[Machine] "With the nation of Muhammad ﷺ , both his nation and his people bear witness to his message and bear witness for the messengers that they have conveyed."  

فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {فَاكْتُبْنَا مَعَ الشَّاهِدِينَ} [آل عمران 53] قَالَ «مَعَ أُمَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ وَأُمَّتُهُ شَهِدُوا لَهُ بِالْبَلَاغِ وَشَهِدُوا لِلرُّسُلِ أَنَّهُمْ قَدْ بَلَّغُوا»  

[Machine] "Approach the people and they started feeding him. There was a man among them in a corner. Abdullah said, 'Approach.' He said, 'I do not want to.' Abdullah asked, 'Why?' He said, 'Because I have prohibited breastfeeding.' Abdullah said, 'This is from the steps of Satan.' Abdullah said, 'O you who have believed, do not prohibit the good things which Allah has made lawful to you and do not transgress. Indeed, Allah does not like transgressors.' [Al-Ma'idah: 87] Approach, eat, and cleanse your right hand, for this is from the steps of Satan."  

لِلْقَوْمِ ادْنُو فَأَخَذُوا يَطْعَمُونَهُ وَكَانَ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ فِي نَاحِيَةٍ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ ادْنُ فَقَالَ إِنِّي لَا أُرِيدُهُ فَقَالَ لِمَ؟ قَالَ لِأَنِّي حَرَّمْتُ الضَّرْعَ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ هَذَا مِنْ خُطُوَاتِ الشَّيْطَانِ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تُحَرِّمُوا طَيِّبَاتِ مَا أَحَلَّ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ وَلَا تَعْتَدُوا إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ الْمُعْتَدِينَ} [المائدة 87] ادْنُ فَكُلْ وَكَفِّرْ عَنْ يَمِينِكَ فَإِنَّ هَذَا مِنْ خُطُوَاتِ الشَّيْطَانِ  

[Machine] He witnessed two Christian men testify about the will of a Muslim man who died in their presence. He said, "The family of the deceased had doubts about the will, so they brought both of them to Abu Musa Al-Ash'ari. He then made both of them swear by Allah after the Asr prayer that they did not purchase it for a price nor hide the testimony of Allah. If they did, then they would be among the sinners." Aamir said, "Then Abu Musa Al-Ash'ari said, 'By Allah, this is a true story, certified by the condition of the two Shaykhs (referring to Imam Bukhari and Imam Muslim), and they did not exclude it from their collections.'"  

أَنَّهُ شَهِدَ عِنْدَهُ رَجُلَانِ نَصْرَانِيَّانِ عَلَى وَصِيَّةِ رَجُلٍ مُسْلِمٍ مَاتَ عِنْدَهُمْ قَالَ فَارْتَابَ أَهْلُ الْوَصِيَّةِ فَأَتَوْا بِهِمَا أَبَا مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيَّ فَاسْتَحْلَفَهُمَا بَعْدَ صَلَاةِ الْعَصْرِ بِاللَّهِ مَا اشْتَرِيَا بِهِ ثَمَنًا وَلَا كَتَمَا شَهَادَةَ اللَّهِ إِنَّا إِذًا لَمِنَ الْآثِمِينَ قَالَ عَامِرٌ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيُّ وَاللَّهِ إِنَّ هَذِهِ لَقِصَّةٌ «صَحِيحٌ عَلَى شَرْطِ الشَّيْخَيْنِ وَلَمْ يُخْرِجَاهُ» على شرط البخاري ومسلم  

[Machine] "Quraysh to the Prophet (pbuh): "Invoke Allah, your Lord, to make Safa into gold for us, and we will believe in you." The Prophet (pbuh) asked, "Will you really do so?" They replied, "Yes." So, he supplicated to Allah, and Jibril came to him and said, "Verily, your Lord greets you with peace and says, 'If you wish, I will make Safa into gold for them, and whoever among them disbelieves, I will punish them with a punishment that I will not inflict upon anyone from the worlds. And if you wish, I will open for them the doors of repentance and mercy.'" The Prophet (pbuh) said, "O Lord, the door of repentance and mercy.""  

قُرَيْشٌ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ ادْعُ اللَّهَ رَبَّكَ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ لَنَا الصَّفَا ذَهَبًا وَنُؤْمِنَ بِكَ قَالَ «أَوَ تَفْعَلُونَ؟» قَالُوا نَعَمْ فَدَعَا اللَّهَ فَأَتَاهُ جِبْرِيلُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ يَقْرَأُ عَلَيْكَ السَّلَامَ وَيَقُولُ إِنْ شِئْتَ أَصْبَحَ لَهُمُ الصَّفَا ذَهَبًا فَمَنْ كَفَرَ مِنْهُمْ عَذَّبْتُهُ عَذَابًا لَا أُعَذِّبُهُ أَحَدًا مِنَ الْعَالَمِينَ وَإِنْ شِئْتَ فَتَحْتُ لَهُمْ أَبْوَابَ التَّوْبَةِ وَالرَّحْمَةِ؟ قَالَ «يَا رَبِّ بَابَ التَّوْبَةِ وَالرَّحْمَةَ»  

[Machine] When Surah Al-An'am was revealed, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ glorified and then said, "This Surah has gathered a multitude of angels that fill the horizons."  

لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ سُورَةُ الْأَنْعَامِ سَبَّحَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ قَالَ «لَقَدْ شَيَّعَ هَذِهِ السُّورَةَ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ مَا سَدَّ الْأُفُقَ»  

[Machine] "They have two periods: the term of this worldly life and a term in the Hereafter, with a fixed time determined by Him alone. No one knows it except Allah. And His words: 'And even if We had sent down to you a written scripture on a page and they touched it with their hands' [Surah Al-An'am 6:7] - He said: They touched it and looked at it, but they did not believe in it."  

هُمَا أَجَلَانِ أَجَلُ الدُّنْيَا وَأَجَلٌ فِي الْآخِرَةِ مُسَمًّى عِنْدَهُ لَا يَعْلَمُهُ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَقَوْلُهُ {وَلَوْ نَزَّلْنَا عَلَيْكَ كِتَابًا فِي قِرْطَاسٍ فَلَمَسُوهُ بِأَيْدِيهِمْ} [الأنعام 7] قَالَ مَسُّوهُ وَنَظَرُوا إِلَيْهِ لَمْ يُؤْمِنُوا بِهِ  

[Machine] She stayed in the house of Abu Talib, who used to forbid the polytheists from harming the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and kept himself away from what he had brought.  

نَزَلَتْ فِي أَبِي طَالِبٍ كَانَ يَنْهَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ أَنْ يُؤْذُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَيَتَبَاعَدُ عَمَّا جَاءَ بِهِ صحيح  

[Machine] It descended upon Abu Talib, he was "Forbidding the polytheists from harming him and keeping away from him." The narration of Hamza bin Habib is authentic according to the criteria of the two Sheikhs, and they did not exclude it.  

نَزَلَتْ فِي أَبِي طَالِبٍ كَانَ «يَنْهَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ أَنْ يُؤْذُوهُ وَيَنْأَى عَنْهُ» حَدِيثُ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ صَحِيحٌ عَلَى شَرْطِ الشَّيْخَيْنِ وَلَمْ يُخْرِجَاهُ  

[Machine] "O Muhammad, we know that you maintain family ties and speak the truth, and we do not consider you a liar. However, we reject the message that you have brought. So Allah, the Almighty, revealed: 'We know that what they say grieves you. Indeed, they do not deny you [Muhammad], but it is the verses of Allah that the wrongdoers reject.'" [Surah Al-An'am, verse 33]  

أَبُو جَهْلٍ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَدْ نَعْلَمُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَنَّكَ تَصِلُ الرَّحِمَ وَتَصْدُقُ الْحَدِيثَ وَلَا نُكَذِّبُكَ وَلَكِنْ نُكَذِّبُ الَّذِي جِئْتَ بِهِ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ﷻ {قَدْ نَعْلَمُ إِنَّهُ لَيَحْزُنُكَ الَّذِي يَقُولُونَ فَإِنَّهُمْ لَا يُكَذِّبُونَكَ وَلَكِنَّ الظَّالِمِينَ بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِ يَجْحَدُونَ} [الأنعام 33]  

[Machine] Abu Huraira said about the saying of Allah Almighty {Nations like you} [Al-An'am: 38], "All creatures will be gathered on the Day of Judgment: animals, beasts, birds, and everything. Then, Allah's justice will extend to the extent that He will take vengeance for the horned animals from those who wronged them. Then He will say, 'Be dust.' That is what the disbeliever will say, 'I wish I was dust.' " Jafar al-Jizri is the son of Burqan, who was cited as evidence by a Muslim, and it is authentic according to his conditions, and it has not been rejected.  

عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {أُمَمٌ أَمْثَالُكُمْ} [الأنعام 38] قَالَ يُحْشَرُ الْخَلْقُ كُلُّهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ الْبَهَائِمُ وَالدَّوَابُّ وَالطَّيْرُ وَكُلُّ شَيْءٍ فَيَبْلُغُ مِنْ عَدْلِ اللَّهِ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ لِلْجَمَّاءِ مِنَ الْقَرْنَاءِ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ كُونِي تُرَابًا فَذَلِكَ {يَقُولُ الْكَافِرُ يَا لَيْتَنِي كُنْتُ تُرَابًا} [النبأ 40] «جَعْفَرٌ الْجِذْرِيُّ هَذَا هُوَ ابْنُ بُرْقَانَ قَدِ احْتَجَّ بِهِ مُسْلِمٌ وَهُوَ صَحِيحٌ عَلَى شَرْطِهِ وَلَمْ يُخْرِجَاهُ» على شرط مسلم  

[Machine] "This is in Ibrahim and his companions, it is not in this Ummah."  

«هَذِهِ فِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَأَصْحَابِهِ لَيْسَتْ فِي هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ»  

[Machine] "The settled (meaning a fetus) is what was in the womb, whether it is alive or has already died, and the entrusted is what is in the grave."  

فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {يَعْلَمُ مُسْتَقَرَّهَا وَمُسْتَوْدَعَهَا} [هود 6] قَالَ «الْمُسْتَقَرُّ مَا كَانَ فِي الرَّحِمِ مِمَّا هُوَ حَيٌّ وَمِمَّا هُوَ قَدْ مَاتَ وَالْمُسْتَوْدَعُ مَا فِي الصُّلْبِ»  

[Machine] Oh, for your mother! That is his light, and he is his light. When he manifests with his light, nothing can reach him.  

أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ هَلْ رَأَى مُحَمَّدٌ رَبَّهُ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ رَأَى كَأَنَّ قَدَمَيْهِ عَلَى خَضِرَةٍ دُونَهُ سِتْرٌ مِنْ لُؤْلُؤٍ فَقُلْتُ يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ أَلَيْسَ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ {لَا تُدْرِكُهُ الْأَبْصَارُ وَهُوَ يُدْرِكُ الْأَبْصَارَ} [الأنعام 103] قَالَ يَا لَا أُمَّ لَكَ ذَاكَ نُورُهُ وَهُوَ نُورُهُ إِذَا تَجَلَّى بِنُورِهِ لَا يُدْرِكُهُ شَيْءٌ  

[Machine] The cargo is what a camel and the small rugs carried.  

الْحَمُولَةُ مَا حَمَلَ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ وَالْفَرْشُ الصِّغَارُ  

the Messenger of Allah forbade (the flesh of) domesticated donkeys on the Day of Khaibar. (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4336)   

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ «نَهَى عَنْ لُحُومِ الْحُمُرِ الْأَهْلِيَّةِ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ» على شرط البخاري ومسلم  

[Machine] Ibn Abbas, weakness, and stupidity are part of fate.  

ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَالْعَجْزُ وَالْكَيْسُ مِنَ الْقَدْرِ  

[Machine] I heard Ibn Abbas saying, "Indeed, in the animals there are firm signs, which are the mother of the Book." Then he recited the verse, "{Say, 'Come, I will recite what your Lord has prohibited to you'}" [Al-An'am 151].  

سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ يَقُولُ إِنَّ فِي الْأَنْعَامِ آيَاتٍ مُحْكَمَاتٍ هُنَّ أُمُّ الْكِتَابِ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ {قُلْ تَعَالَوْا أَتْلُ مَا حَرَّمَ رَبُّكُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ} [الأنعام 151] الْآيَةُ  

When Allah, Most High, revealed the verses: "Come not nigh to the orphan's property except to improve it". And "Those who unjustly eat up the property of orphans", everyone who had an orphan with him went and separated his food from his (orphan's) food, and his drink from his drink, and began to detain the remaining food which he (the orphan) himself ate or spoiled. This fell heavy on them, and they mentioned this to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. So Allah, Most High, revealed the verse: "They ask thee concerning orphans. Say: The best thing to do is what is for their good; if ye mix their affairs with yours, they are your brethren." Then they mixed their food with his food and their drink with his drink. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2871)   

لَمَّا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ {وَلَا تَقْرَبُوا مَالَ الْيَتِيمِ إِلَّا بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ} [الأنعام 152] {إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَأْكُلُونَ أَمْوَالَ الْيَتَامَى ظُلْمًا إِنَّمَا يَأْكُلُونَ فِي بُطُونِهِمْ نَارًا وَسَيَصْلَوْنَ سَعِيرًا} [النساء 10] انْطَلَقَ مَنْ كَانَ عِنْدَهُ يَتِيمٌ فَعَزَلَ طَعَامَهُ مِنْ طَعَامِهِ وَشَرَابَهُ مِنْ شَرَابِهِ فَجَعَلَ يَفْضُلُ الشَّيْءُ مِنْ طَعَامِهِ فَيُحْبَسُ لَهُ حَتَّى يَأْكُلَهُ أَوْ يَفْسَدَ فَاشْتَدَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَذَكَرُوا ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ﷻ {يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْيَتَامَى قُلْ إِصْلَاحٌ لَهُمْ خَيْرٌ وَإِنْ تُخَالِطُوهُمْ فَإِخْوَانُكُمْ} [البقرة 220] فَخَلَطُوا طَعَامَهُمْ بِطَعَامِهِمْ وَشَرَابَهُمْ بِشَرَابِهِمْ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever pledges allegiance to me based on these verses," and then he recited: {Say: "Come, I will recite what your Lord has prohibited for you"} [Al-An'am 151], until he finished reciting the three verses. "Whoever fulfills their pledge, their reward is upon Allah. Whoever falls short in anything, Allah will hold them accountable for it in this world. And whoever delays their accountability until the Hereafter, their matter is in the hands of Allah - if He wills, He will punish them, and if He wills, He will forgive them."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَنْ يُبَايِعُنِي عَلَى هَذِهِ الْآيَاتِ» ثُمَّ قَرَأَ {قُلْ تَعَالَوْا أَتْلُ مَا حَرَّمَ رَبُّكُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ} [الأنعام 151] حَتَّى خَتَمَ الْآيَاتِ الثَّلَاثَ فَمَنْ وَفَّى فَأَجْرُهُ عَلَى اللَّهِ وَمَنِ انْتَقَصَ شَيْئًا أَدْرَكَهُ اللَّهُ بِهَا فِي الدُّنْيَا كَانَتْ عُقُوبَتَهُ وَمَنْ أَخَّرَ إِلَى الْآخِرَةِ كَانَ أَمْرُهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ إِنْ شَاءَ عَذَّبَهُ وَإِنْ شَاءَ غَفَرَ لَهُ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ drew a line for us, then he drew lines on his right and left. Then he said, "This is the way of Allah, and these are different paths, on every path there is a devil calling towards it." [And, "This is My path, which is straight, so follow it, and do not follow other paths, for they will lead you away from His path."] (Surah Al-An'am, 153)  

خَطَّ لَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَطًّا ثُمَّ خَطَّ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَعَنْ شِمَالِهِ خُطُوطًا ثُمَّ قَالَ هَذَا سَبِيلُ اللَّهِ وَهَذِهِ السُّبُلُ عَلَى كُلِّ سَبِيلٍ مِنْهَا شَيْطَانٌ يَدْعُو إِلَيْهِ {وَأَنَّ هَذَا صِرَاطِي مُسْتَقِيمًا فَاتَّبِعُوهُ وَلَا تَتَّبِعُوا السُّبُلَ فَتَفَرَّقَ بِكُمْ عَنْ سَبِيلِهِ} [الأنعام 153]  

[Machine] They were created in the loins of men and formed in the wombs of women.  

