11. Fasting
١١۔ كِتَابُ الصِّيَامِ
When the Prophet ﷺ on the day of 'Ashurah and commanded us to fast on it, they (i.e. Companions) said: Messenger of Allah, this is a day which is considered great by Jews and Christians ? The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: When the next year comes, we shall fast on the 9th of Muharram. But the next year the Messenger of Allah ﷺ breathed his last. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2445)
سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عَبَّاسٍ يَقُولُ حِينَ صَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ وَأَمَرَ بِصِيَامِهِ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّهُ يَوْمٌ تُعَظِّمُهُ الْيَهُودُ وَالنَّصَارَى فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَإِذَا كَانَ الْعَامُ الْمُقْبِلُ صُمْنَا يَوْمَ التَّاسِعِ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ قَالَ فَلَمْ يَأْتِ الْعَامُ الْمُقْبِلُ حَتَّى تُوُفِّيَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "If I reach Qabil (a place) safely, I will fast the ninth day."
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَئِنْ سَلِمْتُ إِلَى قَابِلٍ لَأَصُومَنَّ الْيَوْمَ التَّاسِعَ
[Machine] When you see the new moon of Muharram, count and when you reach the ninth day, begin fasting. He said, I said, that is how Muhammad ﷺ used to fast. He said, yes.
إِذَا رَأَيْتَ هِلَالَ الْمُحَرَّمِ فَاعْدُدْ فَإِذَا أَصْبَحْتَ مِنْ تَاسِعِهِ فَأَصْبِحْ صَائِمًا قَالَ قُلْتُ كَذَلِكَ كَانَ يَصُومُ مُحَمَّدٌ ﷺ قَالَ نَعَمْ
عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ كَذَلِكَ مَوْقُوفًا
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "If I am spared, I will definitely order the observance of fasting on a day before or after the day of Ashura."
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَئِنْ بُقِّيتُ لَآمُرَنَّ بِصِيَامِ يَوْمٍ قَبْلَهُ أَوْ يَوْمٍ بَعْدَهُ يَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Fast on the Day of Ashura and differ from the Jews in it. Fast a day before it or a day after it. This is the wording of Al-Muqri' (knowledgeable person), and in the narration of Ibn 'Abdan, fast a day before it and a day after it, and this is the meaning."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ صُومُوا يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ وَخَالِفُوا فِيهِ الْيَهُودَ صُومُوا قَبْلَهُ يَوْمًا أَوْ بَعْدَهُ يَوْمًا هَذَا لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ الْمُقْرِئِ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ ابْنِ عَبْدَانَ صُومُوا قَبْلَهُ يَوْمًا وَبَعْدَهُ يَوْمًا وَبِمَعْنَاهُ