[Machine] I heard Jundub ibn Sufyan al-Bajali saying, "I witnessed the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the Day of Sacrifice saying, 'Whoever slaughtered before praying, let him renew his place, and whoever did not slaughter, let him slaughter.'"  

سَمِعْتُ جُنْدُبَ بْنَ سُفْيَانَ الْبَجَلِيَّ ؓ يَقُولُ شَهِدْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ يَقُولُ مَنْ ذَبَحَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ فَلْيُعِدْ مَكَانَهَا وَمَنْ لَمْ يَذْبَحْ فَلْيَذْبَحْ  

Apostle of Allah, it is the day of meat and it is not desirable (to have longing for it and not to make use of it immediately), so I hastened in offering my animal as a sacrifice, so that I might feed my family and neighbours and my kith and kin. Thereupon Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Offer again your sacrifice. He said: Messenger of Allah, I have a small milch goat of less than one year, and that is better than two dry goats (from which only) meat (can be acquired). Thereupon he said: That is better than the two animals of sacrifice on your behalf, and the sacrifice of a goat, of less than six months shall not be accepted as a sacrifice on behalf of anyone after your (sacrifice). (Using translation from Muslim 1961b)   

أَنْ يَذْبَحَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ هَذَا يَوْمٌ اللَّحْمُ فِيهِ مَكْرُوهٌ وَإِنِّي عَجَّلْتُ نَسِيكَتِي لِأُطْعِمَ أَهْلِي وَجِيرَانِي وَأَهْلَ دَارِي فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَعِدْ نُسُكًا فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ عِنْدِي عَنَاقًا لَهِيَ خَيْرٌ مِنْ شَاتَيْ لَحْمٍ فَقَالَ هِيَ خَيْرُ نَسِيكَتِكَ وَلَا تُجْزِي جَذَعَةٌ عَنْ أَحَدٍ بَعْدَكَ  

The Prophet ﷺ said, "Whoever slaughtered (his sacrifice) before the ʿId prayer, should slaughter again." A man stood up and said, "This is the day on which one has desire for meat," and he mentioned something about his neighbors. It seemed that the Prophet ﷺ I believed him. Then the same man added, "I have a young she-goat which is dearer to me than the meat of two sheep." The Prophet ﷺ permitted him to slaughter it as a sacrifice. I do not know whether that permission was valid only for him or for others as well. (Using translation from Bukhārī 954)   

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ مَنْ كَانَ ذَبَحَ قَبْلَ الصَّلَاةِ فَلْيُعِدْ فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ هَذَا يَوْمٌ يُشْتَهَى فِيهِ اللَّحْمُ وَذَكَرَ هَنَةً مِنْ جِيرَانِهِ كَأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ صَدَّقَهُ وَعِنْدِي جَذَعَةٌ أَحَبُّ إِلِيَّ مِنْ شَاتَيْ لَحْمٍ قَالَ فَرَخَّصَ لَهُ قَالَ فَلَا أَدْرِي أَبَلَغَتِ الرُّخْصَةُ مَنْ سِوَاهُ أَمْ لَا  

[Machine] Ibn Ulayyah mentioned it with his chain of narration, similar to it. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ went to two rams and slaughtered them. The people then went to the spoils and distributed them or he said they rejoiced over them.  

ثنا ابْنُ عُلَيَّةَ فَذَكَرَهُ بِإِسْنَادِهِ مِثْلَهُ زَادَ ثُمَّ انْكَفَأَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى كَبْشَيْنِ فَذَبَحَهُمَا فَقَامَ النَّاسُ إِلَى غَنِيمَةٍ فَتَوَزَّعُوهَا أَوْ قَالَ تَجَزَّعُوهَا  

[Machine] "And that he, may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him, mentioned this to the Messenger of Allah and ordered him to return for another sacrifice."  

