[Machine] "If the person breaks his fast (during Ramadan) due to a valid excuse, then he should feed a poor person for each day that he missed by giving him a quantity of wheat. And if Ramadan catches up to him the next year before he is able to make up the missed fasts, then he should feed a poor person for each day that he missed by giving him a quantity of wheat, and he should also observe the fasts of the current year. This ruling is based on the narration of Ibn Umar."  

أَنْ يَقْضِيَ فَلْيُطْعِمْ عَنْهُ مَكَانَ كُلِّ يَوْمٍ أَفْطَرَهُ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْأَيَّامِ مِسْكِينًا مُدًّا مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ فَإِنْ أَدْرَكَهُ رَمَضَانُ عَامَ قَابِلٍ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَصُومَهُ فَأَطَاقَ صَوْمَ الَّذِي أَدْرَكَ فَلْيُطْعِمْ عَمَّا مَضَى كُلَّ يَوْمٍ مِسْكِينًا مُدًّا مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ وَلْيَصُمِ الَّذِي اسْتَقْبَلَ هَذَا هُوَ الصَّحِيحُ مَوْقُوفٌ عَلَى ابْنِ عُمَرَ وَقَدْ  

[Machine] About the Prophet ﷺ regarding a person who dies while owing days of fasting in Ramadan, he said: "They should be fed on his behalf for every day half a sa' of grain. This is an error from two aspects: one of them is attributing the hadith to the Prophet ﷺ while it is actually a saying of Ibn Umar, and the other is the difference in the wording of Ibn Umar's saying, as he mentioned 'half a sa' of grain,' while it is narrated from another source that Ibn Abi Layla said it does not specify the measure of the sa'."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي الَّذِي يَمُوتُ وَعَلَيْهِ رَمَضَانُ وَلَمْ يَقْضِهِ قَالَ يُطْعَمُ عَنْهُ لِكُلِّ يَوْمٍ نِصْفُ صَاعٍ مِنْ بُرٍّ هَذَا خَطَأٌ مِنْ وَجْهَيْنِ أَحَدُهُمَا رَفْعُهُ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَإِنَّمَا هُوَ مِنْ قَوْلِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ وَالْآخَرُ قَوْلُهُ نِصْفُ صَاعٍ وَإِنَّمَا قَالَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ مُدًّا مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ وَرُوِيَ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى لَيْسَ فِيهِ ذِكْرُ الصَّاعِ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ was asked about a man who died while having a pending fast of one month. He said that someone should be fed on his behalf every day.  

سُئِلَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مَاتَ وَعَلَيْهِ صَوْمُ شَهْرٍ قَالَ يُطْعَمُ عَنْهُ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ مِسْكِينٌ  

[Machine] About a man who died while he had to fast in the month of Ramadan and had also made a vow to fast another month. He said, "Feed sixty poor people."  

عَنْ رَجُلٍ مَاتَ وَعَلَيْهِ صِيَامُ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَعَلَيْهِ نَذْرُ صِيَامِ شَهْرٍ آخَرَ قَالَ يُطْعِمُ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا كَذَا  

A similar tradition has also been transmitted by Ibn 'Abbas through a different chain of narrators. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2127)   

عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ  

[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever dies and still owes a fast, his guardian should fast on his behalf."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ مَاتَ وَعَلَيْهِ صِيَامٌ صَامَ عَنْهُ وَلِيُّهُ  

The Prophet ﷺ as saying: If anyone dies when some fast is due from him (i.e. which he could not keep) his heir must fast on his behalf. Abu Dawud said: This applies to the fast which a man vows ; and this is the opinion of Ahmad b. Hanbal. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2400)   

رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ مَاتَ وَعَلَيْهِ صِيَامٌ صَامَ عَنْهُ وَلِيُّهُ  

[Machine] "A woman came to the Prophet (PBUH) and said, 'Indeed, my mother has died while she had a month of fasting left.' He (PBUH) said, 'Do you think that if she had a debt, you would have paid it off for her?' She said, 'Yes.' So he (PBUH) said, 'The debt of Allah is more deserving of being paid off.'"  

أَنَّ امْرَأَةً أَتَتِ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ إِنَّ أُمِّي مَاتَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا صَوْمُ شَهْرٍ فَقَالَ أَرَأَيْتِ لَوْ كَانَ عَلَيْهَا دَيْنٌ أَكُنْتِ تَقْضِينَهُ عَنْهَا؟ فَقَالَتْ نَعَمْ فَقَالَ دَيْنُ اللهِ أَحَقُّ بِالْقَضَاءِ  

[Machine] A man came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah, my mother has passed away, and she still has one month of fasting left. Should I fast on her behalf?" He ﷺ replied, "If your mother had a debt, would you repay it on her behalf?" The man answered, "Yes." The Prophet ﷺ then said, "Allah's debt is more deserving to be repaid." Sulaiman (may Allah be pleased with him) said, "The judgment and the ruling are correct." We were sitting with the Prophet ﷺ when a Muslim narrated this incident. Salamah and Nahnu (may Allah be pleased with them) said, "We have heard Mujahid mentioning this from Ibn Abbas."  

جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ أُمِّي مَاتَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا صَوْمُ شَهْرٍ أَفَأَقْضِيهِ عَنْهَا؟ قَالَ لَوْ كَانَ عَلَى أُمِّكَ دَيْنٌ أَكُنْتَ قَاضِيَهُ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَدَيْنُ اللهِ أَحَقُّ أَنْ يُقْضَى قَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ قَالَ الْحَكَمُ وَسَلَمَةُ وَنَحْنُ جُلُوسٌ حِينَ كَانَ مُسْلِمٌ يُحَدِّثُ بِهَذَا فَقَالَا سَمِعْنَا مُجَاهِدًا يَذْكُرُ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ هَذَا  

[Machine] A woman came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah, indeed my sister has passed away and she owed two consecutive months of fasting." He ﷺ said, "Would you have paid off her debt if she had owed money?" She said, "Yes." He said, "Then the right of Allah is more deserving."  

جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ أُخْتِي مَاتَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا صِيَامُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ قَالَ أَرَأَيْتِ لَوْ كَانَ عَلَى أُخْتِكِ دَيْنٌ أَكُنْتِ تَقْضِينَهُ؟ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَحَقُّ اللهِ أَحَقُّ  

[Machine] A woman came to the Prophet ﷺ and informed him that her sister had made a vow to fast for a month, but she died before being able to fulfill it because she had embarked on a sea voyage. The Prophet ﷺ then told her, "I will fast on behalf of your sister." This statement indicates that the Prophet ﷺ granted permission to fast on behalf of another person, just as she had intended.  

أَنَّ امْرَأَةً أَتَتِ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَذَكَرَتْ لَهُ أَنَّ أُخْتَهَا نَذَرَتْ أَنْ تَصُومَ شَهْرًا وَأَنَّهَا رَكِبَتِ الْبَحْرَ فَمَاتَتْ وَلَمْ تَصُمْ فَقَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ صُوْمِي عَنْ أُخْتِكِ فَهَذَا اللَّفْظُ نَصٌّ فِي الصَّوْمِ عَنْهَا وَكَذَلِكَ  

[Machine] A woman came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, "Indeed, my mother has passed away while having a vowed fast upon her." He said, "Were you a guardian over her debt if she had any?" She said, "Yes." He said, "Then observe the fast on her behalf."  

جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ إِنَّ أُمِّي مَاتَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا صَوْمُ نَذْرٍ فَقَالَ أَكُنْتِ قَاضِيَةً عَنْهَا دَيْنًا لَوْ كَانَ عَلَى أُمِّكِ؟ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَصُومِي عَنْهَا  

[Machine] That she was fasting, and then one of her relatives either her sister or her daughter came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and informed him. He said, "Continue fasting." Hushaim reported it from Abu Bishr regarding fasting, and it was narrated by Shu'ba and Abu 'Awanah from Abu Bishr regarding Hajj without fasting. It is possible that the question was asked to both of them, so one of them narrated it and Hammad bin Salamah and the other Hushaim narrated it.  

