61. Sacrificial Animals

٦١۔ كِتَابُ الضَّحَايَا

61.65 Regarding al-Fara and al-Atirah

٦١۔٦٥ بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي الْفَرَعِ وَالْعَتِيرَةِ

bayhaqi:19339Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥusayn b. Muḥammad al-Rūdhbārī > Muḥammad b. Bakr > Abū Dāwud > Musaddad And Naṣar b. ʿAlī > Bishr b. al-Mufaḍḍal al-Maʿnī > Khālid al-Ḥadhhāʾ > Abū Qilābah > Abū al-Malīḥ > Nushaybah

A man called the Messenger of Allah ﷺ: We used to sacrifice Atirah in pre-Islamic days during Rajab; so what do you command us? He said: Sacrifice for the sake of Allah in any month whatever; obey Allah, Most High, and feed(the people). He said: We used to sacrifice a Fara' in pre-Islamic days, so what do you command us? He said: On every pasturing animal there is a Fara' which is fed by your cattle till it becomes strong and capable of carrying load. The narrator Nasr said (in his version): When it becomes capable of carrying load of the pilgrims, you may slaughter it and give its meat as charity (sadaqah). The narrator Khalid's version says: You (may give it) to the travellers, for it is better. Khalid said: I asked AbuQilabah: How many pasturing animals? He replied: One hundred. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2830)   

البيهقي:١٩٣٣٩أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا مُسَدَّدٌ وَنَصَرُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ بِشْرِ بْنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ الْمَعْنِيِّ ثنا خَالِدٌ الْحَذَّاءُ عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ عَنْ أَبِي الْمَلِيحِ قَالَ قَالَ نُبَيْشَةُ

نَادَى رَجُلٌ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ إِنَّا كُنَّا نَعْتِرُ عَتِيرَةً فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فِي رَجَبٍ فَمَا تَأْمُرُنَا؟ قَالَ اذْبَحُوا لِلَّهِ فِي أِيِّ شَهْرٍ كَانَ وَبِرُّوا لِلَّهِ وَأَطْعِمُوا قَالَ إِنَّا كُنَّا نُفَرِّعُ فَرَعًا فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَمَا تَأْمُرُنَا؟ قَالَ فِي كُلِّ سَائِمَةٍ فَرَعٌ تَغْذُوهُ مَاشِيَتُكَ حَتَّى إِذَا اسْتَجْمَلَ ذَبَحْتَهُ فَتَصَدَّقْتَ بِلَحْمِهِ قَالَ خَالِدٌ أَحْسَبُهُ قَالَ عَلَى ابْنِ السَّبِيلِ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ خَيْرٌ قَالَ خَالِدٌ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي قِلَابَةَ كَمِ السَّائِمَةُ؟ قَالَ مِائَةٌ كَذَا قَالَهُ أَبُو قِلَابَةَ  

bayhaqi:19340Abū Muḥammad ʿAbdullāh b. Yaḥyá b. ʿAbd al-Jabbār al-Sukkarī > Ismāʿīl b. Muḥammad al-Ṣaffār > Aḥmad b. Manṣūr al-Ramādī > ʿAbd al-Razzāq > Ibn Jurayj > Ibn Khuthaym > Yūsuf b. Māhak > Ḥafṣah b. ʿAbd al-Raḥman > ʿĀʾishah

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered the distribution of one sheep for every fifty, as mentioned in my book and in the narration of Hajjaj ibn Muhammad and others, according to Ibn Jurayj, one sheep for every five. Hammad ibn Salama narrated it from Abdullah bin Uthman bin Khuthaym, and he said, "One sheep for every fifty."  