وَأَنَّهُ ذَكَرَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ ذَلِكَ فَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَعُودَ لِضَحِيَّةٍ أُخْرَى  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the day of Eid al-Adha claimed that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded him to go back for another sacrifice. Abu Burdah said, "I only found a stump." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Even if you only find a stump, then slaughter it." Ash-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, narrated these two hadiths from Malik, may Allah have mercy on him. 19027 Then he said, "Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz did not inform us. Abu Abbas Muhammad ibn Ya'qub informed us. An-Nawbah ibn Sulaiman reported: Ash-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, said, "It is possible that he was commanded to go back for another sacrifice, because the sacrifice before the appointed time is not a valid sacrifice that fulfills the requirement. Therefore, it would be counted among those who sacrifice." We found the evidence from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ that the sacrifice is not obligatory, but it is recommended to perform it and it is disliked to leave it, not because it is obligatory. If it is asked, "Where is the Sunnah that indicates that it is not obligatory?" It is said, "We were informed by Sufyan from Abdur Rahman ibn Humaid from Sa'id ibn Al-Musayyib from Umm Salamah, who said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'When the ten days of Dhul-Hijjah come and one of you wants to sacrifice, let him not touch his hair or skin until he sacrifices.'" Ash-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, said, "This hadith indicates that the sacrifice is not obligatory, because if it were obligatory, it would be more appropriate for him to say, 'Let him not touch his hair until he sacrifices.'" The sheikh said, "And in the authentic hadith narrated by Al-Bara' ibn Azib, he said, 'The Messenger of Allah ﷺ addressed us on the day of sacrifice and said, 'The first thing we begin with on this day of ours is to pray, then we return and sacrifice. Whoever does that has followed our Sunnah.' And that is mentioned in the chapter regarding the time of sacrifice."  

رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ الْأَضْحَى فَزَعَمَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَعُودَ لِضَحِيَّةٍ أُخْرَى فَقَالَ أَبُو بُرْدَةَ لَا أَجِدُ إِلَّا جَذَعًا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَإِنْ لَمْ تَجِدْ إِلَّا جَذَعًا فَاذْبَحْ ذَكَرَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ هَذَيْنِ الْحَدِيثَيْنِ عَنْ مَالِكٍ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ 19027 ثُمَّ قَالَ مَا أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ أَنْبَأَ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ قَالَ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ فَاحْتُمِلَ أَنْ يَكُونَ إِنَّمَا أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَعُودَ لِضَحِيَّةٍ أَنَّ الضَّحِيَّةَ وَاجِبَةٌ وَاحْتَمَلَ أَمْرُهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَعُودَ إِنْ أَرَادَ أَنْ يُضَحِّيَ؛ لَأَنَّ الضَّحِيَّةَ قَبْلَ الْوَقْتِ لَيْسَتْ بِضَحِيَّةٍ تُجْزِيهِ فَيَكُونُ مِنْ عِدَادِ مَنْ ضَحَّى فَوَجَدْنَا الدَّلَالَةَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّ الضَّحِيَّةَ لَيْسَتْ بِوَاجِبَةٍ لَا يَحِلُّ تَرْكُهَا وَهِيَ سُنَّةٌ نُحِبُّ لُزُومَهَا وَنَكْرَهُ تَرْكَهَا لَا عَلَى إِيجَابِهَا فَإِنْ قِيلَ فَأَيْنَ السُّنَّةُ الَّتِي دَلَّتْ عَلَى أَنَّهَا لَيْسَتْ بِوَاجِبَةٍ قِيلَ أَخْبَرَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ ؓ قَالَتْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا دَخَلَ الْعَشْرُ فَأَرَادَ أَحَدُكُمْ أَنْ يُضَحِّيَ فَلَا يَمَسَّ مِنْ شَعْرِهِ وَلَا مِنْ بَشَرِهِ شَيْئًا قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَفِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ دَلَالَةٌ عَلَى أَنَّ الضَّحِيَّةَ لَيْسَتْ بِوَاجِبَةٍ؛ لِقَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَرَادَ أَحَدُكُمْ أَنْ يُضَحِّيَ وَلَوْ كَانَتِ الضَّحِيَّةُ وَاجِبَةً أَشْبَهَ أَنْ يَقُولَ فَلَا يَمَسَّ مِنْ شَعْرِهِ حَتَّى يُضَحِّيَ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَفِي الْحَدِيثِ الثَّابِتِ عَنِ الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ ؓ قَالَ خَطَبَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ فَقَالَ إِنَّ أَوَّلَ مَا نَبْدَأُ بِهِ فِي يَوْمِنَا هَذَا أَنْ نُصَلِّيَ ثُمَّ نَرْجِعَ فَنَنْحَرَ فَمَنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ أَصَابَ سُنَّتَنَا وَذَلِكَ مَذْكُورٌ فِي بَابِ وَقْتِ الْأُضْحِيَّةِ  

