[Machine] I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ praying on a donkey while headed towards Khaybar. Abu Abdur Rahman said, "Amr ibn Yahya did not follow up on his statement that he was praying on a donkey. They only say that he was praying on his mount."  

«رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يُصَلِّي عَلَى حِمَارٍ وَهُوَ مُتَوَجِّهٌ إِلَى خَيْبَرَ» قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ لَمْ يُتَابَعْ عَمْرُو بْنُ يَحْيَى عَلَى قَوْلِهِ يُصَلِّي عَلَى حِمَارٍ إِنَّمَا يَقُولُونَ يُصَلِّي عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ  

[Machine] He saw the Prophet ﷺ praying on a donkey while he was riding to Khaybar, and the qibla (direction of prayer) was behind him. Abu Abdur Rahman said, "This is a mistake and the correct thing is halted."  

أَنَّهُ رَأَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ «يُصَلِّي عَلَى حِمَارٍ وَهُوَ رَاكِبٌ إِلَى خَيْبَرَ وَالْقِبْلَةُ خَلْفَهُ» قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ هَذَا خَطَأٌ وَالصَّوَابُ مَوْقُوفٌ  

"The messenger of Allah ﷺ was asked during the campaign of Tabuk about the Sutra of one who is praying. He said: "Something as high as the back of a camel saddle." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 746)  

سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ عَنْ سُتْرَةِ الْمُصَلِّي فَقَالَ «مِثْلُ مُؤْخِرَةِ الرَّحْلِ»  

It was narrated from Ibn Umar concerning the Messenger of Allah ﷺ he said: "He used to set up a short spear then pray facing toward it." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 747)   

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ «أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَرْكُزُ الْحَرْبَةَ ثُمَّ يُصَلِّي إِلَيْهَا»  

I remember us on the night of Badr, there was no one among us who was not sleeping, except the Messenger of Allah ﷺ who prayed facing a tree and offered supplication until morning came, and there was no horseman among us on the day of Badr except Al-Miqdad bin Al-Aswad. (Using translation from Aḥmad 1161)   

«لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُنَا لَيْلَةَ بَدْرٍ وَمَا فِينَا إِنْسَانٌ إِلَّا نَائِمٌ إِلَّا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ يُصَلِّي إِلَى شَجَرَةٍ وَيَدْعُو حَتَّى أَصْبَحَ»  

The Prophet ﷺ said: When one of you prays facing a sutrah he should keep close to it, and not let the devil interrupt his prayer. Abu Dawud said: This tradition has also been narrated by Waqid b. Muhammad from Safwan from Muhammad b. Sahl on the authority of his father, or on the authority of Muhammad b. Sahl from the Prophet ﷺ. Some have narrated it from Nafi' b. Jubair on the authority of Sahl b. Sa'd. There is a variation in the chain of its narrators. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 695)  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «إِذَا صَلَّى أَحَدُكُمْ إِلَى سُتْرَةٍ فَلْيَدْنُ مِنْهَا لَا يَقْطَعُ الشَّيْطَانُ عَلَيْهِ صَلَاتَهُ»  

It was narrated from Abdullah bin Umar that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered the Ka'bah with Usamah bin Zaid, Bilal and Uthman bin Talha al Hajabi, and locked the door behind him. Abdullah bin Umar said: "I asked Bilal when he came out: " What did the Messenger of Allah ﷺ do?" He said: "He stood with one pillar to his left, two pillars to his right and three pillars behind him - at that time the House stood on six pillars - and he prayed with approximately three forearm's length between him and the wall." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 749)  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ دَخَلَ الْكَعْبَةَ هُوَ وَأُسَامَةُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ وَبِلَالٌ وَعُثْمَانُ بْنُ طَلْحَةَ الْحَجَبِيُّ فَأَغْلَقَهَا عَلَيْهِ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ فَسَأَلْتُ بِلَالًا حِينَ خَرَجَ مَاذَا صَنَعَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ «جَعَلَ عَمُودًا عَنْ يَسَارِهِ وَعَمُودَيْنِ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَثَلَاثَةَ أَعْمِدَةٍ وَرَاءَهُ وَكَانَ الْبَيْتُ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَلَى سِتَّةِ أَعْمِدَةٍ ثُمَّ صَلَّى وَجَعَلَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الْجِدَارِ نَحْوًا مِنْ ثَلَاثَةِ أَذْرُعٍ»  

The messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "When anyone of you stands to pray, then he is screened if he has in front of him something as high as the back of a camel saddle. If he does not have something as high as the back of a camel saddle in front of him, then his prayer is nullified by a woman, a donkey or a black dog." I (one of the narrators)said: "What is the difference between a black dog, a yellow one and a red one?" He said: I asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ just like you and he said:"The black dog is a shaitan." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 750)  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «إِذَا كَانَ أَحَدُكُمْ قَائِمًا يُصَلِّي فَإِنَّهُ يَسْتُرُهُ إِذَا كَانَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ مِثْلُ آخِرَةِ الرَّحْلِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ مِثْلُ آخِرَةِ الرَّحْلِ فَإِنَّهُ يَقْطَعُ صَلَاتَهُ الْمَرْأَةُ وَالْحِمَارُ وَالْكَلْبُ الْأَسْوَدُ» قُلْتُ مَا بَالُ الْأَسْوَدِ مِنَ الْأَصْفَرِ مِنَ الْأَحْمَرِ؟ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَمَا سَأَلَتْنِي فَقَالَ «الْكَلْبُ الْأَسْوَدُ شَيْطَانٌ»  

"I aid to Jabir bin Zaid: "What invalidates prayer?" He said: "Ibn Abbas used to say: A menstruating woman and a dog." (One of the narrators)Yahya said: "Shubah said it was a marfu report." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 751)  

يَحْيَى رَفَعَهُ شُعْبَةُ  

"Al-Fadl and I came riding a female donkey of ours, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was leading the people at Arafat." Then he said something to that effect. "We passed by part of the row, and then we dismounted and left the donkey grazing, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺdid not say anything to us." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 752)  

«جِئْتُ أَنَا وَالْفَضْلُ عَلَى أَتَانٍ لَنَا وَرَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ بِعَرَفَةَ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ كَلِمَةً مَعْنَاهَا فَمَرَرْنَا عَلَى بَعْضِ الصَّفِّ فَنَزَلْنَا وَتَرَكْنَاهَا تَرْتَعُ فَلَمْ يَقُلْ لَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ شَيْئًا»  

"The Messenger of Allah ﷺvisited Al Abbas in some land of ours outside the city, and we had a small dog and a donkey which was grazing. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed Asr and they were in front of him, and they were not shooed away or pushed away." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 753)  

«زَارَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَبَّاسًا فِي بَادِيَةٍ لَنَا وَلَنَا كُلَيْبَةٌ وَحِمَارَةٌ تَرْعَى فَصَلَّى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ الْعَصْرَ وَهُمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَلَمْ يُزْجَرَا وَلَمْ يُوَخَّرَا»  

"I heard Ibn Abbas narrate that he passed in front of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, he and a young boy of Banu Hashim, riding a donkey in front of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when he was praying. Then they dismounted and joined the prayer, and he did not stop praying. Then two young girls of Banu Abdul-Muttalib started running around and grabbing him by the knees. He separated them but he did not stop praying." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 754)  

«أَنَّهُ مَرَّ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ هُوَ وَغُلَامٌ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ عَلَى حِمَارٍ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ يُصَلِّي فَنَزَلُوا وَدَخَلُوا مَعَهُ فَصَلَّوْا فَلَمْ يَنْصَرِفْ وَجَاءَتْ جَارِيَتَانِ تَسْعَيَانِ مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فَأَخَذَتَا بِرُكْبَتِهِ فَفَزِعَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَلَمْ يَنْصَرِفْ»  

"I was in front of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when he was praying, and when I wanted to leave I did not want to get up and pass in front of him, so I just slipped away slowly and quietly." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 755)  

«كُنْتُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ يُصَلِّي فَإِذَا أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَقُومَ كَرِهْتُ أَنْ أَقُومَ فَأَمُرُّ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ انْسَلَلْتُ انْسِلَالًا»  

It was narrated from Busr bin Sa'eed said that Zaid bin Khalid sent him to Abu Juhaim to ask him what he had heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say about one who passes in front of a person who is praying? Abu Juhaim said: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺsaid: "If the one who passes in front of a person who is praying knew what (burden of sin) there is on him, standing for forty would be better for him than passing in front of him." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 756)  

سَمِعَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي الْمَارِّ بَيْنَ يَدَيِ الْمُصَلِّي؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو جُهَيْمٍ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «لَوْ يَعْلَمُ الْمَارُّ بَيْنَ يَدَيِ الْمُصَلِّي مَاذَا عَلَيْهِ لَكَانَ أَنْ يَقِفَ أَرْبَعِينَ خَيْرًا لَهُ مِنْ أَنْ يَمُرَّ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ»  