البيهقي:١٩٣٤٠وَقَدْ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ السُّكَّرِيُّ بِبَغْدَادَ أنبأ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّفَّارُ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ الرَّمَادِيُّ ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ أنبأ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ عَنِ ابْنِ خُثَيْمٍ عَنْ يُوسُفَ بْنِ مَاهَكَ عَنْ حَفْصَةَ بِنْتِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ قَالَتْ

أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِالْفَرَعَةِ مِنْ كُلِّ خَمْسِينَ وَاحِدَةٌ كَذَا فِي كِتَابِي وَفِي رِوَايَةِ حَجَّاجِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَغَيْرِهِ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ فِي كُلِّ خَمْسٍ وَاحِدَةٌ وَرَوَاهُ حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ خُثَيْمٍ وَقَالَ مِنْ كُلِّ خَمْسِينَ شَاةً شَاةٌ  

bayhaqi:19341Abū ʿAlī al-Rūdhbārī Nbā Muḥammad b. Bakr > Abū Dāwud > al-Qaʿnabī > Dāwud b. Qays > ʿAmr b. Shuʿayb

On his father's authority, said that his grandfather that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was asked about the aqiqah. He replied: Allah does not like the breaking of ties (uquq), as though he disliked the name. And he said: If anyone has a child born to him and wishes to offer a sacrifice on its behalf, he may offer two resembling sheep for a boy and one for a girl. And he was asked about fara'. He replied: Fara' is right. If you leave it (i.e. let it grow till it becomes a healthy camel of one year or two years, then you give it to a widow or give it in the path of Allah for using it as a riding beast, it is better than slaughtering it at the age when its meat is stuck to its hair, and you turn over your milking vessel and annoy your she-camel. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2842)   

البيهقي:١٩٣٤١أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أنبا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا الْقَعْنَبِيُّ ثنا دَاوُدُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ ح قَالَ وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ الْأَنْبَارِيُّ ثنا عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو وَعَنْ دَاوُدَ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أُرَاهُ عَنْ جَدِّهِ قَالَ سُئِلَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَنِ الْعَقِيقَةِ فَذَكَرَهُ وَقَالَ وَسُئِلَ عَنِ الْفَرَعِ قَالَ وَالْفَرَعُ حَقٌّ وَأَنْ تَتْرُكُوهُ حَتَّى يَكُونَ بَكْرًا شَعُوبًا ابْنَ مَخَاضٍ أَوِ ابْنَ لَبُونٍ فَتُعْطِيَهُ أَرْمَلَةً أَوْ تَحْمِلَ عَلَيْهِ أَوْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَنْ تَذْبَحَهُ فَيَلْزَقَ لَحْمُهُ بِوَبَرِهِ تَكْفَأَ إِنَاءَكَ وَتُوَلِّهَ نَاقَتَكَ  

bayhaqi:19342Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ > Abū al-ʿAbbās Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb > Aḥmad b. Shaybān > Sufyān > Zayd b. Aslam > a man > Abīh or ʿAmmih

[Machine] I witnessed the Prophet ﷺ in Arafah and he was asked about sacrificing an animal (aqeeqah). He said, "I dislike disobedience (to parents). Whoever has a child and wishes to sacrifice (an animal) on his behalf, let him do so." He was asked about sacrificing a castrated animal (al-‘ateerah). He said, "It is permissible." He was asked about dividing meat (al-fara'). He said, "It is permissible, but it is not done by slaughtering one sheep on top of another. Rather, it is done by feeding the younger one of the two (sheep), until it reaches the age of biloonee or mukhadh, meaning that you slaughter it." This is better than being extravagant with your utensil and giving it to your camel and slaughtering it, so that its meat gets mixed with its hair. This hadith was narrated by 'Abdul-Jabbar ibn al-'Ala from Sufyan, who said in the narration: "And leaving it under its mother until it becomes a biloonee or mukhadh."  