خُلِقُوا فِي أَصْلَابِ الرِّجَالِ وَصُوِّرُوا فِي أَرْحَامِ النِّسَاءِ  

[Machine] From the Messenger of Allah ﷺ it was said, "Do not make faces" and he mentioned the rest of the hadith.  

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «لَا تُقَبِّحُوا الْوُجُوهَ» وَذَكَرَ بَاقِي الْحَدِيثِ  

[Machine] God created four things with His own hand: the Throne, the Gardens of Eden, Adam, and the Pen. He concealed himself from creation through four elements: fire, darkness, light, and darkness.  

خَلَقَ اللَّهُ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْيَاءٍ بِيَدِهِ الْعَرْشَ وَجَنَّاتِ عَدْنٍ وَآدَمَ وَالْقَلَمَ وَاحْتَجَبَ مِنَ الْخَلْقِ بِأَرْبَعَةٍ بِنَارٍ وَظُلْمَةٍ وَنُورٍ وَظُلْمَةٍ  

[Machine] "The clothing of Adam and Eve was like fingernails. When they tasted the tree, they started sewing for themselves from the leaves of paradise." He said, "It is the fig leaves."  

«كَانَ لِبَاسُ آدَمَ وَحَوَّاءَ مِثْلَ الظُّفُرِ فَلَمَّا ذَاقَا الشَّجَرَةَ جَعَلَا يَخْصِفَانِ عَلَيْهِمَا مِنْ وَرَقِ الْجَنَّةِ» قَالَ هُوَ وَرَقُ التِّينِ  

During the pre-Islamic days women circumambulated the Ka'ba nakedly, and said: Who would provide cloth to cover the one who is circumambulating the Ka'ba so that she would cover her private parts? And then she would say: Today will be exposed the whole or the part and what is exposed I shall not make it lawful. It was in this connection that the verse was revealed:" Adorn yourself at every place of worship" (vii. 31). (Using translation from Muslim 3028)   

كَانَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ تَطُوفُ بِالْبَيْتِ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ وَهِيَ عُرْيَانَةٌ وَعَلَى فَرْجِهَا خِرْقَةٌ وَهِيَ تَقُولُ الْيَوْمَ يَبْدُو بَعْضُهُ أَوْ كُلُّهُ فَمَا بَدَا مِنْهُ فَلَا أُحِلُّهُ فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {قُلْ مَنْ حَرَّمَ زِينَةَ اللَّهِ} [الأعراف 32]  

[Machine] The people of the heights are a group whose good deeds have surpassed the fire, and their bad deeds have kept them away from paradise. When their eyes are turned towards the companions of the fire, they say, "Our Lord, do not make us among the unjust people." While they are in this state, their Lord will look upon them and say, "Rise, enter paradise, for I have forgiven you."  

أَصْحَابُ الْأَعْرَافِ قَوْمٌ تَجَاوَزَتْ بِهِمْ حَسَنَاتُهُمُ النَّارَ وَقَصُرَتْ بِهِمْ سَيِّئَاتُهُمْ عَنِ الْجَنَّةِ فَإِذَا صُرِفَتْ أَبْصَارُهُمْ تِلْقَاءَ أَصْحَابِ النَّارِ قَالُوا رَبَّنَا لَا تَجْعَلْنَا مَعَ الْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ فَبَيْنَمَا هُمْ كَذَلِكَ إِذِ اطَّلَعَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّكَ قَالَ «قُومُوا ادْخُلُوا الْجَنَّةَ فَإِنِّي قَدْ غَفَرْتُ لَكُمْ»  

[Machine] When the Prophet passed by the rock, he said, "Do not ask for signs, as a righteous people had asked for signs before and they were given the miracle of a she-camel coming out of this rock and returning to it. But they disobeyed the order of their Lord and harmed the she-camel, so they were seized by a blast and all of them were destroyed except one man who was in the sanctuary of Allah." It was asked, "Who was he?" He replied, "Abu Rigal. When he left the sanctuary, he was afflicted with the same calamity that had befallen his people."  

لَمَّا مَرَّ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِالْحِجْرِ قَالَ «لَا تَسْأَلُوا الْآيَاتِ فَقَدْ سَأَلَهَا قَوْمُ صَالِحٍ فَكَانَتْ يَعْنِي النَّاقَةَ تَرِدُ مِنْ هَذَا الْفَجِّ وَتَصْدُرُ مِنْ هَذَا الْفَجِّ فَعَتَوْا عَنْ أَمْرِ رَبِّهِمْ فَعَقَرُوهَا فَأَخَذَتْهُمُ الصَّيْحَةُ فَأَهْمَدَ اللَّهُ مَنْ تَحْتَ السَّمَاءِ مِنْهُمْ إِلَّا رَجُلًا وَاحِدًا كَانَ فِي حَرَمِ اللَّهِ» قِيلَ مَنْ هُوَ؟ قَالَ «أَبُو رِغَالٍ فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ مِنَ الْحَرَمِ أَصَابَهُ مَا أَصَابَ قَوْمَهُ»  

[Machine] Regarding the Prophet ﷺ in his statement, Almighty Allah says, "And when his Lord manifested His glory before the mountain, He made it crumble to dust." [Surah Al-A'raf 143]. Hamad said, "This is how it is," and he placed his thumb on the joint of the right pinky finger. Humeid bin Thabit asked, "Do you narrate using something like this?" Thabit then struck the chest of Humeid with his hand and said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ narrated with it, and I do not narrate with it?"  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {فَلَمَّا تَجَلَّى رَبُّهُ لِلْجَبَلِ جَعَلَهُ دَكًّا} [الأعراف 143] قَالَ حَمَّادٌ هَكَذَا وَوَضَعَ الْإِبْهَامَ عَلَى مَفْصِلِ الْخِنْصَرِ الْأَيْمَنِ قَالَ فَقَالَ حُمَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ تُحَدِّثُ بِمِثْلِ هَذَا؟ قَالَ فَضَرَبَ ثَابِتٌ صَدْرَ حُمَيْدٍ ضَرْبَةً بِيَدِهِ وَقَالَ «رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يُحَدِّثُ بِهِ وَأَنَا لَا أُحَدِّثُ بِهِ؟»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "News is not like seeing. Indeed, Allah informed Musa (Moses) about what his people did with the calf, but he did not throw down the tablets. When he saw what they had done, he threw down the tablets."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَيْسَ الْخَبَرُ كَالْمُعَايَنَةِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ خَبَّرَ مُوسَى بِمَا صَنَعَ قَوْمُهُ فِي الْعِجْلِ فَلَمْ يُلْقِ الْأَلْوَاحَ فَلَمَّا عَايَنَ مَا صَنَعُوا أَلْقَى الْأَلْوَاحَ»  

[Machine] Harun came to the Samiri while he was making the calf, so he said to him, "What are you doing?" He replied, "It does not benefit nor harm." So Harun said, "O Allah, grant him what he requested in himself." When he left, he said, "O Allah, I ask You that he remains dusty and whenever he prostrates, he remains dusty, and when he lifts his head, he remains dusty, and this is the supplication of Harun."  

أَتَى هَارُونُ عَلَى السَّامِرِيِّ وَهُوَ يَصْنَعُ الْعِجْلَ فَقَالَ لَهُ مَا تَصْنَعُ؟ قَالَ مَا يَنْفَعُ وَلَا يَضُرُّ فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ أَعْطِهِ مَا سَأَلَكَ فِي نَفْسِهِ فَلَمَّا ذَهَبَ قَالَ «اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ أَنْ يَخُورَ فَخَارَ وَكَانَ إِذَا سَجَدَ خَارَ وَإِذَا رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ خَارَ وَذَلِكَ بِدَعْوَةِ هَارُونَ»  

[Machine] He said: "Indeed, the people of the calf said, 'This is a god with a singular form that is a strong, red wheat, with a black hair.' That is the saying of Allah Almighty: 'So We replaced the word which had been asserted upon them' [Quran 2:59]. When they refused to prostrate, Allah commanded the mountain to fall upon them, and they all perished. Then they looked at the other side of the mountain as Allah lifted it from them. They said, 'The prostration that is most beloved to Allah is the one that removes punishment from us.' So they prostrated on that part of the mountain. This is the saying of Allah Almighty: 'And [mention] when We raised the mountain above them as if it was a dark cloud' [Quran 7:171]."  

