[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ sent a man who had converted to Islam on the day of Ashura to his people, ordering them to fast on this day. The man said, "I do not think I will come to them until they have eaten." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Whoever among them eats, let him fast the rest of the day."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ بَعَثَ رَجُلًا مِنْ أَسْلَمَ يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ يَأْمُرُهُمْ فَلْيَصُومُوا هَذَا الْيَوْمَ فَقَالَ مَا أَرَى آتِيَهُمْ حَتَّى يَطْعَمُوا قَالَ مَنْ طَعِمَ مِنْهُمْ فَلْيَصُمْ بَقِيَّةَ يَوْمِهِ  

He who got up in the morning fasting (without eating anything) he should complete his fast, and he who had had his breakfast in the morning, he should complete the rest of the day (without food). The Companions said; We henceforth observed fast on it (on the day of 'Ashura) and, God willing, made our children observe that. We went to the mosque and made toys out of wool for them and when anyone felt hungry and wept for food we gave them these toys till it was the time to break the fast. (Using translation from Muslim 1136a)   

أَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ صَبِيحَةَ عَاشُورَاءَ إِلَى قُرَى الْأَنْصَارِ الَّتِي حَوْلَ الْمَدِينَةِ مَنْ كَانَ أَصْبَحَ صَائِمًا فَلْيُتِمَّ صَوْمَهُ وَمَنْ كَانَ أَصْبَحَ مُفْطِرًا فَلْيُتِمَّ بَقِيَّةَ يَوْمِهِ قَالَتْ فَكُنَّا نَصُومُهُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَنُصَوِّمُ صِبْيَانَنَا الصِّغَارَ وَنَجْعَلُ لَهُمُ اللُّعْبَةَ مِنَ الْعِهْنِ وَنَذْهَبُ بِهِمْ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ فَإِذَا بَكَى أَحَدُهُمْ عَلَى الطَّعَامِ أَعْطَيْنَاهُ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى يَكُونَ عِنْدَ الْإِفْطَارِ  

[Machine] The day of Ashura used to be observed as a fast by the Quraysh in the pre-Islamic era, and the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ also used to fast on this day during that time. When the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ arrived in Madinah, he continued to fast on this day and ordered others to also observe the fast. However, when the obligatory fast of Ramadan was established, it became the main priority, and the fast of Ashura was left as optional. So, whoever wishes to fast on this day may do so, and whoever wishes to leave it may do so.  

كَانَ يَوْمُ عَاشُورَاءَ يَوْمًا تَصُومُهُ قُرَيْشٌ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَصُومُهُ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ صَامَهُ وَأَمَرَ بِصِيَامِهِ فَلَمَّا فُرِضَ رَمَضَانُ كَانَ هُوَ الْفَرِيضَةُ وَتَرَكَ يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ فَمَنْ شَاءَ صَامَهُ وَمَنْ شَاءَ تَرَكَهُ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to command the observance of fasting on the day of Ashura before the obligatory fast of Ramadan was prescribed. When the fast of the month of Ramadan became mandatory, whoever desired would observe the fast on the day of Ashura, and whoever desired would break their fast.  

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَمَرَ بِصِيَامِ يَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُفْرَضَ رَمَضَانُ فَلَمَّا فُرِضَ صِيَامُ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ كَانَ مَنْ شَاءَ صَامَ عَاشُورَاءَ وَمَنْ شَاءَ أَفْطَرَ  

[Machine] "Do you know what the day of Ashura is? It was a day that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to fast before the month of Ramadan was revealed. But when Ramadan was revealed, he abandoned it."  

أَوَتَدْرِي مَا يَوْمُ عَاشُورَاءَ؟ إِنَّمَا كَانَ يَوْمًا كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَصُومُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ رَمَضَانُ فَلَمَّا نَزَلَ رَمَضَانُ تَرَكَ  

[Machine] "And that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to fast it, and the Muslims as well, before the obligation of Ramadan was revealed. But when Ramadan was made obligatory, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Indeed, Ashura is a day from the days of Allah, so whoever wishes, let him fast it, and whoever wishes, let him leave it.'"  

وَأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ صَامَهُ وَالْمُسْلِمُونَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُفْرَضَ رَمَضَانُ فَلَمَّا افْتُرِضَ رَمَضَانُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّ عَاشُورَاءَ يَوْمٌ مِنْ أَيَّامِ اللهِ فَمَنْ شَاءَ صَامَهُ وَمَنْ شَاءَ تَرَكَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to command us to fast on the day of Ashura and encouraged us to do so. He would remind us about it and remind us in his presence. But when Ramadan was prescribed, he did not command or forbid us from fasting on the day of Ashura, and he did not emphasize it in his presence. This is the wording of the hadith narrated by Ubaydullah.  

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَأْمُرُنَا بِصِيَامِ يَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ وَيَحُثُّنَا عَلَيْهِ وَيَتَعَاهَدُنَا عِنْدَهُ فَلَمَّا فُرِضَ رَمَضَانُ لَمْ يَأْمُرْنَا وَلَمْ يَنْهَنَا وَلَمْ يَتَعَاهَدْنَا عِنْدَهُ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ  

[Machine] Abu Musa al-Ash'ari said, "The day of Ashura is a day that the Jews hold in high regard and consider it a festive day." So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Therefore, fast on that day."  

قَالَ أَبُو مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيُّ كَانَ يَوْمُ عَاشُورَاءَ يَوْمًا تُعَظِّمُهُ الْيَهُودُ وَتَتَّخِذُهُ عِيدًا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَصُومُوهُ أَنْتُمْ  

[Machine] When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ arrived in Medina, he found the Jews fasting on the day of Ashura. He asked them about it, and they said, "This is the day when Moses, ﷺ , was saved from Pharaoh." He responded, "You have more right to follow Moses than them, so fast on this day."  

لَمَّا قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ وَجَدَ الْيَهُودَ تَصُومُ عَاشُورَاءَ فَسَأَلَهُمْ فَقَالُوا هَذَا الْيَوْمُ الَّذِي ظَهْرَ فِيهِ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ عَلَى فِرْعَوْنَ فَقَالَ أَنْتُمْ أَوْلَى بِمُوسَى مِنْهُمْ فَصُومُوهُ