[Machine] A man came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, I have been commanded to celebrate Eid al-Adha, which Allah has made for this Ummah. But if I can only find the scent of my father's perfume or the sheep of my father and my family, can I sacrifice them?" The Prophet ﷺ said, "No, but trim your nails, shave your mustache, and shorten your hair. That is the complete sacrifice in the sight of Allah." (Hadith 19029) And Abu Abdullah granted me permission. Abu al-Abbas Muhammad ibn Ya'qub narrated to us, Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn Abd al-Hakam narrated to us, who reported it from Ibn Wahb, and he mentioned it with its chain of narration.  

رَجُلًا أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أُمِرْتُ بِيَوْمِ الْأَضْحَى عِيدًا جَعَلَهُ اللهُ لِهَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ فَإِنْ لَمْ أَجِدْ إِلَّا مَنِيحَةَ أَبِي أَوْ شَاةَ أَبِي وَأَهْلِي وَمَنِيحَتَهُمْ أَذْبَحُهَا؟ قَالَ لَا وَلَكِنْ قَلِّمْ أَظْفَارَكَ وَقُصَّ شَارِبَكَ وَاحْلِقْ عَانَتَكَ فَذَلِكَ تَمَامُ أُضْحِيَّتِكَ عِنْدَ اللهِ ﷻ 19029 وَأَنْبَانِي أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ إِجَازَةً ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْحَكَمِ أنبأ ابْنُ وَهْبٍ فَذَكَرَهُ بِإِسْنَادِهِ مِثْلَهُ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , said: "There are three obligations upon me, and you have voluntary acts of worship: performing the sacrifice, praying the Witr prayer, and performing the two Rak'ahs of Dhuha (forenoon prayer)."  

رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ ثَلَاثٌ هُنَّ عَلَيَّ فَرَائِضُ وَلَكُمْ تَطَوُّعٌ النَّحْرُ وَالْوِتْرُ وَرَكْعَتَا الضُّحَى  

[Machine] "The sacrifice was prescribed for me, but it was not prescribed for you," al-Asbahani mentioned in his narration. "I was commanded to pray the duha (forenoon) prayer, but you were not commanded to do so," they said about Simak.  

كُتِبَ عَلَيَّ النَّحْرُ وَلَمْ يُكْتَبْ عَلَيْكُمْ زَادَ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ وَأُمِرْتُ بِصَلَاةِ الضُّحَى وَلَمْ تُؤْمَرُوا بِهَا كَذَا قَالَا عَنْ سِمَاكٍ  

And Allah is most knowing of what they keep within themselves. (Using translation from Qurʾān 84:23)   

النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

[Machine] He ﷺ prayed for the people on the day of sacrifice. When he finished his sermon and prayer, he called for a sheep and slaughtered it himself, saying, "In the name of Allah, Allah is the Greatest. O Allah, this is from me and from those who did not sacrifice from my Ummah." This narration is reported by Abu Sa'id Al-Khudri, Abu Hurairah, and Anas bin Malik from the Prophet ﷺ in its meaning. Al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said that we were informed that Abu Bakr and Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) disliked being followed in this matter, so whoever saw them may assume that it is not obligatory.  

ﷺ صَلَّى لِلنَّاسِ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ خُطْبَتِهِ وَصَلَاتِهِ دَعَا بِكَبْشٍ فَذَبَحَهُ هُوَ بِنَفْسِهِ وَقَالَ بِسْمِ اللهِ وَاللهُ أَكْبَرُ اللهُمَّ عَنِّي وَعَمَّنْ لَمْ يُضَحِّ مِنْ أُمَّتِي وَرُوِيَ ذَلِكَ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَأَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ؓ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِمَعْنَاهُ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَبَلَغَنَا أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقَ وَعُمَرَ ؓ كَانَا لَا يُضَحِّيَانِ كَرَاهِيَةَ أَنْ يُقْتَدَى بِهِمَا فَيَظُنُّ مَنْ رَآهُمَا أَنَّهَا وَاجِبَةٌ  

[Machine] I saw Abu Bakr and Umar and they did not sacrifice in some of their conversations; Abdu Sariha al-Ghifari, Huzaifah bin Usaid, the companion of the Prophet (PBUH), imitated them with dislike.  

أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَوْ رَأَيْتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ ؓ كَانَا لَا يُضَحِّيَانِ فِي بَعْضِ حَدِيثِهِمْ كَرَاهِيَةَ أَنْ يُقْتَدَى بِهِمَا أَبُو سَرِيحَةَ الْغِفَارِيُّ هُوَ حُذَيْفَةُ بْنُ أُسَيْدٍ صَاحِبُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ  

[Machine] Abu 'Abd al-Rahman al-Sulami, in what I have read from him, mentioned that Abu Ishaq al-Bazari narrated to us, who was narrated by Abu al-Husayn al-Ghazi, who was narrated by 'Amr ibn 'Ali who said, "I asked Yahya ibn Sa'id and he said: Mu'tamir informed us, who said: Isma'il narrated to us, who narrated from Mutarraf, who narrated from al-Sha'bi, who narrated from Abu Sarihah who said, 'This is similar to his narration from al-Sha'bi, from 'Amr al-Jamali, meaning 'Amr ibn Murrah. Isma'il narrated to us and 'Amir mentioned it, meaning Yahya made a mistake in this as he did in that. The narration of Sufyan al-Thawri confirms the statement of Yahya." Al-Shafi'i also said, "And from Ibn 'Abbas..."  

أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السُّلَمِيُّ فِيمَا قَرَأْتُ عَلَيْهِ أنبأ أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ الْبِزَارِيُّ ثنا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ الْغَازِيُّ ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ عَلِيٍّ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِيَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ إِنَّ مُعْتَمِرًا حَدَّثَنَا قَالَ ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ ثنا مُطَرِّفٌ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي سَرِيحَةَ فَقَالَ هَذَا مِثْلُ حَدِيثِهِ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ عَنْ عَمْرٍو الْجَمَلِيِّ يُرِيدُ عَمْرَو بْنَ مُرَّةَ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ أنبأ عَامِرٌ فَذَكَرَهُ يُرِيدُ يَحْيَى أَنَّهُ أَخْطَأَ فِي هَذَا كَمَا أَخْطَأَ فِي ذَلِكَ وَرِوَايَةُ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ تُؤَكِّدُ قَوْلَ يَحْيَى قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ  

[Machine] Adha the son of Abbas.  

أَضْحَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ  

[Machine] "It is necessary for me."  

أَنَّهُ حَتْمٌ عَلَيَّ  

[Machine] "It is an inevitable fate upon her."  

أَنَّهَا عَلَيْهَا حَتْمٌ وَاجِبٌ  

[Machine] I hate or avoid doubting the clarity of uncovered nakedness, the clarity of evident lameness, the clarity of evident illness, and the clarity of evident emaciation. Then Ibn Umar said to him, "Perhaps you think it is obligatory?" I said, "No, but it is a reward, goodness, and a sunnah." He said, "Yes." Al-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, said, "And the saying does not exceed the context of the sacrifice, or it may be obligatory, and it is upon every person, young or old, and it does not suffice except for a sheep for each individual."  

أَكْرَهُ أَوِ اجْتَنِبْ شَكَّ وَهْبِ الْعُورَ الْبَيِّنَ عَوَرُهَا وَالْعَرْجَاءَ الْبَيِّنَ عَرَجُهَا وَالْمَرِيضَةَ الْبَيِّنَ مَرَضُهَا وَالْمَهْزُولَةَ الْبَيِّنَ هُزَالُهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ ابْنُ عُمَرَ لَعَلَّكَ تَحْسَبُ حَتْمًا؟ قُلْتُ لَا وَلَكِنَّهُ أَجْرٌ وَخَيْرٌ وَسُنَّةٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَلَا يَعْدُو الْقَوْلُ فِي الضَّحَايَا هَذَا أَوْ تَكُونُ وَاجِبَةً فَهِيَ عَلَى كُلِّ أَحَدٍ صَغِيرٍ وَكَبِيرٍ لَا يُجْزِي غَيْرُ شَاةٍ عَنْ كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