّرُ عَلَيْنَا مَا كَانَ بَيْنَنَا فِي الدُّنْيَا مَعَ خَوَاصِّ الذُّنُوبِ قَالَ «نَعَمْ لَيُكَرَّرَنَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْكُمْ حَتَّى يُؤَدِّيَ إِلَى كُلِّ ذِي حَقِّ حَقَّهُ» قَالَ الزُّبَيْرُ فَوَاللَّهِ إِنَّ الْأَمْرَ لَشَدِيدٌعلى شرط مسلم
[Machine] "When this verse was revealed, he mentioned the hadith but did not mention Zubayr in its chain of narration, as it is authentic according to the condition of Muslim and he did not exclude it."
لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ فِي إِسْنَادِهِ الزُّبَيْرَ «صَحِيحٌ عَلَى شَرْطِ مُسْلِمٍ وَلَمْ يُخَرِّجَاهُ» على شرط مسلم
[Machine] "We used to say that there is no repentance for the one who is in temptation, and that Allah will not accept anything from him. But when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ arrived in Madinah, the following verse was revealed about them: 'O My servants who have transgressed against themselves [by sinning], do not despair of the mercy of Allah. Indeed, Allah forgives all sins.Indeed, it is He who is the Forgiving, the Merciful.' (Quran 39:53). Omar then said, 'I wrote these verses and sat on my camel. Then I circled around Madinah, and later on the Messenger of Allah ﷺ established himself in Makkah, waiting for the permission of Allah to migrate, along with his companions who were among the emigrants. Abu Bakr also waited for the permission to be granted to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ so that he could leave with him.'"
كُنَّا نَقُولُ مَا لِمُفْتَتَنٍ تَوْبَةٌ وَمَا اللَّهُ بِقَابِلٍ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ أُنْزِلَ فِيهِمْ {يَا عِبَادِيَ الَّذِينَ أَسْرَفُوا عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ لَا تَقْنَطُوا مِنْ رَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَغْفِرُ الذُّنُوبَ جَمِيعًا إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ} [الزمر 53] وَالْآيَاتِ الَّتِي بَعْدَهَا قَالَ عُمَرُ فَكَتَبْتُهَا فَجَلَسْتُ عَلَى بَعِيرِي ثُمَّ طُفْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ ثُمَّ «أَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِمَكَّةَ يَنْتَظِرُ أَنْ يَأْذَنَ اللَّهُ لَهُ فِي الْهِجْرَةِ وَأَصْحَابِهِ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينِ» وَقَدْ أَقَامَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَنْتَظِرُ أَنْ يُؤْذَنَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَيَخْرُجَ مَعَهُ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Every inhabitant of the Fire will see his place in Paradise and will say, 'If only Allah had guided me, I would have been among the people of Paradise.' And every inhabitant of Paradise will see his place in the Fire and will say, 'If only Allah had not guided me, I would have been among the people of the Fire.' Then, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ recited, '{That will be the time when the self will say, "Oh, how I regret my failure to side with God!"}' (Surah az-Zumar, 39:56)"
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ كُلُّ أَهْلِ النَّارِ يَرَى مَقْعَدَهُ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ فَيَقُولُ لَوْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ هَدَانِي فَتَكُونُ عَلَيْهِ حَسْرَةٌ وَكُلُّ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ يَرَى مَقْعَدَهُ مِنَ النَّارِ فَيَقُولُ لَوْلَا أَنَّ اللَّهَ هَدَانِي فَيَكُونُ لَهُ شُكْرٌ ثُمَّ تَلَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ {أَنْ تَقُولَ نَفْسٌ يَا حَسْرَتَا عَلَى مَا فَرَّطْتُ فِي جَنْبِ اللَّهِ}
[Machine] Abu Al-Muwajjah praised it and Abdullah narrated to Anbasah ibn Sa'id, who narrated from Habib ibn Abi 'Amrah, who narrated from Mujahid, who said that Ibn Abbas told him, "Do you know the vastness of Hellfire?" I said, "No." He said, "By Allah, you do not know that the distance between the lobe of the ear and the shoulder of one of them is a journey of seventy autumns through valleys of pus and blood?" I said, "Are those rivers?" He said, "No, rather valleys." Then he said, "Do you know the vastness of Hellfire?" I said, "No." He said, "By Allah, you do not know. Aisha informed me that she asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about the saying of Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, 'And the earth altogether will be His handful on the Day of Resurrection, and the heavens will be folded in His right hand.' I said, 'Where will the people be on that day, O Messenger of Allah?' He said, 'On the bridge of Hellfire.'"
ثنا أَبُو الْمُوَجِّهِ أَنْبَأَ عَبْدَانُ أَنْبَأَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ عَنْ عَنْبَسَةَ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ حَبِيبِ بْنِ أَبِي عَمْرَةَ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ قَالَ قَالَ لِي ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ أَتَدْرِي مَا سَعَةُ جَهَنَّمَ؟ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ أَجَلْ وَاللَّهِ مَا تَدْرِي أَنَّ بَيْنَ شَحْمَةِ أُذُنِ أَحَدِهِمْ وَبَيْنَ عَاتِقِهِ مَسِيرَةَ سَبْعِينَ خَرِيفًا أَوْدِيَةَ الْقَيْحِ وَالدَّمِ قُلْتُ لَهُ أَنْهَارٌ؟ قَالَ لَا بَلْ أَوْدِيَةٌ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَتَدْرِي مَا سَعَةُ جَهَنَّمَ؟ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ أَجَلْ وَاللَّهِ مَا تَدْرِي حَدَّثَتْنِي عَائِشَةُ أَنَّهَا سَأَلَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ ﷻ {وَالْأَرْضُ جَمِيعًا قَبْضَتُهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَالسَّمَوَاتُ مَطْوِيَّاتٌ بِيَمِينِهِ} قُلْتُ فَأَيْنَ النَّاسُ يَوْمَئِذٍ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ «عَلَى جِسْرِ جَهَنَّمَ»
[Machine] Regarding the Prophet ﷺ and his statement in which Allah Almighty said: "And the Horn will be blown." (Surah Az-Zumar 39:68), the Prophet ﷺ said, "It is a horn that will be blown."
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {وَنُفِخَ فِي الصُّورِ} [الزمر 68] قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «هُوَ قَرْنٌ يُنْفَخُ فِيهِ»
[Machine] "She (Aisha) used to say to the wives of the Prophet ﷺ, 'What prevents a woman from giving herself to you?' So Allah revealed this verse regarding the wives of the Prophet ﷺ, 'You can defer whom you will of them, and you may accept whom you will' [Quran 33:51]. Aisha said to the Prophet ﷺ, 'I see that your Lord hurries to fulfill your desires.'"
أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ تَقُولُ لِنِسَاءِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مَا تَسْتَحْيِي الْمَرْأَةُ أَنْ تَهَبَ نَفْسَهَا؟ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ فِي نِسَاءِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ {تُرْجِي مَنْ تَشَاءَ مِنْهُنَّ وَتُؤْوِي إِلَيْكَ مَنْ تَشَاءُ} [الأحزاب 51] فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ «أَرَى رَبَّكَ يُسَارِعُ لَكَ فِي هَوَاكَ»
[Machine] The translation of «مَا تُوُفِّيَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ حَتَّى أَحَلَّ اللَّهُ لَهُ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ» into English is: "The Prophet ﷺ did not pass away until Allah permitted him to marry."
«مَا تُوُفِّيَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ حَتَّى أَحَلَّ اللَّهُ لَهُ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَ»