11. Fasting
١١۔ كِتَابُ الصِّيَامِ
[Machine] The wife of the Prophet ﷺ said, "Whenever I enter the house for a need and there is a sick person inside, I don't ask about him except when passing by. And if the Messenger of Allah ﷺ enters upon me while he is in the mosque, I would make him step back. He would only enter the house for a need if he was in retreat. And according to the narration of Ibn Bukair, they would be in retreat."
ؓ زَوْجَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَتْ إِنْ كُنْتُ لَأَدْخُلُ الْبَيْتَ لِلْحَاجَةِ وَالْمَرِيضُ فِيهِ فَمَا أَسْأَلُ عَنْهُ إِلَّا وَأَنَا مَارَّةٌ وَإِنْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَيُدْخِلُ عَلَيَّ رَأْسَهُ وَهُوَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَأُرَجِّلُهُ وَكَانَ لَا يَدْخُلُ الْبَيْتَ إِلَّا لِحَاجَةٍ إِنْ كَانَ مُعْتَكِفًا وَفِي رِوَايَةِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ إِنْ كَانُوا مُعْتَكِفِينَ
[Machine] Aisha, the wife of the Prophet ﷺ , narrated that the Prophet ﷺ used to observe i'tikaf during the last ten days of Ramadan until his death. After him, his wives also observed i'tikaf. The Sunnah (recommended practice) regarding i'tikaf is that one should not leave except for necessary matters that cannot be avoided, should not return while being sick, should not have sexual relations with his wife, and should observe i'tikaf only in a congregation mosque. The Sunnah for those observing i'tikaf is to fast.
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ يَعْتَكِفُ الْعَشْرَ الْأَوَاخِرَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ حَتَّى تَوَفَّاهُ اللهُ ثُمَّ اعْتَكَفَ أَزْوَاجُهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَالسُّنَّةُ فِي الْمُعْتَكِفِ أَنْ لَا يَخْرُجَ إِلَّا لِحَاجَتِهِ الَّتِي لَا بُدَّ لَهُ مِنْهَا وَلَا يَعُودُ مَرِيضًا وَلَا يَمَسُّ امْرَأَتَهُ وَلَا يُبَاشِرُهَا وَلَا اعْتِكَافَ إِلَّا فِي مَسْجِدِ جَمَاعَةٍ وَالسُّنَّةُ فِيمَنِ اعْتَكَفَ أَنْ يَصُومَ
[Machine] "That he should not return sick, nor witness a funeral, nor touch a woman, nor intimate with her, nor go out for a need except when necessary, nor seclude himself except with fasting, nor seclude himself except in a congregational mosque. The sheikh said, many huffaz have gone to say that this statement is from someone other than Aisha, and that those who included it in the narration were mistaken."
أَنْ لَا يَعُودَ مَرِيضًا وَلَا يَشْهَدُ جِنَازَةً وَلَا يَمَسَّ امْرَأَةً وَلَا يُبَاشِرَهَا وَلَا يَخْرُجَ لِحَاجَةٍ إِلَّا لِمَا لَا بُدَّ لَهُ مِنْهُ وَلَا اعْتِكَافَ إِلَّا بِصَوْمٍ وَلَا اعْتِكَافَ إِلَّا فِي مَسْجِدٍ جَامِعٍ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ قَدْ ذَهَبَ كَثِيرٌ مِنَ الْحُفَّاظِ إِلَى أَنَّ هَذَا الْكَلَامَ مِنْ قَوْلِ مَنْ دُونَ عَائِشَةَ وَأَنَّ مَنْ أَدْرَجَهُ فِي الْحَدِيثِ وَهِمَ فِيهِ فَقَدْ
According to the version of Al Nufaili, A’ishah said “The Prophet ﷺ used to pass by a patient while he was observing I’tikaf(in the mosque) but he passed as usual and did not stay asking about him.” According to the version of Ibn Isa she said “The Prophet ﷺ would visit a patient while he was observing I’tikaf.” (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2472)
كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَمُرُّ بِالْمَرِيضِ وَهُوَ مُعْتَكِفٌ فَيَمُرُّ كَمَا هُوَ وَلَا يَعْرُجُ يَسْأَلُ عَنْهُ وَقَالَ ابْنُ عِيسَى قَالَتْ إِنْ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَعُودُ الْمَرِيضَ وَهُوَ مُعْتَكِفٌ
[Machine] Ibn Abbas said, "When someone observes I'tikaf, he should not engage in sexual relations with women."
قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ إِذَا اعْتَكَفَ فَلَا يجَامِعُ النِّسَاءَ
[Machine] In his saying, "And do not approach them while you are in a state of ritual impurity within the mosques" [Quran 2:187], Al-Mubasharah, Al-Mulamasah, and Al-Mass are all forms of intimate relations, but Allah bestows His blessings and benefits as He wills and chooses.
فِي قَوْلِهِ {وَلَا تُبَاشِرُوهُنَّ وَأَنْتُمْ عَاكِفُونَ فِي الْمَسَاجِدِ} [البقرة 187] قَالَ الْمُبَاشَرَةُ وَالْمُلَامَسَةُ وَالْمَسُّ جِمَاعٌ كُلُّهُ وَلَكِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ يُكَنِّي مَا شَاءَ بِمَا شَاءَ