أَنْ تَصُومَ فَجَاءَتْ ذَاتُ قَرَابَةٍ لَهَا إِمَّا أُخْتُهَا أَوِ ابْنَتُهَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَخْبَرَتْهُ فَقَالَ صُوْمِي عَنْهَا تَابَعَهُ هُشَيْمٌ عَنْ أَبِي بِشْرٍ فِي الصَّوْمِ وَرَوَاهُ شُعْبَةُ وَأَبُو عَوَانَةَ عَنْ أَبِي بِشْرٍ فِي الْحَجِّ دُونَ الصَّوْمِ وَيُحْتَمَلُ أَنْ يَكُونَ السُّؤَالُ وَقَعَ عَنْهُمَا فَنَقَلَا أَحَدَهُمَا وَنَقَلَ حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ وَهُشَيْمٌ الْآخَرَ فَقَدْ  

[Machine] A woman came to the Prophet and said, "O Messenger of Allah, my mother has passed away and she had missed fifteen days of fasting. Shall I fast on her behalf?" He replied, "If your mother had owed a debt, would you pay it off for her?" She said, "Yes." He then said, "Fulfill the fasting owed by your mother, as she was from the tribe of Khath'am." This narration is mentioned by Al-Bukhari and Abu Hurayrah narrated it from Ikrimah. And the scholar Buraydah ibn Husayb also narrated it from the Prophet regarding fasting and Hajj.  

أَتَتِ امْرَأَةٌ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ أُمِّي مَاتَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا صَوْمُ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْمًا قَالَ أَرَأَيْتِ لَوْ أَنَّ أُمَّكِ مَاتَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا دَيْنٌ أَكُنْتِ قَاضِيَتَهُ؟ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ قَالَ اقْضِي دَيْنَ أُمِّكِ وَهِيَ امْرَأَةٌ مِنْ خَثْعَمٍ قَالَ الْبُخَارِيُّ وَقَالَ أَبُو حَرِيزٍ حَدَّثَنِي عِكْرِمَةُ فَذَكَرَهُ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَرَوَاهُ بُرَيْدَةُ بْنُ حُصَيْبٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي الصَّوْمِ وَالْحَجِّ جَمِيعًا  

[Machine] I was sitting with the Prophet ﷺ when a woman came to him and said, "I have given charity on behalf of my mother with a slave girl, but she has passed away." He said, "You have earned your reward, and the inheritance has been returned to you." She said, "O Messenger of Allah, my mother had a month of fasting remaining, should I fast on her behalf?" He said, "Fast for her." She said, "O Messenger of Allah, my mother did not perform Hajj, should I perform Hajj on her behalf?" He said, "Perform Hajj on her behalf."  

كُنْتُ جَالِسًا عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ إِذْ أَتَتْهُ امْرَأَةٌ فَقَالَتْ إِنِّي تَصَدَّقْتُ عَلَى أُمِّي بِجَارِيَةٍ وَإِنَّهَا مَاتَتْ قَالَ وَجَبَ أَجْرُكِ وَرَدَّهَا عَلَيْكِ الْمِيرَاثُ قَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّهُ كَانَ عَلَيْهَا صَوْمُ شَهْرٍ أَفَأَصُومُ عَنْهَا؟ قَالَ صُوْمِي عَنْهَا قَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّهَا لَمْ تَحُجَّ أَفَأَحُجُّ عَنْهَا؟ قَالَ حُجِّي عَنْهَا  

[Machine] Saad bin Ubada asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ for a verdict. He said, "My mother passed away, and she had a vow upon her." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Fulfill it on her behalf." The scholar said, "This is a valid and authenticated hadith."  

أَنَّ سَعْدَ بْنَ عُبَادَةَ اسْتَفْتَى رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ إِنَّ أُمِّي مَاتَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا نَذْرٌ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ اقْضِهِ عَنْهَا قَالَ الشَّيْخُ هَذَا حَدِيثٌ ثَابِتٌ قَدْ  

[Machine] They asked the jurists what would expiate their sins and fulfill my debt, and they should begin with the debt to Allah. So he mentioned the Hadith, in which he said, "So they went to Ibn Abbas and he said to feed sixty poor people." They returned to Ibn Umar and informed him, and he said, "He spoke the truth, so do as he said."  

أَنْ يَسْأَلُوا الْفُقَهَاءَ مَا يُكَفِّرُهُمَا وَاقْضُوا عَنِّي دَيْنِي وَابْدَأُوا بِدَيْنِ اللهِ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ وَفِيهِ قَالَ فَأَتَوَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ فَقَالَ عَلَيْهِ إِطْعَامُ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا فَرَجَعُوا إِلَى ابْنِ عُمَرَ فَأَخْبَرُوهُ فَقَالَ صَدَقَ كَذَلِكَ فَاصْنَعُوا  

[Machine] Several consecutive days passed, in which consecutive statements fell. The statement "it fell" implies that it was intended to be cancelled, and it is not permissible to interpret it otherwise.  

نَزَلَتْ فَعِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَيَّامٍ أُخَرَ مُتَتَابِعَاتٍ فَسَقَطَتْ مُتَتَابِعَاتٍ قَوْلُهَا سَقَطَتْ تُرِيدُ نُسِخَتْ لَا يَصِحُّ لَهُ تَأْوِيلٌ غَيْرُ ذَلِكَ  

[Machine] Indeed, Allah has not made any concessions in His creation, and He intends to make it difficult for you in His judgments. So, calculate the number and do whatever you want.  

إِنَّ اللهَ لَمْ يُرَخِّصْ لَكُمْ فِي فِطْرِهِ وَهُوَ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَشُقَّ عَلَيْكُمْ فِي قَضَائِهِ فَأَحْصِ الْعِدَّةَ وَاصْنَعْ مَا شِئْتَ  

[Machine] Count the inventory and fast as you wish.  

أَحْصِ الْعِدَّةَ وَصُمْ كَيْفَ شِئْتَ  

[Machine] To spend it separately means to observe the fasting of Ramadan.  

أَنْ يَقْضِيَهُ مُفَرَّقًا يَعْنِي قَضَاءَ صَوْمِ رَمَضَانَ  

[Machine] He used to say about the obligation of Ramadan that whoever has anything from it, he should distinguish between it.  

أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي قَضَاءِ رَمَضَانَ مَنْ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ مِنْهُ فَلْيُفَرِّقْ بَيْنَهُ  

[Machine] "[Observing] a limited number of days [of fasting] in other [months]." [Quran 2:184]  

{فَعِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَيَّامٍ أُخَرَ} [البقرة 184]  

[Machine] "Allah [has made fasting obligatory for a number of days] [in a few other days]." [Surah Al-Baqarah 184]  

اللهُ {فَعِدَّةٌ مِنْ أَيَّامٍ أُخَرَ} [البقرة 184]  

[Machine] From the Prophet ﷺ, with a connected chain of narrators.  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِإِسْنَادٍ مُرْسَلٍ  

[Machine] It was said, "O Messenger of Allah, there was a man who had some missed fasts from Ramadan, and he made them up on separate days, one or two at a time. Will it be accepted from him?" The Messenger of Allah ﷺ replied, "What do you think if he had a debt and he paid it off one or two dirhams at a time until he paid off the entire debt? Would his debt be considered clear?" They replied, "Yes." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Then it will be accepted from him. It has been narrated from Musa ibn Uqbah, from Muhammad ibn al-Munkadir, from the Prophet ﷺ as a Mursal narration."  

قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ رَجُلٌ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ قَضَاءٌ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فَقَضَى يَوْمًا أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ مُنْقَطِعَيْنِ أَيُجْزِئُ عَنْهُ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَرَأَيْتَ لَوْ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ فَقَضَاهُ دِرْهَمًا وَدِرْهَمَيْنِ حَتَّى يَقْضِيَ دَيْنَهُ أَتَرَوْنَ ذِمَّتَهُ بَرِئَتْ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ يَقْضِي عَنْهُ وَقَدْ قِيلَ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُنْكَدِرِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مُرْسَلًا  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was asked about the cutting of missed fasts of Ramadan, so he said, "What do you think if one of you had a debt, and he paid a dirham or two dirhams, would that not be sufficient payment? Allah is more deserving of pardoning or forgiving." Ali narrated that the hadith is hasan (favorable), except that it is marfu' (elevated) and has been narrated by someone other than Abu Bakr from Yahya bin Sulaim, and it does not have a continuous chain. The sheikh said that it has also been narrated from another weak source, from Ibn Umar as marfu', and it has been narrated in its opposite from Abu Hurairah about forbidding cutting the fasts as marfu'. How can this be correct when the madhhab (school of thought) of Abu Hurairah allows for breaking the fasts and the madhhab of Ibn Umar allows for continuation? It has also been narrated from another source, from Abdullah bin Amr bin al-As, as marfu', in allowance for breaking the fasts, but nothing from that is valid.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ سُئِلَ عَنْ تَقْطِيعِ قَضَاءِ صِيَامِ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ ذَلِكَ إِلَيْكَ أَرَأَيْتَ لَوْ كَانَ عَلَى أَحَدِكُمْ دَيْنٌ فَقَضَى الدِّرْهَمَ وَالدِّرْهَمَيْنِ أَلَمْ يَكُنْ قَضَاءً؟ فَاللهُ أَحَقُّ أَنْ يَعْفُوَ أَوْ يَغْفِرَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ إِسْنَادُهُ حَسَنٌ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ مُرْسَلٌ وَقَدْ وَصَلَهُ غَيْرُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سُلَيْمٍ وَلَا يَثْبُتُ مُتَّصِلًا قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ ضَعِيفٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ مَرْفُوعًا وَقَدْ رُوِيَ فِي مُقَابَلَتِهِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ فِي النَّهْيِ عَنِ الْقَطْعِ مَرْفُوعًا وَكَيْفَ يَكُونُ ذَلِكَ صَحِيحًا وَمَذْهَبُ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ جَوَازُ التَّفْرِيقِ وَمَذْهَبُ ابْنِ عُمَرَ الْمُتَابَعَةُ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ مَرْفُوعًا فِي جَوَازِ التَّفْرِيقِ وَلَا يَصِحُّ شَيْءٌ مِنْ ذَلِكَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever has kept Ramadan fasts, let him continue to fast and not break it." Ali said: "Abdul Rahman bin Ibrahim is weak." Sheikh Abdul Rahman bin Ibrahim Madani said: "He has been weakened by Yahya bin Ma'een, Abu Abdur Rahman Nasai and Daru Qutni."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ صَوْمُ رَمَضَانَ فَلْيَسْرُدْهُ وَلَا يُقَطِّعْهُ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ضَعِيفٌ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ مَدَنِيٌّ قَدْ ضَعَّفَهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ مَعِينٍ وَأَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ النَّسَائِيُّ وَالدَّارَقُطْنِيُّ  

That ʿIkrima said, "Kasan Dihaqa means glass full (of something) followed successively with other full glasses." (Using translation from Bukhārī 3839)   

مُتَتَابِعًا  

[Machine] "He did not see a separate harm in it."  

أَنَّهُ كَانَ لَا يَرَى بِهِ مُتَفَرِّقًا بَأْسًا  

[Machine] Ibn Umar disagreed with Ali ibn Abi Talib, and the narrator of this disagreement is Harith al-Awar, and Harith is weak.  

ابْنُ عُمَرَ وَاخْتُلِفَ فِيهِ عَلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَرَاوِيهِ الْحَارِثُ الْأَعْوَرُ وَالْحَارِثُ ضَعِيفٌ  

[Machine] Verily, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited fasting these two days: the day of your breaking the fast from your fasting, and the other day when you partake in your rituals.  

