23. Book of Quranic Exegesis (Tafsīr)
٢٣۔ كِتَابُ التَّفْسِيرِ
[Machine] I said to Ibn Abbas, "Do they make the angels who are the servants of the Most Merciful or the Servant of the Most Merciful?" He replied, "The servants of the Most Merciful." I said, "It is written in my manuscript as the Servant of the Most Merciful." He said, "Erase it and write 'the servants of the Most Merciful'."
قُلْتُ لِابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَجَعَلُوا الْمَلَائِكَةَ الَّذِينَ هُمْ عِبَادُ الرَّحْمَنِ أَوْ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ؟ فَقَالَ عِبَادُ الرَّحْمَنِ قُلْتُ هُوَ فِي مُصْحَفِي عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ قَالَ «فَامْحُهَا وَاكْتُبْ عِبَادَ الرَّحْمَنِ»
[Machine] "On the authority of Abdullah, he said, 'They divide the mercy of your Lord.' (Surah Az-Zukhruf, 43:32) Abdullah then said, 'I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, saying, "Indeed, Allah has divided your behaviors amongst you just as He has divided your provisions. Indeed, Allah gives the worldly goods to those whom He loves and those whom He does not love, but does not give the religion except to those whom He loves. So, whoever is given the religion by Allah has indeed been loved by Him."'"
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ {أَهُمْ يَقْسِمُونَ رَحْمَةَ رَبِّكَ نَحْنُ قَسَمْنَا بَيْنَهُمُ} [الزخرف 32] الْآيَةُ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَسَمَ بَيْنَكُمْ أَخْلَاقَكُمْ كَمَا قَسَمَ بَيْنَكُمْ أَرْزَاقَكُمْ وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَيُعْطِي الدُّنْيَا مَنْ أَحَبِّ وَمَنْ لَا يُحِبُّ وَلَا يُعْطِي الدِّينَ إِلَّا مَنْ أَحَبِّ فَمَنْ أَعْطَاهُ الدِّينَ فَقَدْ أَحَبَّهُ»
[Machine] About Qatadah's saying, "So if We take you away, [O Muhammad], indeed, We will take retribution upon them." [Surah Az-Zukhruf 43:41], Anas narrated, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed away, and the punishment remained. Allah did not dislike anything that His Prophet ﷺ did to his nation until he passed away. There was no Prophet except that he witnessed punishment in his nation, except for your Prophet ﷺ ." [Hadith has a sound chain of narrators, but it was not mentioned in Sahih Al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim.]
عَنْ قَتَادَةَ فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى {فَإِمَّا نَذْهَبَنَّ بِكَ فَإِنَّا مِنْهُمْ مُنْتَقِمُونَ} [الزخرف 41] فَقَالَ قَالَ أَنَسٌ «ذَهَبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَبَقِيَتِ النِّقْمَةُ وَلَمْ يُرِ اللَّهُ نَبِيَّهُ ﷺ فِي أُمَّتِهِ شَيْئًا يَكْرَهُهُ حَتَّى مَضَى وَلَمْ يَكُنْ نَبِيٌّ إِلَّا وَقَدْ رَأَى الْعُقُوبَةَ فِي أُمَّتِهِ إِلَّا نَبِيُّكُمْ ﷺ» صَحِيحُ الْإِسْنَادِ وَلَمْ يُخَرِّجَاهُ صحيح
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Some of my companions, those of the left, will be taken, and I will say, 'My companions, my companions.' It will be said, 'They have continued to apostatize after you.' So I will say as the righteous servant, 'Isa ibn Maryam, said, 'And I was a witness over them as long as I was among them; but when You took me up, You were the Observer over them.'" (Surah Al-Ma'idah, 117)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يُؤْخَذُ بِنَاسٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِي ذَاتَ الشِّمَالِ فَأَقُولُ أَصْحَابِي أَصْحَابِي فَيُقَالَ إِنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَزَالُوا مُرْتَدِّينَ عَلَى أَعْقَابِهِمْ بَعْدَكَ فَأَقُولُ كَمَا قَالَ الْعَبْدُ الصَّالِحُ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ {وَكُنْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ شَهِيدًا مَا دُمْتُ فِيهِمْ فَلَمَّا تَوَفَّيْتَنِي كُنْتَ أَنْتَ الرَّقِيبَ عَلَيْهِمْ} [المائدة 117]
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "No people have gone astray after being guided except that they were given to argumentation." Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ recited, "{They did not harm you except [for some] annoyance. But they have been disputing people}." [Surah Az-Zukhruf, 58]
قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «مَا ضَلَّ قَوْمٌ بَعْدَ هُدًى إِلَّا أُوتُوا الْجَدَلَ» ثُمَّ قَرَأَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ {مَا ضَرَبُوهُ لَكَ إِلَّا جَدَلًا بَلْ هُمْ قَوْمٌ خَصِمُونَ} [الزخرف 58]
فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {وَإِنَّهُ لَعِلْمٌ لِلسَّاعَةِ} [الزخرف 61] قَالَ «خُرُوجُ عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ»
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "And indeed, it is knowledge of the Hour" [Surah Az-Zukhruf 61]. Then he ﷺ said, "The stars are a protection for the people of the heavens, so when they leave, what they were promised will come to them. And I am a protection for my companions, as long as I am with them, what they were promised will come to them. And my household is a protection for my Ummah (nation), so when my household departs, what they were promised will come to them." The chain of narration is authentic, and I believe it is a fabricated hadith.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ {وَإِنَّهُ لَعِلْمٌ لِلسَّاعَةِ} [الزخرف 61] فَقَالَ «النُّجُومُ أَمَانٌ لِأَهْلِ السَّمَاءِ فَإِذَا ذَهَبَتْ أَتَاهَا مَا يُوعَدُونَ وَأَنَا أَمَانٌ لِأَصْحَابِي مَا كُنْتُ فَإِذَا ذَهَبْتُ أَتَاهُمْ مَا يُوعَدُونَ وَأَهْلُ بَيْتِي أَمَانٌ لِأُمَّتِي فَإِذَا ذَهَبَ أَهْلُ بَيْتِي أَتَاهُمْ مَا يُوعَدُونَ» صَحِيحُ الْإِسْنَادِ وَلَمْ يُخَرِّجَاهُ أظنه موضوعا
فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {وَنَادَوْا يَا مَالِكُ لِيَقْضِ عَلَيْنَا رَبُّكَ} [الزخرف 77] قَالَ مَكَثَ عَنْهُمْ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّكُمْ مَاكِثُونَ