البيهقي:١٩٣٤٢أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ شَيْبَانَ ثنا سُفْيَانُ ثنا زَيْدُ بْنُ أَسْلَمَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَوْ عَمِّهِ قَالَ

شَهِدْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ بِعَرَفَةَ وَسُئِلَ عَنِ الْعَقِيقَةِ فَقَالَ لَا أُحِبُّ الْعُقُوقَ وَمَنْ وُلِدَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ وَأَحَبَّ أَنْ يَنْسُكَ عَنْهُ فَلْيَنْسُكْ وَسُئِلَ عَنِ الْعَتِيرَةِ فَقَالَ حَقٌّ وَسُئِلَ عَنِ الْفَرَعِ فَقَالَ حَقٌّ وَلَيْسَ هُوَ أَنْ تَذْبَحَهُ عُرَاةً مِنْ عُرَاةٍ وَلَكِنْ تُمَكِّنُهُ مِنْ مَالِكَ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ ابْنَ لَبُونٍ أَوِ ابْنَ مَخَاضٍ زُخْرُبًّا يَعْنِي ذَبَحْتَهُ وَذَلِكَ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَنْ تَكْفَأَ إِنَاءَكَ وَتُوَلِّهَ نَاقَتَكَ وَتَذْبَحَهُ يَخْتَلِطُ لَحْمُهُ بِشَعَرِهِ وَرَوَاهُ عَبْدُ الْجَبَّارِ بْنُ الْعَلَاءِ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ فَقَالَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ وَأَنْ تَتْرُكَهُ تَحْتَ أُمِّهِ حَتَّى يَكُونَ ابْنَ لَبُونٍ أَوِ ابْنَ مَخَاضٍ  

bayhaqi:19343Abū al-Ḥasan ʿAlī b. Aḥmad b. ʿAbdān > Aḥmad b. ʿUbayd al-Ṣaffār > Muḥammad b. ʿĪsá b. Abū Qumāsh > Abū Maʿmar ʿAbdullāh b. ʿAmr > ʿAbd al-Wārith b. Saʿīd > ʿUtbah b. ʿAbd al-Malik al-Sahmī > Zurārah b. Karīm b. al-Ḥārith > al-Ḥārith b. ʿAmr

[Machine] He said, "I came to the Prophet ﷺ in Arafat or Mina and the people had already circled it (the Kaaba). So he mentioned the Hadith in which a man asked him about 'Atirah (a type of hairstyle). The Prophet ﷺ replied, 'Whoever wishes can 'atir (perform it), and whoever wishes may not 'atir. Whoever wishes can make a frra' (a certain type of braid), and whoever wishes may not frra'. Then he mentioned about the sacrifice of sheep and described it to us while pointing with one finger of his hand."  

البيهقي:١٩٣٤٣أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى بْنِ أَبِي قُمَاشٍ ثنا أَبُو مَعْمَرٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَمْرٍو عَنْ عَبْدِ الْوَارِثِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ السَّهْمِيِّ ثنا زُرَارَةُ بْنُ كَرِيمِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ أَنَّ الْحَارِثَ بْنَ عَمْرٍو حَدَّثَهُ

قَالَ أَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ بِعَرَفَاتٍ أَوْ قَالَ بِمِنًى وَقَدْ أَطَافَ بِهِ النَّاسُ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ قَالَ فِيهِ وَسَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ عَنِ الْعَتِيرَةِ فَقَالَ مَنْ شَاءَ عَتَرَ وَمَنْ شَاءَ لَمْ يَعْتِرْ وَمَنْ شَاءَ فَرَّعَ وَمَنْ شَاءَ لَمْ يُفَرِّعْ وَقَالَ فِي الْغَنَمِ أُضْحِيَّتُهَا وَوَصَفَ لَنَا أَبُو مَعْمَرٍ وَأَشَارَ بِالسَّبَّابَةِ وَاحِدَةً  

bayhaqi:19344Abū al-Ḥasan b. ʿAbdān > Aḥmad b. ʿUbayd al-Ṣaffār > Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad b. ʿAbdullāh b. Mihrān al-Daynūrī > Khalaf b. Hishām > Abū ʿAwānah > Yaʿlá b. ʿAṭāʾ > Wakīʿ b. ʿUdus > ʿAmmī Abū Razīn

[Machine] He said: O Messenger of Allah, we used to slaughter sacrifices in the time of ignorance and we would eat from them and feed whoever came to us. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: There is no harm in that. Waki' said: I never abandoned it. Another narrated it from Abu Awanah and he said: We used to slaughter in the month of Rajab.  