إِنَّ هَذَيْنِ يَوْمَانِ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَنْ صِيَامِهِمَا يَوْمُ فِطْرِكُمْ مِنْ صِيَامِكُمْ وَالْآخَرُ يَوْمٌ تَأْكُلُونَ فِيهِ مِنْ نُسُكِكُمْ  

I was present at Eid with ‘Umar, and he started with the prayer before the khutbah. He said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade fasting on these two days. The day of al-Fitr is the day when you break your fast, and on the day of al-Adha, eat the meat of your sacrifices. (Using translation from Aḥmad 163)   

شَهِدْتُ الْعِيدَ مَعَ عُمَرَ ؓ فَبَدَأَ بِالصَّلَاةِ قَبْلَ الْخُطْبَةِ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ نَهَى عَنْ صِيَامِ هَذَيْنِ الْيَوْمَيْنِ أَمَّا يَوْمُ الْأَضْحَى فَتَأْكُلُونَ مِنْ نُسُكِكُمْ وَأَمَّا يَوْمُ الْفِطْرِ فَفِطْرُكُمْ مِنْ صِيَامِكُمْ  

[Machine] That he would not come upon it a day but he would be fasting in it, and that happened to be the day of Eid al-Adha or the day of Eid al-Fitr. Ibn Umar said, "You had a good example in the Messenger of Allah ﷺ." [Al-Ahzab 21] The Prophet ﷺ did not fast on the day of Eid al-Adha or the day of Eid al-Fitr, nor did he command their fasting.  

أَنْ لَا يَأْتِيَ عَلَيْهِ يَوْمٌ سَمَّاهُ إِلَّا وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ فِيهِ فَوَافَقَ ذَلِكَ يَوْمَ أَضْحَى أَوْ يَوْمَ فِطْرٍ فَقَالَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ {لَقَدْ كَانَ لَكُمْ فِي رَسُولِ اللهِ أُسْوَةٌ} [الأحزاب 21] حَسَنَةٌ لَمْ يَكُنْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَصُومُ يَوْمَ الْأَضْحَى وَلَا يَوْمَ الْفِطْرِ وَلَا يَأْمُرُ بِصِيَامِهِمَا  

[Machine] He narrated that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent him and Aws ibn al-Hadathan during the days of Tashreeq and he announced that no one will enter Paradise except a believer. And the days of Mina are days of eating and drinking, their wording is similar.  

أَنَّهُ حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بَعَثَهُ وَأَوْسَ بْنَ الْحَدَثَانِ أَيَّامَ التَّشْرِيقِ فَنَادَى أَنَّهُ لَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْجَنَّةَ إِلَّا مُؤْمِنٌ وَأَيَّامُ مِنًى أَيَّامُ أَكْلٍ وَشُرْبٍ لَفْظُهُمَا سَوَاءٌ  

[Machine] Amr, break your fast, for these are the days in which the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to instruct us to break our fast and prohibit us from fasting. So, Abdullah broke his fast and ate, and we ate with him.  

لَهُ عَمْرٌو أَفْطِرْ فَإِنَّ هَذِهِ الْأَيَّامُ الَّتِي كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَأْمُرُنَا بِإِفْطَارِهَا وَيَنْهَى عَنْ صِيَامِهَا فَأَفْطَرَ عَبْدُ اللهِ وَأَكَلَ وَأَكَلْنَا مَعَهُ  

[Machine] "Wudu (ablution) is only from what comes out, not from what goes in. And breaking the fast (iftar) is only from what goes in, not from what comes out. It has been narrated from the Prophet ﷺ that he said to Al-Qait bin Sabrah, 'Exaggerate in rinsing your nose unless you are fasting."  

إِنَّمَا الْوُضُوءُ مِمَّا يَخْرُجُ وَلَيْسَ مِمَّا يَدْخُلُ وَإِنَّمَا الْفِطْرُ مِمَّا دَخَلَ وَلَيْسَ مِمَّا خَرَجَ وَرُوِّينَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لِلَقِيطِ بْنِ صَبِرَةَ وَبَالِغْ فِي الِاسْتِنْشَاقِ إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونَ صَائِمًا  

[Machine] The jurist Abu al-Fath al-Umari informed us that Abd al-Rahman al-Shuraihi informed us that Abu al-Qasim al-Baghawi narrated to us through Ali ibn al-Ja'd, who narrated from Shurayk, who narrated from Suliman, who narrated from Ikrimah, who narrated from Ibn Abbas, who said: "It is not harmful for the fasting person to taste something, meaning broth or something similar."  

