23. Book of Quranic Exegesis (Tafsīr)
٢٣۔ كِتَابُ التَّفْسِيرِ
[Machine] "To seek inspiration from the forgiveness of Ibrahim for his father, so that they may seek forgiveness for the polytheists. And His saying, "Our Lord, do not make us a trial for those who disbelieve," [Al-Mumtahanah 5], "Do not punish us with their hands, nor with a punishment from You," (Lord) they say, "If these (believers) were upon the truth, they would not have been afflicted."
فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَتَّخِذُوا عَدُوِّي وَعَدُوَّكُمْ أَوْلِيَاءَ تُلْقُونَ إِلَيْهِمْ بِالْمَوَدَّةِ} [الممتحنة 1] إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {وَاللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌ} [الممتحنة 3] نَزَلَ فِي مُكَاتَبَةِ حَاطِبِ بْنِ أَبِي بَلْتَعَةَ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ إِلَى كُفَّارِ قُرَيْشٍ يُحَذِّرُونَهُمْ وَقَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى {إِلَّا قَوْلَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ لِأَبِيهِ} [الممتحنة 4] نُهُوا أَنْ يَتَأَسَّوْا بِاسْتِغْفَارِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ لِأَبِيهِ فَيَسْتَغْفِرُوا لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ وَقَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى {رَبَّنَا لَا تَجْعَلْنَا فِتْنَةً لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا} [الممتحنة 5] لَا تُعَذِّبْنَا بِأَيْدِيهِمْ وَلَا بِعَذَابٍ مِنْ عِنْدِكِ فَيَقُولُونَ لَوْ كَانَ هَؤُلَاءِ عَلَى الْحَقِّ مَا أَصَابَهُمْ
[Machine] "In the making of the idols of Ibrahim and those with him, except for seeking forgiveness for his father while he was still a polytheist."
فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {لَقَدْ كَانَ لَكُمْ فِيهِمْ أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ} [الممتحنة 6] قَالَ «فِي صُنْعِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ إِلَّا فِي اسْتِغْفَارِهِ لِأَبِيهِ وَهُوَ مُشْرِكٌ»
[Machine] "To take from it, accept from it, and bring it to its destination, until it was sent to Aisha, asking her about the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) regarding this. So she informed him, and he commanded her to accept her gifts and bring them into her house. Then Allah revealed, 'Allah does not forbid you from those who do not fight you because of religion and do not expel you from your homes - from being righteous toward them' (Al-Mumtahinah 8) until the end of the two verses."
أَنْ تَأْخُذَ مِنْهَا وَتَقْبَلَ مِنْهَا وَتُدْخِلَهَا مَنْزِلَهَا حَتَّى أَرْسَلَتْ إِلَى عَائِشَةَ أَنْ سَلِي عَنْ هَذَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَخْبَرَتْهُ «فَأَمَرَهَا أَنْ تَقْبَلَ هَدَايَاهَا وَتُدْخِلَهَا مَنْزِلَهَا» فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ﷻ {لَا يَنْهَاكُمُ اللَّهُ عَنِ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يُقَاتِلُوكُمْ فِي الدِّينِ وَلَمْ يُخْرِجُوكُمْ مِنْ دِيَارِكُمْ أَنْ تَبَرُّوهُمْ} [الممتحنة 8] إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَتَيْنِ
[Machine] That Abu Hudhayfah ibn 'Utbah brought her and Hind bint 'Utbah to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to marry her off. She said, "He has taken a debt from us and imposed a condition on us." She said, "I said to him, 'O cousin, do you know if any of your people have any of these defects or handicaps?'" Abu Hudhayfah said, "Yes, so pledge to him. For it is by this that he agrees to the marriage." So Hind said, "I will not pledge to you regarding theft, for I steal from my husband's wealth." So the Prophet ﷺ removed his hand and she removed hers until he sent for Abu Sufyan to annul their marriage. Abu Sufyan said, "As for fresh dates, they are good, but as for the dry ones, no, they are not a blessing." She said, "So we pledged to him." Then Fatimah said, "There was no other dome that I detested more than your dome, nor did I want Allah to make it permissible and bless it. And by Allah, there is no other dome that I desire more for Allah to rebuild and bless than your dome." So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Also, by Allah, none of you truly believes until I become more beloved to him than his own child and his parents."
أَنَّ أَبَا حُذَيْفَةَ بْنَ عُتْبَةَ أَتَى بِهَا وَبِهِنْدِ بِنْتِ عُتْبَةَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ تُبَايِعُهُ فَقَالَتْ أَخَذَ عَلَيْنَا فَشَرَطَ عَلَيْنَا قَالَتْ قُلْتُ لَهُ يَا ابْنَ عَمِّ هَلْ عَلِمْتَ فِي قَوْمِكَ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْعَاهَاتِ أَوِ الْهَنَّاتِ شَيْئًا؟ قَالَ أَبُو حُذَيْفَةَ إِيهًا فَبَايِعِيهِ فَإِنَّ بِهَذَا يُبَايِعُ وَهَكَذَا يَشْتَرِطُ فَقَالَتْ هِنْدٌ لَا أُبَايِعُكَ عَلَى السَّرِقَةِ إِنِّي أَسْرِقُ مِنْ مَالِ زَوْجِي فَكَفَّ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَدَهُ وَكَفَّتْ يَدَهَا حَتَّى أَرْسَلَ إِلَى أَبِي سُفْيَانَ فَتَحَلَّلَ لَهَا مِنْهُ فَقَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ أَمَّا الرَّطْبُ فَنَعَمْ وَأَمَّا الْيَابِسُ فَلَا وَلَا نِعْمَةَ قَالَتْ فَبَايَعْنَاهُ ثُمَّ قَالَتْ فَاطِمَةُ مَا كَانَتْ قُبَّةٌ أَبْغَضُ إِلَيَّ مِنْ قُبَّتِكَ وَلَا أَحَبُّ أَنْ يُبِيحَهَا اللَّهُ وَمَا فِيهَا وَاللَّهِ مَا مِنْ قُبَّةٍ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ أَنْ يُعَمِّرَهَا اللَّهُ وَيُبَارَكُ فِيهَا مِنْ قُبَّتِكَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «وَأَيْضًا وَاللَّهِ لَا يُؤْمِنُ أَحَدُكُمْ حَتَّى أَكُونَ أَحَبَّ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ وَلَدِهِ وَوَالِدِهِ»