البيهقي:١٩٣٤٤أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ بْنُ عَبْدَانَ أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الصَّفَّارُ ثنا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ الدَّيْنُورِيُّ ثنا خَلَفُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ ثنا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ عَنْ يَعْلَى بْنِ عَطَاءٍ عَنْ وَكِيعِ بْنِ عُدُسٍ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي عَمِّي أَبُو رَزِينٍ

أَنَّهُ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّا كُنَّا نَذْبَحُ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ ذَبَائِحَ فَنَأْكُلُ مِنْهَا وَنُطْعِمُ مَنْ جَاءَنَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ قَالَ وَكِيعٌ لَا أَدَعُهَا أَبَدًا وَرَوَاهُ غَيْرُهُ عَنْ أَبِي عَوَانَةَ فَقَالَ ذَبَحْنَا فِي رَجَبٍ  

bayhaqi:19345ʿAlī b. Aḥmad b. ʿAbdān > Aḥmad b. ʿUbayd > al-Ḥārith b. Abū Usāmah > Rawḥ > Ibn ʿAwn > Abū Ramlah > Mikhnaf b. Sulaym al-Ghāmidī

"We were standing with the Prophet ﷺ at 'Arafat when I heard him say: 'O you people! For every household each year is Udhiyah (sacrifice) and 'Atirah. Do you know what an 'Atirah is ? It is that which you call Ar-Rajabiyyah.'" (Using translation from Tirmidhī 1518)   

البيهقي:١٩٣٤٥أَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ ثنا الْحَارِثُ بْنُ أَبِي أُسَامَةَ ثنا رَوْحٌ ثنا ابْنُ عَوْنٍ ثنا أَبُو رَمْلَةَ عَنْ مِخْنَفِ بْنِ سُلَيْمٍ الْغَامِدِيِّ قَالَ

كُنَّا وُقُوفًا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِعَرَفَاتٍ فَسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ عَلَى كُلِّ أَهْلِ بَيْتٍ فِي كُلِّ عَامٍ أُضْحِيَّةٌ وَعَتِيرَةٌ هَلْ تَدْرِي مَا الْعَتِيرَةُ؟ هِيَ الَّتِي تُسَمَّى الرَّجَبِيَّةَ  

bayhaqi:19346Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ > Abū ʿAbdullāh b. Yaʿqūb > Jaʿfar b. Muḥammad > Yaḥyá b. Yaḥyá > Sufyān b. ʿUyaynah > al-Zuhrī > Saʿīd > Abū Hurayrah

[Machine] On the authority of the Prophet, ﷺ , he said: "There is no division or mutual cursing."  

البيهقي:١٩٣٤٦أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أنبأ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى أنبأ سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ لَا فَرَعَةَ وَلَا عَتِيرَةَ  

رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ وَرَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ يَحْيَى
bayhaqi:19347Abū ʿAmr Muḥammad b. ʿAbdullāh al-Adīb > Abū Bakr al-Ismāʿīlī > al-Ḥasan > Ibn Sufyān > Ḥabbān > ʿAbdullāh > Maʿmar > al-Zuhrī > Saʿīd > Abū Hurayrah ؓ

[Machine] Narrated by the Prophet Muhammad, he said, "There is neither 'Fara' nor 'Atirah'. And 'Fara' is the first produce that was brought forth for them, which they used to sacrifice for their idols, and 'Atirah' was practiced in the month of Rajab."  