أَخْبَرَنَا الْفَقِيهُ أَبُو الْفَتْحِ الْعُمَرِيُّ أنبأ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ الشُّرَيْحِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ الْبَغَوِيُّ ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْجَعْدِ ثنا شَرِيكٌ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ لَا بَأْسَ أَنْ يَتَطَاعَمَ الصَّائِمُ بِالشَّيْءِ يَعْنِي الْمَرَقَةَ وَنَحْوَهَا  

I was in good spirits one day and kissed (my wife) when I was fasting. I came to the Prophet ﷺ and said: I have done something serious. I kissed (my wife) when I was fasting. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “What do you think if you rinse your mouth with water when you are fasting?ʿ I said: There is nothing wrong with it. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Then why (are you worried)?ʿ (Using translation from Aḥmad 138)   

هَشَشْتُ يَوْمًا فَقَبَّلْتُ وَأَنَا صَائِمٌ فَأَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ صَنَعْتُ الْيَوْمَ أَمْرًا عَظِيمًا قَبَّلْتُ وَأَنَا صَائِمٌ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَرَأَيْتَ لَوْ تَمَضْمَضْتَ بِالْمَاءِ وَأَنْتَ صَائِمٌ فَقُلْتُ لَا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَفِيمَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to me, "Trim your fingernails, perform ablution thoroughly, and when you rinse your nose, do so excessively unless you are fasting."  

قَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ خَلِّلْ أَصَابِعَكَ وَأَسْبِغِ الْوُضُوءَ وَإِذَا اسْتَنْشَقْتَ فَبَالِغْ إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونَ صَائِمًا  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "Use al-ithmid, as it clears the vision and promotes hair growth." It is claimed that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to have a kohl container with which he would apply kohl three times in one eye and three times in the other eye every night. This is the most authentic narration regarding the kohl application of the Prophet ﷺ.  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْإِثْمِدِ فَإِنَّهُ يَجْلُو الْبَصَرَ وَيُنْبِتُ الشَّعْرَ وَزَعَمَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَتْ لَهُ مُكْحُلَةٌ يَكْتَحِلُ مِنْهَا كُلَّ لَيْلَةٍ ثَلَاثًا فِي هَذِهِ وَثَلَاثًا فِي هَذِهِ هَذَا أَصَحُّ مَا رُوِيَ فِي اكْتِحَالِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ used to apply kohl while fasting. Abu Sa'd al-Malini narrated to us, reporting from Abu Ahmad ibn 'Adi al-Hafiz, who narrated from al-Fadl ibn 'Abdullah al-Antaki, who narrated from Luwayn, who narrated from Hibban, who narrated from Ali ibn Muhammad ibn 'Ubaidullah ibn Abi Rafi', and this is also reported by.  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ يَكْتَحِلُ بِالْإِثْمِدِ وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو سَعْدٍ الْمَالِينِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ بْنُ عَدِيٍّ الْحَافِظُ ثنا الْفَضْلُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْأَنْطَاكِيُّ ثنا لُوَيْنٌ ثنا حِبَّانُ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي رَافِعٍ وَكَذَلِكَ  

[Machine] Perhaps the Prophet ﷺ applied kohl while fasting. Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz and Abu Sa'eed ibn Abi Amr reported to us that Abu Al-Abbas Muhammad ibn Ya'qub told us that Muhammad ibn Ishaq Al-Saghani told us that Ahmad ibn Abu Tayyib told us that Baqiyyah ibn Al-Walid narrated from Sa'eed Al-Zubaidi, who mentioned it. Sa'eed Al-Zubaidi was one of the Shaykhs of Baqiyyah and was known for narrating rare hadiths that were not widely known. It was also reported from Anas ibn Malik in a weak chain of narration with Marrah that he did not see any harm in it. However, there is a hadith prohibiting it during the day while fasting.  