When any one of you prays, he should not allow anyone to pass before him, and if he refuses, he should be then forcibly resisted, for there is a devil with him. (Using translation from Muslim 506a)  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ «إِذَا كَانَ أَحَدُكُمْ يُصَلِّي فَلَا يَدَعْ أَحَدًا يَمُرُّ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَإِنْ أَبَى فَلْيُقَاتِلْهُ فَإِنَّ مَعَهُ الْقَرِينَ»  

It was narrated from Kathir bin Kathir, from his father, that his grandfather said: "I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ circumambulate the House seven times, then he prayed two Rak'ahs at the edge of the Maqam, and there was nothing between him and the people who were performing Tawaf." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 758)  

«رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ طَافَ بِالْبَيْتِ سَبْعًا ثُمَّ صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ بِحِذَائِهِ فِي حَاشِيَةِ الْمَقَامِ وَلَيْسَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الطَّوَافِ أَحَدٌ»  

"The Messenger of Allah ﷺused to pray at night while I was lying down sleeping between him and the Qibla on his bed. When he wanted to pray witr he would wake me up and I would pray witr" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 759)  

«كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُصَلِّي مِنَ اللَّيْلِ وَأنا رَاقِدَةٌ مُعْتَرِضَةٌ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الْقِبْلَةِ عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ فَإِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يُوتِرَ أَيْقَظَنِي فَأَوْتَرْتُ»  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: Do not sit on the graves, and do not pray facing them. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3229)  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «لَا تُصَلُّوا إِلَى الْقُبُورِ وَلَا تَجْلِسُوا عَلَيْهَا»  

"In my house there was a cloth on which there were images, which I covered a closet which is in the house, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to pray toward it. Then he said: '0 Aisha, take it away from me.' So I removed it and made pillows out of it." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 761)  

كَانَ فِي بَيْتِي ثَوْبٌ فِيهِ تَصَاوِيرُ فَجَعَلْتُهُ إِلَى سَهْوَةٍ فِي الْبَيْتِ فَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُصَلِّي إِلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ «يَا عَائِشَةُ أَخِّرِيهِ عَنِّي فَنَزَعْتُهُ فَجَعَلْتُهُ وَسَائِدَ»  

"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ had a mat which he would spread in the day and make into a small booth at night to pray in it. The people found out about that and they prayed when he prayed, with the mat in between him and them. He said: 'Do as much of good deeds as you can, for Allah does not get tired (of giving reward) until you get tired. And the most beloved of deeds to Allah are those that are continuous, even if they are few.' Then he stopped that prayer and did not return to it until Allah took him (in death), and if he started to do something he would persist in it." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 762)   

كَانَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ حَصِيرَةٌ يَبْسُطُهَا تَعْنِي بِالنَّهَارِ وَيَحْتَجِزُ بِهَا باللَّيْلِ فَيُصَلِّي فِيهَا فَفَطِنَ لَهُ النَّاسُ فَصَلَّوْا بِصَلَاتِهِ وَبَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهُمُ الْحَصِيرَةُ فَقَالَ «اكْلَفُوا مِنَ الْعَمَلِ مَا تُطِيقُونَ فَإِنَّ اللهَ لَا يَمَلُّ حَتَّى تَمَلُّوا فَإِنَّ أَحَبَّ الْعَمَلِ إِلَى اللهِ أَدْوَمُهُ» وَإِنْ قَلَّ ثُمَّ تَرَكَ مُصَلَّاهُ ذَلِكَ فَمَا عَادَ لَهُ حَتَّى قَبَضَهُ اللهُ وَكَانَ إِذَا عَمِلَ عَمَلًا أَثْبَتَهُ  

A person asked Messenger of Allah ﷺ about the offering of the prayer in a single garment. Messenger of Allah ﷺ replied, "Has every one of you got two garments?" (Using translation from Bukhārī 358)  

أَنَّ سَائِلًا سَأَلَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ فِي ثَوْبٍ وَاحِدٍ قَالَ «أَوَلِكُلِّكُمْ ثَوْبَانِ؟»  

It was narrated from Umar bin Abi Salamah that he saw Messenger of Allah ﷺpraying in a single garment in the house of Umm Salamah, putting the ends of it on his shoulders." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 764)  

أَنَّهُ رَأَى رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ «يُصَلِّي فِي ثَوْبٍ وَاحِدٍ فِي بَيْتِ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ وَاضِعًا طَرَفَيْهِ عَلَى عَاتِقَيْهِ»  