أَنَّهُ قَالَ إِنَّ أَصْحَابَ الْعِجْلِ قَالُوا هطا سقماثا أزبه مزبا وَهِيَ بِالْعَرَبِيَّةِ حِنْطَةٌ حَمْرَاءُ قَوِيَّةٌ فِيهَا شَعْرَةٌ سَوْدَاءُ فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ ﷻ {فَبَدَّلَ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا قَوْلًا غَيْرَ الَّذِي قِيلَ لَهُمْ} [البقرة 59] فَلَمَّا أَبَوْا أَنْ يَسْجُدُوا قَالَ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ الْجَبَلَ أَنْ يَقَعَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَنَظَرُوا إِلَيْهِ قَدْ غَشِيَهُمْ فَسَقَطُوا سُجَّدًا عَلَى شِقٍّ وَنَظَرُوا بِالشِّقِّ الْآخَرِ فَرَحِمَهُمُ اللَّهُ فَكَشَفَهُ عَنْهُمْ فَقَالُوا مَا سَجْدَةٌ أَحَبَّ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى مِنْ سَجْدَةٍ كَشَفَ بِهَا الْعَذَابَ عَنْكُمْ فَهُمْ يَسْجُدُونَ لِذَلِكَ عَلَى شِقٍّ فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ ﷻ {وَإِذْ نَتَقْنَا الْجَبَلَ فَوْقَهُمْ كَأَنَّهُ ظُلَّةٌ} [الأعراف 171]  

[Machine] Moses called upon Allah, so Allah sent seventy and made his supplication when he called upon for those who believe in Muhammad and follow his words, "So forgive us, have mercy upon us, and You are the best of forgivers" [Al-A'raf: 155], "So I will record it for those who fear Me and give zakah" [Al-A'raf: 156], and those who follow Muhammad and his family and send blessings upon him.  

فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {وَاخْتَارَ مُوسَى قَوْمَهُ سَبْعِينَ رَجُلًا لِمِيقَاتِنَا} [الأعراف 155] قَالَ دَعَا مُوسَى فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ سَبْعِينَ فَجَعَلَ دُعَاءَهُ حِينَ دَعَاهُ لِمَنْ آمَنَ بِمُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ وَاتَّبَعَهُ قَوْلَهُ {فَاغْفِرْ لَنَا وَارْحَمْنَا وَأَنْتَ خَيْرُ الْغَافِرِينَ} [الأعراف 155] {فَسَأَكْتُبُهَا لِلَّذِينَ يَتَّقُونَ وَيُؤْتُونَ الزَّكَاةَ} [الأعراف 156] وَالَّذِينَ يَتَّبِعُونَ مُحَمَّدًا ﷺ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ  

[Machine] "Do you know the story of Ayyub (Job)? I said, what is the story of Ayyub? He said, there was a village where there were people from the Jews, so Allah forbade them from hunting whales on the Sabbath. Their whales used to come to them on their Sabbath, appearing white like pregnant women. But on days other than the Sabbath, they could not find them nor catch them except with great difficulty and hardship. So some of them said to others, or someone said among them, "If we take them on a day other than the Sabbath and eat them, let us do it." So a household among them did that. They took the whales and ate them, and then they roasted them. Their neighbors smelled the roasting and said, "By Allah, we do not see anything of the people of so-and-so." Others among them took more of the whales until this behavior spread among them and became widespread. They eventually separated into three groups: one that ate, one that forbade, and one that asked, 'Why do you advise a people whom Allah will destroy or punish with a severe punishment?' [Quran 7:164]. The group that forbade said, 'We warn you of Allah's anger and punishment that may hit you with sinking or stoning or some of the punishments that He has.' And by Allah, we do not hide anything from you while you are present.' They then left the city and stayed away until the next day, then they came and knocked on the door of the city, but no one answered them. So they brought a ladder and leaned it against the wall, and one from among them climbed over it. He called out, 'O servants of Allah, due to their sins, they were transformed into monkeys, with tails.' They knew their lineages were from human beings, while the human beings did not know that their lineage had become that of monkeys. The person would sniff at his male relative, sticking to him, and the human being would say to him, 'Are you so and so?' The monkey would point to his head, meaning yes, and would weep. The female monkey would go to her male relative, sticking to him, and the human being would say to her, 'Are you so-and-so?' She would point to her head, meaning yes, and would weep. The human beings then said to each other, 'Indeed, we warned you of Allah's punishment, that He would strike you with a crumbling or a transformation or some of the punishment that He has.' Ibn Abbas said, 'I do not know what the third group did.' Ibn Abbas also said, 'How many times have we seen an evil action and we did not forbid it?' Ikrimah said, 'I then said, what do you see that Allah made me do?' They had denied and disliked what they said when they asked, 'Why do you advise a people whom Allah will destroy or punish with a severe punishment?' So my statement amazed them, and Allah ordered me to wear two heavy coats, so they covered me with them."  

هَلْ تَعْرِفُ أَيْلَةَ؟ قُلْتُ وَمَا أَيْلَةَ؟ قَالَ قَرْيَةٌ كَانَ بِهَا نَاسٌ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ فَحَرَّمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْحِيتَانِ يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ فَكَانَتْ حِيتَانُهُمْ تَأْتِيهِمْ يَوْمَ سَبْتِهِمْ شُرَّعًا بَيْضَاءَ سِمَانَ كَأَمْثَالِ الْمَخَاضِ بَأَفْنِيَاتِهِمْ وَأَبْنِيَاتِِهِمْ فَإِذَا كَانَ فِي غَيْرِ يَوْمِ السَّبْتِ لَمْ يَجِدُوهَا وَلَمْ يُدْرِكُوهَا إِلَّا فِي مَشَقَّةٍ وَمَئُونَةٍ شَدِيدَةٍ فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ أَوْ مَنْ قَالَ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُمْ لَعَلَّنَا لَوْ أَخَذْنَاهَا يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ وَأَكَلْنَاهَا فِي غَيْرِ يَوْمِ السَّبْتِ فَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ مِنْهُمْ فَأَخَذُوا فَشَوَوْا فَوَجَدَ جِيرَانُهُمْ رِيحَ الشِّوَاءِ فَقَالُوا وَاللَّهِ مَا نََرََى أَصْحَابَ بَنِي فُلَانٍ شَيْءٌ فَأَخَذُوهَا آخَرُونَ حَتَّى فَشَا ذَلِكَ فِيهِمْ وَكَثُرَ فَافْتَرَقُوا فِرَقًا ثَلَاثًا فِرْقَةٌ أَكَلَتْ وَفِرْقَةٌ نَهَتْ وَفِرْقَةٌ قَالَتْ {لِمَ تَعِظُونَ قَوْمًا اللَّهُ مُهْلِكُهُمْ أَوْ مُعَذِّبُهُمْ} [الأعراف 164] عَذَابًا شَدِيدًا فَقَالَتِ الْفِرْقَةُ الَّتِي نَهَتْ إِنَّا نُحَذِّرُكُمْ غَضَبَ اللَّهِ وَعِقَابَهُ أَنْ يُصِيبَكُمْ بِخَسْفٍ أَوْ قَذْفٍ أَوْ بِبَعْضِ مَا عِنْدَهُ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ وَاللَّهِ لَا نُبَايِتُكُمْ فِي مَكَانٍ وَأَنْتُمْ فِيهِ وَخَرَجُوا مِنَ السُّورِ فَغَدَوْا عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْغَدِ فَضَرَبُوا بَابَ السُّورِ فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُمْ أَحَدٌ فَأَتَوْا بِسُلَّمٍ فَأَسْنَدُوهُ إِلَى السُّورِ ثُمَّ رَقِيَ مِنْهُمْ رَاقٍ عَلَى السُّورِ فَقَالَ يَا عِبَادَ اللَّهِ قِرَدَةٌ وَاللَّهِ لَهَا أَذْنَابٌ تَعَاوَى ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ ثُمَّ نَزَلَ مِنَ السُّورِ فَفَتَحَ السُّورَ فَدَخَلَ النَّاسُ عَلَيْهِمْ فَعَرَفَتِ الْقِرَدَةُ أَنْسَابَهَا مِنَ الْإِنْسِ وَلَمْ تَعْرِفِ الْإِنْسُ أَنْسَابَهَا مِنَ الْقِرَدَةِ قَالَ فَيَأْتِي الْقَرَدُ إِلَى نَسِيبِهِ وَقَرِيبِهِ مِنَ الْإِنْسِ فَيَحْتَكُّ بِهِ وَيَلْصَقُ وَيَقُولُ الْإِنْسَانُ أَنْتَ فُلَانٌ؟ فَيُشِيرُ بِرَأْسِهِ أَيْ نَعَمْ وَيَبْكِي وَتَأْتِي الْقِرَدَةُ إِلَى نَسِيبِهَا وَقَرِيبِهَا مِنَ الْإِنْسِ فَيَقُولُ لَهَا أَنْتِ فُلَانَةٌ؟ فَتُشِيرُ بِرَأْسِهَا أَيْ نَعَمْ وَتَبْكِي فَيَقُولُ لَهُمُ الْإِنْسُ أَمَا إِنَّا حَذَّرْنَاكُمْ غَضَبَ اللَّهِ وَعِقَابَهُ أَنْ يُصِيبَكُمْ بِخَسْفٍ أَوْ مَسْخٍ أَوْ بِبَعْضِ مَا عِنْدَهُ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَاسْمَعِ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ «فَأَنْجَيْنَا الَّذِينَ يَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ السُّوءِ وَأَخَذْنَا الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا بِعَذَابٍ بَئِيسٍ بِمَا كَانُوا يَفْسُقُونَ» فَلَا أَدْرِي مَا فَعَلَتِ الْفُرْقَةُ الثَّالِثَةُ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَكَمْ قَدْ رَأَيْنَا مِنْ مُنْكَرٍ فَلَمْ نَنْهَ عَنْهُ قَالَ عِكْرِمَةُ فَقُلْتُ مَا تَرَى جَعَلَنِي اللَّهُ فِدَاكَ؟ إِنَّهُمْ قَدْ أَنْكَرُوا وَكَرِهُوا حِينَ قَالُوا لِمَ تَعِظُونَ قَوْمًا اللَّهُ مُهْلِكُهُمْ أَوْ مُعَذِّبُهُمْ عَذَابًا شَدِيدًا؟ فَأَعْجَبَهُ قُولِي ذَلِكَ وَأَمَرَ لِي بِبُرْدَيْنِ غَلِيظَيْنِ فَكَسَانِيهُمَا  