رُبَّمَا اكْتَحَلَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ وَأَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو قَالَا ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الصَّغَانِيُّ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ أَبِي الطَّيِّبِ ثنا بَقِيَّةُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ سَعِيدٍ الزُّبَيْدِيِّ فَذَكَرَهُ وَسَعِيدٌ الزُّبَيْدِيُّ مِنْ مَجَاهِيلِ شُيُوخِ بَقِيَّةَ يَنْفَرِدُ بِمَا لَا يُتَابَعُ عَلَيْهِ وَرُوِيَ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ مَرْفُوعًا بِإِسْنَادٍ ضَعِيفٍ بِمَرَّةٍ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَرَ بِهِ بَأْسًا وَقَدْ رُوِيَ فِي النَّهْيِ عَنْهُ نَهَارًا وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ حَدِيثٌ  

[Machine] And his grandfather brought him to the Prophet ﷺ , so the Prophet ﷺ wiped his head and said, "Do not apply kohl during the day while you are fasting. Apply kohl at night, as antimony clears the vision and promotes hair growth." Sheikh Abdul Rahman, son of Nu'man ibn Ma'bad ibn Hawdha, father of Nu'man, and Ma'bad ibn Hawdha Al-Ansari- he is the one to whom this companionship belongs.  

وَكَانَ جَدُّهُ أَتَى بِهِ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَمَسَحَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ فَقَالَ لَا تَكْتَحِلْ بِالنَّهَارِ وَأَنْتَ صَائِمٌ اكْتَحِلْ لَيْلًا الْإِثْمِدُ يَجْلُو الْبَصَرَ وَيُنْبِتُ الشَّعْرَ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ هُوَ ابْنُ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ مَعْبَدِ بْنِ هَوْذَةَ أَبُو النُّعْمَانِ وَمَعْبَدُ بْنُ هَوْذَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ هُوَ الَّذِي لَهُ هَذِهِ الصُّحْبَةُ  

AbuBakr ibn AbdurRahman reported on the authority of a Companion of the Prophet ﷺ: I saw the Prophet ﷺ commanding the people while he was travelling on the occasion of the conquest of Mecca not to observe fast. He said: Be strong for your enemy. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ fasted himself. Narrated AbuBakr: A man who narrated his tradition to me said: I have seen the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in al-Arj pouring water over his head while he was fasting, either because of thirst or because of heat. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2365)   

عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَمَرَ النَّاسَ فِي سَفَرِهِ بِالْفِطْرِ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ وَقَالَ تَقَوَّوْا لِعَدُوِّكُمْ وَصَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ 8261 قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَقَالَ الَّذِي حَدَّثَنِي لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بِالْعَرْجِ يَصُبُّ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ الْمَاءَ وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ مِنَ الْعَطَشِ أَوْ قَالَ مِنَ الْحَرِّ  

[Machine] I saw Ibn Abbas throwing pebbles in the courtyards of Zamzam while standing.  

رَأَيْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ يَكْرَعُ فِي حِيَاضِ زَمْزَمَ وَهُوَ قَائِمٌ  

[Machine] That Prophet ﷺ performed cupping while fasting, as narrated in the narration of Tammam, through the narrator Ayyub and others equally.  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ احْتَجَمَ وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ فِي رِوَايَةِ تَمْتَامٍ ثنا أَيُّوبُ وَالْبَاقِي سَوَاءٌ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ travelled between Mecca and Medina while he was fasting in the month of Muharram. This was also narrated by Maymun bin Mihran from Ibn Abbas.  

احْتَجَمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَيْنَ مَكَّةَ وَالْمَدِينَةِ وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ مُحْرِمٌ وَرَوَاهُ أَيْضًا مَيْمُونُ بْنُ مِهْرَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ  

[Machine] There is no except for weakness.  

لَا إِلَّا مِنْ أَجْلِ الضَّعْفِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , prohibited continuous blood-letting and cupping for the fasting person to keep him healthy, but he did not forbid them. It was said to him (the Prophet), "You experience cupping." He replied, "Indeed, my Lord has kept me nourished and quenched."  

نَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَنِ الْمُوَاصَلَةِ وَالْحِجَامَةِ لِلصَّائِمِ إِبْقَاءً عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ وَلَمْ يُحَرِّمْهُمَا فَقِيلَ لَهُ إِنَّكَ تُوَاصِلُ فَقَالَ إِنِّي أَظَلُّ يُطْعِمُنِي رَبِّي وَيَسْقِينِي