" I said: 'O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, I go hunting wearing nothing but a single shirt. Can I pray in it?' He said: 'Fasten it to yourself even with a thorn.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 765)  

قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنِّي أَكُونُ فِي الصَّيْدِ وَلَيْسَ عَلَيَّ إِلَّا قَمِيصٌ فَأُصَلِّي فِيهِ قَالَ «زُرَّهُ عَلَيْكَ وَلَوْ بِشَوْكَةٍ»  

"Some men used to pray with Messenger of Allah ﷺ tying their lower garments tight like children, it was said to the women: 'Do not raise your heads until the men have sat up completely.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 766)  

«كَانَ رِجَالٌ يُصَلُّونَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ عَاقِدِينَ أُزُرَهُمْ كَهَيْئَةِ الصِّبْيَانِ فَقِيلَ لِلنِّسَاءِ لَا تَرْفَعْنَ رُءُوسَكُنَّ حَتَّى يَسْتَوِي الرِّجَالُ جُلُوسًا»  

"When my people came back from the Prophet ﷺthey said that he had said: 'Let the one who recites the Quran most lead you in prayer.' So they called me and taught me how to bow and prostrate, and I used to lead them in prayer, wearing a torn cloak, and they used to say to my father: 'Will you not conceal your son's backside from us?"' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 767)  

لَمَّا رَجَعَ قَوْمِي مِنْ عِنْدِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالُوا قَالَ «لِيَؤُمَّكُمْ أَكْثَرُكُمْ قِرَاءَةً لِلْقُرْآنِ» قَالَ فَدَعَوْنِي فَعَلَّمُونِي الرُّكُوعَ وَالسُّجُودَ فَكُنْتُ أُصَلِّي بِهِمْ وَكَانَتْ عَلَيَّ بُرْدَةٌ مَفْتُوقَةٌ فَكَانُوا يَقُولُونَ لِأَبِي أَلَا تُغَطِّي عَنَّا اسْتَ ابْنِكَ  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ would pray at night while I lay by his side during my menstrual period. A sheet of cloth would be partly on me and partly on him. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 370)  

«كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُصَلِّي بِاللَّيْلِ وَأَنَا إِلَى جَنْبِهِ وَأَنَا حَائِضٌ وَعَلَيَّ مِرْطٌ بَعْضُهُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ»  

The Prophet ﷺ said, "None of you should offer prayer in a single garment that does not cover the shoulders." (Using translation from Bukhārī 359)  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «لَا يُصَلِّيَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ فِي الثَّوْبِ الْوَاحِدِ لَيْسَ عَلَى عَاتِقِهِ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ»  

The Prophet ﷺ was given a silken Farruj [??] as a present. He wore it while praying. When he had finished his prayer, he took it off violently as if with a strong aversion to it and said, "It is not the dress of Allah-fearing pious people." (Using translation from Bukhārī 375)  

أُهْدِيَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَرُّوجُ حَرِيرٍ فَلَبِسَهُ ثُمَّ صَلَّى فِيهِ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ فَنَزَعَهُ نَزْعًا شَدِيدًا كَالْكَارِهِ لَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ «لَا يَنْبَغِي هَذَا لِلْمُتَّقِينَ»  

Once the Prophet ﷺ prayed on a Khamisa with marks on it and said, "The marks on it diverted my attention, take this Khamisa to Abu Jahm and bring an Inbijaniya (from him.)" (Using translation from Bukhārī 752)  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ صَلَّى فِي خَمِيصَةٍ لَهَا أَعْلَامٌ ثُمَّ قَالَ «شَغَلَتْنِي أَعْلَامُ هَذِهِ اذْهَبُوا بِهَا إِلَى أَبِي جَهْمٍ وَائْتُونِي بِإِنْبِجَانِيَّةٍ»  

It was narrated from Awn bin Abi Juhaifah, from his father that, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ went out in a red Hullah, and he set up a short spear (Anazah) and prayed facing toward it, while dogs, women and donkeys were passing beyond it. (Using translation from Nasāʾī 772)  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ «خَرَجَ فِي حُلَّةٍ حَمْرَاءَ فَرَكَزَ عَنَزَةً يُصَلِّي إِلَيْهَا يَمُرُّ مِنْ وَرَائِهَا الْكَلْبُ وَالْمَرْأَةُ وَالْحِمَارُ»  