[Machine] He gathered them all that day, and it was nothing but existence until the Day of Resurrection. Then He made them souls, then formed them and gave them the power of speech. And He took from them the covenant and the pledge, and He made them testify upon themselves, "Am I not your Lord?" They said, "Yes, we testify." [This] lest you should say on the Day of Resurrection, "Indeed, we were unaware of this." Or [lest] you say, "It was only that our fathers associated [others in worship] before, and we were but descendants after them. Then would You destroy us for what the falsifiers have done?" [Allah] said, "I swear by Myself, and I bear witness on you all the heavens and the earths, and I bear witness upon your father Adam, 'Am I not your Lord?' They said, 'Yes, we testify.' [This] lest you should say on the Day of Resurrection, 'Indeed, we were unaware of this.' Or lest you should say, 'It was only that our fathers associated [others in worship] before, and we were but descendants after them. Then would You destroy us for what the falsifiers have done?' He said, "Indeed, I bear witness over all of you that I am free from whatever you associate with Me. Indeed, the Messengers will come to you with My reminders and My covenant, and they will present My Books to you." They said, "We bear witness that You are our Lord and our God. You have no Lord besides You, and we have no god besides You." And their father Adam raised them, so He looked at them, and He saw richness and poverty, beauty and otherwise. He said, "My Lord, if You had balanced Your servants." He said, "I love to return the gratitude." And among them were seen prophets like bright lamps. They were given a separate covenant in regards to Prophet-hood and Messengership. This is the saying of Allah, the Exalted, "[And mention] when We took from the prophets their covenant and from you and from Noah." (33:7) And His saying, "So direct your face toward the religion, inclining to truth. [Adhere to] the fitrah of Allah upon which He has created [all] people. No change should there be in the creation of Allah." (30:30) And His saying, "This is a warner of the warners of old." (53:56) And His saying, "And We had not found for most of them any covenant, but indeed, We found most of them defiantly disobedient." (7:102) And His saying, "Then We sent following their footsteps Our messengers and followed [them] with Jesus, the son of Mary, and gave him the Gospel. And We placed in the hearts of those who followed him compassion and mercy and monasticism, which they innovated; We did not prescribe it for them except that they did so seeking the approval of Allah." So they did not observe it with due observance. (57:27) He knew in His knowledge those who would deny what He would affirm and those who would affirm what He would deny. So the soul of 'Isa was among those souls to which the covenant was taken in the time of Adam. And that soul was then sent to Maryam when He said, "Settle in a place of worship wherein the sun does not rise, and you take a veil from them." So We sent to her Our soul, and it manifested to her in the form of a well-built man. (19:17) Until His saying, "A determined appointment." (19:21) She conceived. He, who spoke to her, was the soul of 'Isa, peace be upon him. Abu Ja'far narrated to me that Ar-Rabi' bin Anas narrated to him from Abu Al-'Aliyah from Ubayy bin Ka'b who said, "He entered it."  

فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {وَإِذْ أَخَذَ رَبُّكَ مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ مِنْ ظُهُورِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّاتِهِمْ وَأَشْهَدَهُمْ عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ} إِلَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى {أَفَتُهْلِكُنَا بِمَا فَعَلَ الْمُبْطِلُونَ} [الأعراف 173] قَالَ جَمَعَهُمْ لَهُ يَوْمَئِذٍ جَمِيعًا مَا هُوَ كَائِنٌ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ فَجَعَلَهُمْ أَرْوَاحًا ثُمَّ صَوَّرَهُمْ وَاسْتَنْطَقَهُمْ فَتَكَلَّمُوا وَأَخَذَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْعَهْدَ وَالْمِيثَاقَ وَأَشْهَدَهُمْ عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ أَلَسْتُ بِرَبِّكُمْ؟ قَالُوا بَلَى شَهِدْنَا أَنْ تَقُولُوا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ إِنَّا كُنَّا عَنْ هَذَا غَافِلِينَ أَوْ تَقُولُوا إِنَّمَا أَشْرَكَ آبَاؤُنَا مِنْ قَبْلُ وَكُنَّا ذُرِّيَّةً مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ أَفَتُهْلِكُنَا بِمَا فَعَلَ الْمُبْطِلُونَ قَالَ فَإِنِّي أُشْهِدُ عَلَيْكُمُ السَّمَاوَاتِ السَّبْعَ وَالْأَرَضِينَ السَّبْعَ وَأُشْهِدُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَبَاكُمْ آدَمَ أَنْ تَقُولُوا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ لَمْ نَعْلَمْ أَوْ تَقُولُوا إِنَّا كُنَّا عَنْ هَذَا غَافِلِينَ فَلَا تُشْرِكُوا بِي شَيْئًا فَإِنِّي أُرْسِلُ إِلَيْكُمْ رُسُلِي يُذَكِّرُونَكُمْ عَهْدِي وَمِيثَاقِي وَأُنْزِلُ عَلَيْكُمْ كُتُبِي فَقَالُوا نَشْهَدُ أَنَّكَ رَبُّنَا وَإِلَهُنَا لَا رَبَّ لَنَا غَيْرُكَ وَلَا إِلَهَ لَنَا غَيْرُكَ وَرَفَعَ لَهُمْ أَبُوهُمْ آدَمَ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَرَأَى فِيهِمُ الْغَنِيَّ وَالْفَقِيرَ وَحَسَنَ الصُّورَةِ وَغَيْرَ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ رَبِّ لَوْ سَوَّيْتَ بَيْنَ عِبَادِكَ فَقَالَ إِنِّي أُحِبُّ أَنْ أُشْكَرَ وَرَأَى فِيهِمُ الْأَنْبِيَاءَ مِثْلَ السُّرُجِ وَخُصُّوا بِمِيثَاقٍ آخَرَ بِالرِّسَالَةِ وَالنُّبُوَّةِ فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ ﷻ {وَإِذْ أَخَذْنَا مِنَ النَّبِيِّينَ مِيثَاقَهُمْ وَمِنْكَ وَمِنْ نُوحٍ} [الأحزاب 7] الْآيَةُ وَهُوَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى {فَأَقِمْ وَجْهَكَ لِلدِّينِ حَنِيفًا فِطْرَةَ اللَّهِ الَّتِي فَطَرَ النَّاسَ عَلَيْهَا لَا تَبْدِيلَ لِخَلْقِ اللَّهِ} [الروم 30] وَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ {هَذَا نَذِيرٌ مِنَ النُّذُرِ الْأُولَى} [النجم 56] وَقَوْلُهُ {وَمَا وَجَدْنَا لِأَكْثَرِهِمْ مِنْ عَهْدٍ وَإِنْ وَجَدْنَا أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَفَاسِقِينَ} [الأعراف 102] وَهُوَ قَوْلُهُ {ثُمَّ بَعَثْنَا مِنْ بَعْدِهِ رُسُلًا إِلَى قَوْمِهِمْ فَجَاءُوهُمْ بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ فَمَا كَانُوا لِيُؤْمِنُوا بِمَا كَذَّبُوا بِهِ مِنْ قَبْلُ} كَانَ فِي عِلْمِهِ بِمَا أَقَرُّوا بِهِ مَنْ يُكَذِّبُ بِهِ وَمَنْ يُصَدِّقُ بِهِ فَكَانَ رُوحُ عِيسَى مِنْ تِلْكَ الْأَرْوَاحِ الَّتِي أُخِذَ عَلَيْهَا الْمِيثَاقُ فِي زَمَنِ آدَمَ فَأَرْسَلَ ذَلِكَ الرُّوحَ إِلَى مَرْيَمَ حِينَ {انْتَبَذَتْ مِنْ أَهْلِهَا مَكَانًا شَرْقِيًّا فَاتَّخَذَتْ مِنْ دُونِهِمْ حِجَابًا فَأَرْسَلْنَا إِلَيْهَا رُوحَنَا فَتَمَثَّلَ لَهَا بَشَرًا سَوِيًّا} [مريم 17] إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {مَقْضِيًّا} [مريم 21] فَحَمَلَتْهُ قَالَ حَمَلَتِ الَّذِي خَاطَبَهَا وَهُوَ رُوحُ عِيسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ فَحَدَّثَنِي الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ عَنْ أُبَيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ قَالَ دَخَلَ مِنْ فِيهَا  

that 'Umar bin Al-Khattab was asked about this Ayah: And when your Lord brought forth from the Children of Adam, from their loins, their seed and made them testify as to themselves: "Am I not your Lord?" They said: "Yes! We testify," lest you should say on the Day of Resurrection: 'Verily, we have been unaware of this (7:172).'" So 'Umar bin Al-Khattab said: "I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ being asked about it. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Indeed Allah created Adam, then He wiped his back with His Right Hand, and his offspring came out of him. So he said: "I created these for Paradise, and they will do the deeds of the people of Paradise." Then He wiped his back, and his offspring came out of him. So He said: "I created these for the Fire, and they will do the deeds of the people of the Fire." A man said: 'Then of what good is doing deeds O Messenger of Allah!' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Verily, when Allah created a man for Paradise, He makes him perform the deeds of the people of Paradise, until he dies doing one of the deeds of the people of Paradise. So Allah will admit him into Paradise. And when He created a man for the Fire, He makes him perform the deeds of the people of the Fire until he dies doing the deeds of the people of the Fire. So Allah will enter him into the Fire.'" (Using translation from Tirmidhī 3075)   

عَنْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ {وَإِذْ أَخَذَ رَبُّكَ مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ مِنْ ظُهُورِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ وَأَشْهَدَهُمْ عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ أَلَسْتُ بِرَبِّكُمْ قَالُوا بَلَى شَهِدْنَا أَنْ تَقُولُوا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ إِنَّا كُنَّا عَنْ هَذَا غَافِلِينَ} [الأعراف 172] فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَسُئِلَ عَنْهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَلَقَ اللَّهُ آدَمَ ثُمَّ مَسَحَ ظَهْرَهُ بِيَمِينِهِ فَاسْتَخْرَجَ مِنْهُ ذُرِّيَّةً فَقَالَ خَلَقْتُ هَؤُلَاءِ لِلْجَنَّةِ وَبِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ يَعْمَلُونَ ثُمَّ مَسَحَ عَلَى ظَهْرِهِ فَاسْتَخْرَجَ مِنْهُ ذُرِّيَّةً فَقَالَ خَلَقْتُ هَؤُلَاءِ لِلنَّارِ وَبِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ يَعْمَلُونَ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَفِيمَ الْعَمَلُ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنَّ اللَّهَ إِذَا خَلَقَ الرَّجُلَ لِلْجَنَّةِ اسْتَعْمَلَهُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ» الْحَدِيثُ صَحِيحٌ عَلَى شَرْطِ مُسْلِمٍ وَلَمْ يُخْرِجَاهُ على شرط مسلم  

that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "When Allah created Adam He wiped his back and every person that He created among his offspring until the Day of Resurrection fell out of his back. He placed a ray of light between the eyes of every person. Then He showed them to Adam and he said: 'O Lord! Who are these people?' He said: 'These are your offspring.' He saw one of them whose ray between his eyes amazed him, so he said: 'O Lord! Who is this?' He said: 'This is a man from the latter nations of your offspring called Dawud.' He said: 'Lord! How long did You make his lifespan?' He said: 'Sixty years.' He said: 'O Lord! Add forty years from my life to his.' So at the end of Adam's life, the Angel of death of came to him, and he said: 'Do I not have forty years remaining?' He said: 'Did you not give them to your son Dawud?'" He said: "Adam denied, so his offspring denied, and Adam forgot and his offspring forgot, and Adam sinned, so his offspring sinned." (Using translation from Tirmidhī 3076)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَمَّا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ آدَمَ مَسَحَ ظَهْرَهُ فَسَقَطَ مِنْ ظَهْرِهِ كُلُّ نَسَمَةٍ هُوَ خَالِقُهَا إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ أَمْثَالَ الذَّرِّ ثُمَّ جَعَلَ بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْ كُلِّ إِنْسَانٍ مِنْهُمْ وَبِيصًا مِنْ نُورٍ ثُمَّ عَرَضَهُمْ عَلَى آدَمَ فَقَالَ آدَمُ مَنْ هَؤُلَاءِ يَا رَبِّ؟ قَالَ هَؤُلَاءِ ذُرِّيَّتِكَ فَرَأَى آدَمُ رَجُلًا مِنْهُمْ أَعْجَبَهُ وَبِيصُ مَا بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ مَنْ هَذَا؟ قَالَ هَذَا ابْنُكَ دَاوُدُ يَكُونُ فِي آخِرِ الْأُمَمِ قَالَ آدَمُ كَمْ جَعَلْتَ لَهُ مِنَ الْعُمُرِ؟ قَالَ سِتِّينَ سَنَةً قَالَ يَا رَبِّ زِدْهُ مِنْ عُمْرِي أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً حَتَّى يَكُونَ عُمْرُهُ مِائَةَ سَنَةٍ فَقَالَ اللَّهُ ﷻ «إِذَنْ يُكْتَبُ وَيُخْتَمُ فَلَا يُبَدَّلْ» فَلَمَّا انْقَضَى عُمْرُ آدَمَ جَاءَهُ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ لَقَبْضِ رُوحِهِ قَالَ آدَمُ أَوَ لَمْ يَبْقَ مِنْ عُمْرِي أَرْبَعُونَ سَنَةً؟ قَالَ لَهُ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ أَوَ لَمْ تَجْعَلْهَا لِابْنِكَ دَاوُدَ؟ قَالَ فَجَحَدَ فَجَحَدَتْ ذُرِّيَّتُهُ وَنَسِيَ وَنَسِيَتْ ذُرِّيَّتُهُ وَخَطِئَ فَخَطِئَتْ ذُرِّيَّتُهُ  

[Machine] He is Bal'am ibn Ba'ura'a according to the conditions of Bukhari and Muslim.  

فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {وَاتْلُ عَلَيْهِمْ نَبَأَ الَّذِي آتَيْنَاهُ آيَاتِنَا فَانْسَلَخَ مِنْهَا} [الأعراف 175] قَالَ هُوَ بَلْعَمُ بْنُ بَاعُورَاءَ على شرط البخاري ومسلم  

[Machine] On the day of Badr, people were divided into three groups: one third were fighting the enemy, one third were gathering spoils and taking prisoners, and one third were guarding the messenger of Allah. When they gathered the spoils, they disagreed among themselves. Those who gathered them and took them said, "The messenger of Allah has given each of us what we have acquired, so it belongs to us and not to you." Those who were fighting the enemy and seeking them said, "By Allah, if it wasn't for us, you wouldn't have acquired anything. We occupied the enemy, and the guards said, "By Allah, you are not more deserving of it than us. We saw that we should fight the enemy when Allah gave us their backs and take the spoils when no one was preventing us. But we feared the enemy's surprise attack on the messenger of Allah, so we stayed with him." Allah took the spoils from our hands and gave them to the messenger of Allah. He distributed them equally, and there was no fifth share on that day. It was a day of God-consciousness, obedience to Allah and His messenger, and reconciliation among people.  

فِينَا يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ نَزَلَتْ كَانَ النَّاسُ عَلَى ثَلَاثِ مَنَازِلٍ ثُلُثٌ يُقَاتِلُ الْعَدُوَّ وَثُلُثٌ يَجْمَعُ الْمَتَاعَ وَيَأْخُذُ الْأُسَارَى وَثُلُثٌ عِنْدَ الْخَيْمَةِ يَحْرُسُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَلَمَّا جَمَعَ الْمَتَاعَ اخْتَلَفُوا فِيهِ فَقَالَ الَّذِينَ جَمَعُوهُ وَأَخْذُوهُ قَدْ نَفَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ كُلَّ امْرِئٍ مِنَّا مَا أَصَابَ فَهُوَ لَنَا دُونَكُمْ وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ يُقَاتِلُونَ الْعَدُوَّ وَيَطْلُبُونَهُ وَاللَّهِ لَوْلَا نَحْنُ مَا أَصَبْتُمُوهُ فَنَحْنُ شَغَلْنَا الْقَوْمَ وَقَالَ الْحَرَسُ وَاللَّهِ مَا أَنْتُمْ بِأَحَقَّ بِهِ مِنَّا لَقَدْ رَأَيْنَا أَنْ نُقَاتِلَ الْعَدُوَّ حِينَ مَنَحَنَا اللَّهُ أَكْتَافَهُمْ أَنْ نَأْخُذَ الْمَتَاعَ حِينَ لَمْ يَكُنْ أَحَدٌ يَمْنَعُ دُونَهُ وَلَكِنَّا خِفْنَا غِرَّةَ الْعَدُوَّ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقُمْنَا دُونَهُ قَالَ فَانْتَزَعَهَا اللَّهُ مِنْ أَيْدِينَا فَجَعَلَهُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ «فَقَسَمَهُ عَلَى السَّوَاءِ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهِ يَوْمَئِذٍ خُمُسٌ فَكَانَ فِيهِ تَقْوَى اللَّهِ وَطَاعَتُهُ وَطَاعَةُ رَسُولِهِ ﷺ وَصَلَاحُ ذَاتِ الْبَيْنِ»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever does such and such or goes to such and such place, then he shall have such and such reward." So the young men rushed towards it, and the elders remained steadfast under the banners. When Allah granted them victory, the young men came seeking what was promised to them, and the elders said, "We were your support and stayed under the banners." So Allah, the Almighty, revealed, "They ask you about the spoils. Say, 'The spoils belong to Allah and the Messenger, so fear Allah and amend your relationship among yourselves.'" [Al-Anfal 1]  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَنْ فَعَلَ كَذَا وَكَذَا أَوْ أَتَى مَكَانَ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَلَهُ كَذَا وَكَذَا» فَتَسَارَعَ الشُّبَّانُ إِلَى ذَلِكَ وَثَبَتَ الشُّيُوخُ تَحْتَ الرَّايَاتِ فَلَمَّا فَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ جَاءَ الشُّبَّانُ يَطْلُبُونَ مَا جُعِلَ لَهُمْ وَقَالَ الشُّيُوخُ إِنَّا كُنَّا رِدْأً لَكُمْ وَكُنَّا تَحْتَ الرَّايَاتِ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ﷻ {يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْأَنْفَالِ قُلِ الْأَنْفَالُ لِلَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَأَصْلِحُوا ذَاتَ بَيْنِكُمْ} [الأنفال 1]  

"When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was finished at Badr, it was said to him: 'You have to get the caravan, you can not settle for less than that.' Al-'Abbas called out while he was bound up: 'There is no use.' He said: 'For Allah, Most High, has promised you one of the two parties, and He gave you what He promised you.' He said: 'He has said the truth.'" (Using translation from Tirmidhī 3080)   

لَمَّا فَرَغَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنَ الْقَتْلَى قِيلَ لَهُ عَلَيْكَ الْعِيرُ لَيْسَ دُونَهَا شَيْءٌ فَنَادَاهُ الْعَبَّاسُ وَهُوَ فِي وَثَاقِهِ أَنَّهُ لَا يَصْلُحُ لَكَ قَالَ «لِمَ؟» قَالَ «لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ وَعَدَكَ إِحْدَى الطَّائِفَتَيْنِ وَقَدْ أَنْجَزَ لَكَ مَا وَعَدَكَ»  

[Machine] Abu Sa'id al-Khudri said regarding this verse "And whoever turns them on their backs [in flight] on that day" [Al-Anfal 16], he said: It was revealed about us on the Day of Badr.  

عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ {وَمَنْ يُوَلِّهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ دُبُرَهُ} [الأنفال 16] قَالَ نَزَلَتْ فِينَا يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ  

[Machine] Ubayy ibn Khalaf came to the Prophet ﷺ on the day of Uhud and some believers intercepted him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered them to let him go, so Mus`ab ibn `Umayr, the brother of Bani Abd Ad-Dar, intercepted him and saw a slit in Ubayy's throat between his wide neck and his white armor. Mus`ab stabbed him with his spear, causing Ubayy to fall off his horse, but no blood came out from his stab; instead, it broke one of his ribs. His companions approached him while he was writhing in pain, and they said to him, "This is just a scratch, what made you so weak?" He reminded them of the words of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ that he said, "Rather, I have slain Ubayy!" Then he said, "By the One in Whose Hand is my soul! If it was not for my status before Allah, the inhabitants of Dhi Al-Majaz would have all been killed." Ubayy died in the fire, a wretched fate for the people of Sa`ir before he could reach Makkah. Allah then revealed the Ayah: "And you threw not when you did throw, but Allah threw" (8:17).  