"I heard Aisha (ra) say: 'The Messenger of Allah ﷺ, Abii Al-Qbim, and I were beneath a single blanket, and I was menstruating. If something got on him from me, he would wash whatever had got on him and he did not wash anywhere else, and he prayed in it then came back to me.And if anything got on him from me,he would do exactly the same and he did not wash anywhere else."' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 773)  

سَمِعْتُ عَائِشَةَ تَقُولُ «كُنْتُ أَنَا وَرَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ فِي الشِّعَارِ الْوَاحِدِ وَأَنَا حَائِضٌ طَامِثٌ فَإِنْ أَصَابَهُ مِنِّي شَيْءٌ غَسَلَ مَا أَصَابَهُ لَمْ يَعُدُهُ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ وَصَلَّى فِيهِ ثُمَّ يَعُودُ مَعِي فَإِنْ أَصَابَهُ مِنِّي شَيْءٌ فَعَلَ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ لَمْ يَعُدُهُ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ»  

"I saw Jarir urinate, then he called for water and performed wudhu, and wiped over his Khuffs, then he stood up and prayed. He was asked about that and he said: 'I saw the Prophet ﷺ do exactly like this.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 774)  

«رَأَيْتُ جَرِيرًا بَالَ ثُمَّ دَعَا بِمَاءٍ فَتَوَضَّأَ وَمَسَحَ عَلَى خُفَّيْهِ ثُمَّ قَامَ فَصَلَّى فَسُئِلَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ» فَقَالَ «رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ صَنَعَ مِثْلَ هَذَا»  

I asked Anas (bin Malik), "Did the Prophet ﷺ use to offer the prayers with his shoes on?" He said, "Yes." (Using translation from Bukhārī 5850)  

سَأَلْتُ أَنَسًا أَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُصَلِّي فِي النَّعْلَيْنِ قَالَ «نَعَمْ»  

It was narrated from Abdullah bin As Saib that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed on the day of Conquest (of Makkah), and he put his sandals to his left. (Using translation from Nasāʾī 776)  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ «صَلَّى يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ فَوَضَعَ نَعْلَيْهِ عَنْ يَسَارِهِ»  

"When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed away, the Ansar said: 'Let there be an Amir from among us and an Amir from among you.' Then 'Umar came to them and said: 'Do you not know that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer? Who mong you could accept to put himself ahead of Abu Bakr?' They said: 'We seek refuge with Allah from putting ourselves ahead of Abu Bakr."' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 777)  

لَمَّا قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ مِنَّا أَمِيرٌ وَمِنْكُمْ أَمِيرٌ فَأَتَاهُمْ عُمَرُ فَقَالَ أَلَسْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَدْ أَمْرَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَنْ يُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ؟ فَأَيُّكُمْ تَطِيبُ نَفْسُهُ أَنْ يَتَقَدَّمَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ؟ قَالُوا نَعُوذُ بِاللهِ أَنْ نَتَقَدَّمَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ  

Ibn Ziyad delayed the prayer. 'Abdullah b. Samit came to me and I placed a chair for him and he sat in it and I made a mention of whit Ibn Ziyad had done. He bit hit lips (as a sign of extreme anger and annoyance) and struck at my thigh and said: I asked Abu Dharr as you have asked me, and he struck my thigh just as I have struck your thigh, and said: I asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as you have asked me and he struck my thigh just as I have struck your thigh, and he (the Holy Prophet) said: Observe prayer at its prescribed time, and if you can say prayer along with them. do so, and do not say." I have observed prayer and so I shall not pray." (Using translation from Muslim 648e)  

وَقَالَ إِنِّي سَأَلْتُ أَبَا ذَرٍّ عَمَّا سَأَلْتَنِي فَضَرَبَ فَخِذِي كَمَا ضَرَبْتُ فَخِذَكَ فَقَالَ إِنِّي سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَمَا سَأَلْتَنِي فَضَرَبَ فَخِذِي كَمَا ضَرَبْتُ فَخِذَكَ وَقَالَ «صَلِّ الصَّلَاةَ لِوَقْتِهَا فَإِنْ أَدْرَكَتْكَ مَعَهُمْ فَصَلِّ وَلَا تَقُلْ إِنِّي صَلَّيْتُ فَلَا أُصَلِّي»  

"The Messenger of Allah ﷺsaid: 'Let the one who has most knowledge of the Book of Allah lead the people in prayer. If they are equal in terms of knowledge of the Qur'h, let the one who emigrated first (lead them). If they are equal in terms of emigration, let the one who has more knowledge of the Sunnah, (lead them). If they are equal in terms of knowledge of the Sunnah, let the one who is oldest (lead them). Do not lead a man in prayer in his place of authority, and do not sit in his place of honor, unless he gives you permission."' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 780)  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «يَؤُمُّ الْقَوْمُ أَقْرَؤُهُمْ لِكِتَابِ اللهِ فَإِنْ كَانُوا فِي الْقِرَاءَةِ سَوَاءً فَأَقْدَمُهُمْ فِي الْهِجْرَةِ فَإِنْ كَانُوا فِي الْهِجْرَةِ سَوَاءً فَأَعْلَمُهُمْ بِالسُّنَّةِ فَإِنْ كَانُوا فِي السُّنَّةِ سَوَاءً فَأَقْدَمُهُمْ سِنًّا وَلَا تَؤُمَّ الرَّجُلَ فِي سُلْطَانِهِ وَلَا تَقْعُدْ عَلَى تَكْرِمَتِهِ فِي بَيْتِهِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَأْذَنَ لَكَ»  

"I came to the Prophet ﷺ with a cousin of mine" - on an another occasion he said: "with a companion of mine" - "and he said: 'When the two of you travel, call the Adhan and the Iqamah, and let the older of you lead the prayer.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 634)  

أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَا وَابْنُ عَمٍّ لِي وَقَالَ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى أَنَا وَصَاحِبٌ لِي فَقَالَ «إِذَا سَافَرْتُمَا فَأَذِّنَا وَأَقِيمَا وَلْيَؤُمَّكُمَا أَكْبَرُكُمَا»  

When there are three persons, one of them should lead them. The one among them most worthy to act as Imam is one who is best versed in the Qur'an. (Using translation from Muslim 672a)  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «إِذَا كَانُوا ثَلَاثَةً فَلْيَؤُمَّهُمْ أَحَدُهُمْ وَأَحَقُّهُمْ بِالْإِمَامَةِ أَقْرَؤُهُمْ»  

"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'A man should not be led in prayer in his place of authority, and no one should sit in his place of honor except with his permission."' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 783)  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «لَا يَؤُمُّ الرَّجُلُ فِي سُلْطَانِهِ وَلَا يُجْلَسُ عَلَى تَكْرِمَتِهِ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ»  

The news about the differences amongst the people of Bani ʿAmr bin ʿAuf reached Messenger of Allah ﷺ and so he went to them along with some of his companions to effect a reconciliation between them. Messenger of Allah ﷺ was delayed there, and the time of the prayer was due. Bilal went to Abu Bakr and said to him, "Messenger of Allah ﷺ has been delayed (there) and the time of prayer is due. So will you lead the people in prayer?" Abu Bakr said, "Yes, if you wish." Bilal pronounced the Iqama and Abu Bakr, went forward and said Takbir for the people. In the meantime Messenger of Allah ﷺ came crossing the rows (of the praying people) and stood in the (first) row and the people started clapping. Abu Bakr, would never glance sideways in his prayer but when the people clapped much he looked back and ﷺ Messenger of Allah ﷺ . Messenger of Allah ﷺ beckoned him to carry on the prayer. Abu Bakr raised his hands and thanked Allah, and retreated till he reached the (first) row. Messenger of Allah ﷺ went forward and led the people in the prayer. When he completed the prayer he faced the people and said, "O people! Why did you start clapping when something unusual happened to you in the prayer? Clapping is only for women. So whoever amongst you comes across something in the prayer should say, 'Subhan-Allah' for there is none who will not turn round on hearing him saying Subhan-Allah. O Abu Bakr! What prevented you from leading the people in the prayer when I beckoned you to do so?" Abu Bakr replied, "How dare the son of Abu Quhafa lead the prayer in the presence of Messenger of Allah ﷺ ?" (Using translation from Bukhārī 1234)  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بَلَغَهُ أَنَّ بَنِي عَمْرِو بْنِ عَوْفٍ كَانَ بَيْنَهُمْ شَيْءٌ فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ يُصْلِحُ بَيْنَهُمْ فِي أُنَاسٍ مَعَهُ فَحُبِسَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَحَانَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فَجَاءَ بِلَالٌ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَدْ حُبِسَ وَحَانَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فَهَلْ لَكَ أَنْ تَؤُمَّ النَّاسَ قَالَ نَعَمْ إِنْ شِئْتَ فَأَقَامَ بِلَالٌ وَتَقَدَّمَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَكَبَّرَ لِلنَّاسِ وَجَاءَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَمْشِي فِي الصُّفُوفِ حَتَّى قَامَ فِي الصَّفِّ وَأَخَذَ النَّاسُ فِي التَّصْفِيقِ وَكَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لَا يَلْتَفِتُ فِي صَلَاتِهِ فَلَمَّا كَثُرَ النَّاسُ الْتَفَتَ فَإِذَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَشَارَ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَأْمُرُهُ أَنْ يُصَلِّي فَرَفَعَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَدَيْهِ فَحَمِدَ اللهَ وَرَجَعَ الْقَهْقَرَى حَتَّى قَامَ فِي الصَّفِّ فَتَقَدَّمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَصَلَّى لِلنَّاسِ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى النَّاسِ فَقَالَ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ مَا لَكُمْ حِينَ نَابَكُمْ شَيْءٌ فِي الصَّلَاةِ أَخَذْتُمْ فِي التَّصْفِيقِ إِنَّمَا التَّصْفِيقُ لِلنِّسَاءِ مَنْ نَابَهُ شَيْءٌ فِي صَلَاتِهِ فَلْيَقُلْ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَسْمَعُهُ أَحَدٌ حِينَ يَقُولُ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ إِلَّا الْتَفَتَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ مَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ لِلنَّاسِ حِينَ أَشَرْتُ إِلَيْكَ؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مَا كَانَ يَنْبَغِي لِابْنِ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ أَنْ يَتَقَدَّمَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ  