أَقْبَلَ أُبَيُّ بْنُ خَلَفٍ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ يُرِيدُهُ فَاعْتَرَضَ رِجَالٌ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَأَمَرَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَخَلَّوْا سَبِيلَهُ فَاسْتَقْبَلَهُ مُصْعَبُ بْنُ عُمَيْرٍ أَخُو بَنِي عَبْدِ الدَّارِ وَرَأَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ تُرْقُوَةَ أُبَيٍّ مِنٍ فُرْجَةٍ بَيْنَ سَابِغَةِ الدِّرْعِ وَالْبَيْضَةِ فَطَعَنَهُ بِحَرْبَتِهِ فَسَقَطَ أُبَيٌّ عَنْ فَرَسِهِ وَلَمْ يَخْرُجْ مِنْ طَعْنَتِهِ دَمٌ فَكَسَرَ ضِلَعًا مِنْ أَضْلَاعِهِ فَأَتَاهُ أَصْحَابُهُ وَهُوَ يَخُورُ خُوَارَ الثَّوْرِ فَقَالُوا لَهُ مَا أَعْجَزَكَ إِنَّمَا هُوَ خَدْشٌ فَذَكَرَ لَهُمْ قَوْلَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ «بَلْ أَنَا أَقْتُلُ أُبَيًّا» ثُمَّ قَالَ وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَوْ كَانَ هَذَا الَّذِي بِي بِأَهْلِ ذِي الْمَجَازِ لَمَاتُوا أَجْمَعِينَ فَمَاتَ أُبَيٌّ إِلَى النَّارِ فَسُحْقًا لِأَصْحَابِ السَّعِيرِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقْدَمَ مَكَّةَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ {وَمَا رَمَيْتَ إِذْ رَمَيْتَ وَلَكِنَّ اللَّهَ رَمَى} [الأنفال 17] الْآيَةُ  

[Machine] When the people met, they said: "O Allah, who among us should cut off the ties of kinship and give us what we do not know of its blessings?!" So that became the prelude. Then Allah revealed (in the Quran): "If you (believers) make preparations for a victory, it is only fitting that you first make a firm decision in your own minds, and then ask Allah to bless your efforts. If you do this, Allah will grant you victory" (Quran 8:19), up to His saying: "And that Allah is with the believers." (Quran 8:19)  

حِينَ الْتَقَى الْقَوْمُ اللَّهُمَّ أَيُّنَا كَانَ أَقْطَعَ لِلرَّحِمِ وَآتَانَا بِمَا لَا نَعْرِفُ فَاحْنِهِ الْغَدَاةَ فَكَانَ ذَلِكَ اسْتِفْتَاحَهُ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ {إِنْ تَسْتَفْتِحُوا فَقَدْ جَاءَكُمُ الْفَتْحُ} [الأنفال 19] إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ مَعَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ} [الأنفال 19]  

[Machine] "It prevents the disbeliever from embracing faith, and it prevents the believer from committing sins."  

فِي قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {يَحُولُ بَيْنَ الْمَرْءِ وَقَلْبِهِ} [الأنفال 24] قَالَ «يَحُولُ بَيْنَ الْكَافِرِ وَبَيْنَ الْإِيمَانِ وَيَحُولُ بَيْنَ الْمُؤْمِنِ وَبَيْنَ الْمَعَاصِي»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, gathered the Quraysh and said, "Is there anyone among you other than your own?" They said, "Among us is our nephew, and among us is our ally, and among us is our freed slave." He said, "Our ally is from us, and our nephew is from us, and our freed slave is from us. Indeed, my allies are the God-conscious among you."  

جَمَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قُرَيْشًا فَقَالَ «هَلْ فِيكُمْ مِنْ غَيْرِكُمْ؟» قَالُوا فِينَا ابْنُ أُخْتِنَا وَفِينَا حَلِيفُنَا وَفِينَا مَوْلَانَا فَقَالَ «حَلِيفُنَا مِنَّا وَابْنُ أُخْتِنَا مِنَّا وَمَوْلَانَا مِنَّا إِنَّ أَوْلِيَائِي مِنْكُمُ الْمُتَّقُونَ»  

[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, "Prepare for them whatever power you can muster" [Surah Al-Anfal 8:60]. Surely, power lies in archery.  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ {وَأَعِدُّوا لَهُمْ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ مِنْ قُوَّةٍ} [الأنفال 60] أَلَا إِنَّ الْقُوَّةَ الرَّمْيَ  

[Machine] The womb surely gets cut off, and the blessings are surely disbelieved, and surely when Allah brings hearts close, nothing can separate them, and then He recited, "If you had spent all that is on earth, you could not have brought their hearts together" [Al-Anfal: 63].  

إِنَّ الرَّحِمَ لَتُقْطَعُ وَإِنَّ النِّعْمَةَ لَتُكْفَرُ وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ إِذَا قَارَبَ بَيْنَ الْقُلُوبِ لَمْ يُزَحْزِحْهَا شَيْءٌ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ {لَوْ أَنْفَقْتَ مَا فِي الْأَرْضِ جَمِيعًا مَا أَلَّفْتَ بَيْنَ قُلُوبِهِمْ} [الأنفال 63]  

[Machine] I met Aba Ishaq after he lost his sight, so I said to him, "Do you recognize me?" He replied, "Indeed, I know you and I love you." Then he said, "Abu Al-Ahwas narrated to me from Abdullah that he said, 'This verse was revealed about those who love for the sake of Allah,' {And if you should spend all that is in the earth, you could not have made affection between their hearts} [Al-Anfal 63]. The sentence 'This is the statement of Abu Hatim'."  

لَقِيتُ أَبَا إِسْحَاقَ بَعْدَمَا ذَهَبَ بَصَرُهُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ أَتَعْرِفُنِي؟ فَقَالَ إِنِّي لَأَعْرِفُكَ وَأُحِبُّكَ ثُمَّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الْأَحْوَصِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ فِي الْمُتَحَابِّينَ فِي اللَّهِ {لَوْ أَنْفَقْتَ مَا فِي الْأَرْضِ جَمِيعًا مَا أَلَّفْتَ بَيْنَ قُلُوبِهِمْ} [الأنفال 63] الْآيَةُ «هَذَا لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ أَبِي حَاتِمٍ»  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ consulted Abu Bakr regarding the captives. Abu Bakr said, "Your people and tribe are worthier. Let them go." Then, the Prophet ﷺ sought consultation from Umar, who said, "Kill them." The Prophet ﷺ preferred Abu Bakr's opinion and Allah revealed the verse, "It is not for a Prophet to have captives of war until he has thoroughly subdued the land [from disbelief and polytheism]" (Quran 8:67) until the verse, "So consume what you have taken of war booty [as being] lawful and good" (Quran 8:69). The Prophet ﷺ then met Umar and said, "You almost caused us a great calamity with your opinion."  

اسْتَشَارَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي الْأُسَارَى أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ قَوْمُكَ وَعَشِيرَتُكَ فَخَلِّ سَبِيلَهُمْ فَاسْتَشَارَ عُمَرُ فَقَالَ اقْتُلْهُمْ قَالَ فَفَدَاهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ﷻ {مَا كَانَ لِنَبِيٍّ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ أَسْرَى حَتَّى يُثْخِنَ فِي الْأَرْضِ} [الأنفال 67] إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {فَكُلُوا مِمَّا غَنِمْتُمْ حَلَالًا طَيِّبًا} [الأنفال 69] قَالَ فَلَقِيَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عُمَرَ قَالَ كَادَ أَنْ يُصِيبَنَا فِي خِلَافِكَ بَلَاءٌ  

[Machine] About the companions of the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him), we indeed experienced the worldly life with the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him), so Allah Almighty revealed, "If there had not been a prescribed decree from Allah, the punishment would have come to you immediately for what you have taken. So expect it; surely, Allah’s promise will come true. And yet, some of them said to Sa'd: 'By Allah! He used to dislike you and call you Al-Akhnas.' Sa'd burst into laughter until his molars could be seen, and then he said: 'Does a person not find something in his brother's affairs that causes a strain between them, and he does not betray his trust nor hurt his feelings?'"  

عَنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَإِنَّا أَصَبْنَا دُنْيَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ﷻ {لَوْلَا كِتَابٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ سَبَقَ لَمَسَّكُمْ فِيمَا أَخَذْتُمْ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ} [الأنفال 68] فَأَرْجُو أَنْ تَكُونَ رَحْمَةً مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ سَبَقَتْ لَنَا فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ فَوَاللَّهِ إِنَّهُ كَانَ يُبْغِضُكَ وَيُسَمِّيكَ الْأَخْنَسَ فَضَحِكَ سَعْدٌ حَتَّى اسْتَعْلَاهُ الضَّحِكُ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَلَيْسَ قَدْ يَجِدُ الْمَرْءُ عَلَى أَخِيهِ فِي الْأَمْرِ يَكُونُ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهُ ثُمَّ لَا يَبْلُغُ ذَلِكَ أَمَانَتَهُ وَذَكَرَ كَلِمَةً أُخْرَى