"In the last prayer that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed with the people, he prayed wrapped up in a single garment, behind Abu Bakr." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 785)  

«آخِرُ صَلَاةٍ صَلَّاهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَعَ الْقَوْمِ صَلَّى فِي ثَوْبٍ وَاحِدٍ مُتَوَشِّحًا خَلْفَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ»  

It was narrated from Aisha that Abu Bakr led the people in prayer and the Messenger of Allah ﷺwas in the row. (Using translation from Nasāʾī 786)   

أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ صَلَّى بِالنَّاسِ وَرَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي الصَّفِّ  

"I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: 'When any one of you visits some people,he should not lead them in prayer."' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 787)  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ «إِذَا زَارَ أَحَدُكُمْ قَوْمًا فَلَا يُصَلِّيَنَّ بِهِمْ»  

ʿItban bin Malik used to lead his people (tribe) in prayer and was a blind man, he said to Allah's Apostle , "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! At times it is dark and flood water is flowing (in the valley) and I am blind man, so please pray at a place in my house so that I can take it as a Musalla (praying place)." So Messenger of Allah ﷺ went to his house and said, "Where do you like me to pray?" 'Itban pointed to a place in his house and Messenger of Allah ﷺ, offered the prayer there. (Using translation from Bukhārī 667)  

وَأَنَّهُ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّهَا تَكُونُ الظُّلْمَةُ وَالْمَطَرُ وَالسَّيْلُ وَأَنَا رَجُلٌ ضَرِيرُ الْبَصَرِ فَصَلِّ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فِي بَيْتِي مَكَانًا أتَّخِذْهُ مُصَلًّى؟ فَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ «أَيْنَ تُحِبُّ أَنْ أُصَلِّيَ؟» فَأَشَارَ إِلَى مَكَانٍ مِنَ الْبَيْتِ فَصَلَّى فِيهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ  

"Riders used to pass by us and we would leam the Qur'an from them. My father came to the Prophet ﷺ and he said: 'Let the one of you who knows most Qur'an leads the prayer.' My father came and said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had said: 'Let the one of you who knows most Quran lead you in prayer.' They looked and found that I was the one who knew most Qur'an, so I used to lead them in prayer when I was eight years old.' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 789)  

كَانَ يَمُرُّ عَلَيْنَا الرُّكْبَانُ فَنَتَعَلَّمُ مِنْهُمُ الْقُرْآنَ فَأَتَى أَبِي النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ «لِيَؤُمَّكُمْ أَكْثَرُكُمْ قُرْآنًا» فَجَاءَ أَبِي فَقَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ «يَؤُمُّكُمْ أَكْثَرُكُمْ قُرْآنًا» فَنَظَرُوا فَكُنْتُ أَكْثَرَهُمْ قُرْآنًا فَكُنْتُ أَؤُمُّهُمْ وَأَنَا ابْنُ ثَمَانِ سِنِينٍ  

"The messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'When the call to prayer is given, do not stand up until you see me.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 790)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «إِذَا نُودِيَ بِالصَّلَاةِ فَلَا تَقُومُوا حَتَّى تَرَوْنِي»  

"The Iqamah for prayer was said, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was conversing privately with a man, and did not commence the prayer until the people slept." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 791)  

«أُقِيمَتِ الصَّلَاةُ وَرَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ نَجِيٌّ لِرَجُلٍ فَمَا قَامَ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ حَتَّى نَامَ الْقَوْمُ»  

"The Iqamah for prayer was said and the people stood in rows, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came out. Then when he stood in the place where he prayed, he remembered that he had not performed Ghusl. He said to the people: 'Stay where you are.' Then he went back to his house, then he came out with his head dripping with water. He performed Ghusl while we were standing in our rows." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 792)  

أُقِيمَتِ الصَّلَاةُ وَصَفَّ النَّاسُ صُفُوفَهُمْ وَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حَتَّى إِذَا قَامَ فِي مُصَلَّاهُ ذَكَرَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَغْتَسِلْ فَقَالَ لِلنَّاسِ «مَكَانَكُمْ» ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى بَيْتِهِ فَخَرَجَ عَلَيْنَا يَنْطِفُ رَأْسَهُ قَدِ اغْتَسَلَ وَنَحْنُ صُفُوفٌ  

"There was some fighting among Banu 'Amr bin 'Awf, and news of that reached the Prophet ﷺ. He prayed Zuhr, then he went to them to reconcile between them. Then he said to Bilal: 'O Bilal, if the time for Asr comes and I have not come back, then tell Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer.' When the time (for Asr) came, Bilal called the Adhan, then the Iqamah, then he said to Abu Bakr: 'Go forward. So Abu Bakr went forward and started to pray. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came and started passing through the rows of people until he stood behind Abu Bakr, and the people clapped. Abu Bakr was such that whenever he started praying, he would never glance sideways, but when he noticed that the clapping persisted he turned around. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ gestured to him to carry on praying. Abu Bakr praised Allah the Mighty and Sublime for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ having told him to continue. Then Abu Bakr moved backward on his heels, and when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saw that, he came forward and led the people in prayer. When he completed the prayer he said: 'O Abu Bakr, when I gestured to you, what kept you from continuing (to lead the people)?' He said: 'It does not befit the son of Abu Quhafah to lead the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in prayer.' And he (the Prophet) said to the people: 'If you notice something (during the prayer), men should say Subhan Allah and women should clap.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 793)  

قَالَ سَهْلُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ كَانَ قِتَالٌ بَيْنَ بَنِي عَمْرِو بْنِ عَوْفٍ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَصَلَّى الظُّهْرَ ثُمَّ أَتَاهُمْ لِيُصْلِحَ بَيْنَهُمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِبِلَالٍ «يَا بِلَالُ إِذَا حَضَرَ الْعَصْرُ وَلَمْ آتِ فَمُرْ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَلْيُصَلِّ بِالنَّاسِ» فَلَمَّا حَضَرَتْ أَذَّنَ بِلَالٌ ثُمَّ أَقَامَ فَقَالَ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ تَقَدَّمَ فَتَقَدَّمَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَدَخَلَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ ثُمَّ جَاءَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَجَعَلَ يَشُقَّ النَّاسَ حَتَّى قَامَ خَلْفَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَصَفَّحَ الْقَوْمُ وَكَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ إِذَا دَخَلَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ لَمْ يَلْتَفِتْ فَلَمَّا رَأَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ التَّصْفِيحَ لَا يُمْسِكُ عَنْهُ الْتَفَتَ فَأَوْمَأَ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِيَدِهِ فَحَمِدَ اللهَ عَلَى قَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ لَهُ «امْضِهْ» ثُمَّ مَشَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْقَهْقَرَى عَلَى عَقِبَيْهِ فَتَأَخَّرَ فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ تَقَدَّمَ فَصَلَّى بِالنَّاسِ فَلَمَّا قَضَى صَلَاتَهُ قَالَ «يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ مَا مَنَعَكَ إِذْ أَوْمَأْتُ إِلَيْكَ أَنْ لَا تَكُونَ مَضَيْتَ» فَقَالَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِابْنِ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ أَنْ يَؤُمَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ وَقَالَ لِلنَّاسِ «إِذَا نَابَكُمْ شَيْءٌ فَلْيُسَبِّحِ الرِّجَالُ وَلْيُصَفِّحِ النِّسَاءُ»