[Machine] Al-Bukhārī narrated it in *al-Ṣaḥīḥ* from ʿAbdān, from ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Mubārak. 19348. The jurist Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm ibn Muḥammad al-Armawī—may Allah have mercy on him—informed us: Shāfiʿ ibn Muḥammad ibn Abī ʿAwānah informed us: Abū Jaʿfar al-Ṭaḥāwī informed us: al-Muzanī related to us: al-Shāfiʿī related to us. I heard him say: “It was something the people of the pre-Islamic era used to seek blessing through in their wealth. One of them would slaughter the firstborn of his she-camel or his sheep, and would not raise it, hoping for blessing in what would come afterward. So they asked the Prophet ﷺ about it, and he said: ‘Perform *fara* if you wish’—meaning, slaughter if you wish. They used to ask him about what they had been doing in the pre-Islamic era, fearing that it might be disliked in Islam, so he informed them that there was nothing disliked upon them in that, and he instructed them—by way of preference—to raise it and then use it (as a mount/provision) in the path of Allah.” Al-Shāfiʿī—may Allah have mercy on him—said: “Someone who heard Zayd ibn Aslam told me, from a man of Banū Ḍamrah, from his father, that the Prophet ﷺ was asked about *al-farʿa*, and he said: ‘The *farʿa* is true, and to raise it until it becomes a sturdy young camel (an *ibn labūn*), then give it to a widow or use it in the path of Allah, is better than tipping over your vessel, making your she-camel bereft, and eating it while its meat clings to its hair.’” Al-Shāfiʿī—may Allah have mercy on him—said: “His saying, ‘The *farʿa* is true,’ means that it is not invalid; rather, it is an Arabic expression given as an answer to the questioner. And it has also been narrated from him— ﷺ —‘There is no *farʿah* and no *ʿatīrah*.’ This is not a contradiction in narration; rather, it means: there is no obligatory *farʿah* and no obligatory *ʿatīrah*. And the other hadith indicates this meaning: that he permitted him to slaughter, but preferred for him that he give it to a widow or use it in the path of Allah. “And *al-ʿAtīrah* is the *rajabiyyah*: a sacrificial animal the people of the pre-Islamic era used to seek blessing through in Rajab. So the Prophet ﷺ said, ‘No *ʿAtīrah*,’ meaning: no binding/required *ʿAtīrah*. And his saying— ﷺ —when he was asked about *ʿAtīrah* carries the meaning: slaughter for Allah in whatever month it may be; that is, slaughter if you wish, and make the slaughter for Allah, not for other than Him, in whatever month it may be—not that it is in Rajab to the exclusion of the other months.” 19349. Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Sulamī informed us: Abū al-Ḥasan al-Kārizī informed us: ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz related to us. He said: Abū ʿUbayd said: “*Al-fara* is the first offspring that a she-camel produces. They used to slaughter it when it was born, and he disapproved of that and said: ‘Leave it until it becomes an *ibn makhāḍ* or an *ibn labūn*, so that it will develop some taste.’ And *al-zukhrubb* is that whose body has become thick and whose flesh has become firm. And his saying, ‘better than tipping over your vessel,’ means: if you slaughter it when its mother gives birth to it, the mother remains without a young one to suckle, and therefore her milk is cut off; so if you do that, it is as though you have overturned your vessel and spilled it. And his saying, ‘make your she-camel bereft,’ refers to slaughtering her young; and every female that loses her young is *wālih* (bereft/grieving).
البيهقي:١٩٣٤٧أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَمْرٍو مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْأَدِيبُ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْإِسْمَاعِيلِيُّ أَخْبَرَنِي الْحَسَنُ هُوَ ابْنُ سُفْيَانَ ثنا حَبَّانُ أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ حَدَّثَنِي الزُّهْرِيُّ عَنْ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ لَا فَرَعَ وَلَا عَتِيرَةَ قَالَ وَالْفَرَعُ أَوَّلُ نِتَاجٍ كَانَ يُنْتَجُ لَهُمْ كَانُوا يَذْبَحُونَهُ لِطَوَاغِيتِهِمْ وَالْعَتِيرَةُ فِي رَجَبٍ  

رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ عَبْدَانَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ 19348 أَخْبَرَنَا الْفَقِيهُ أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَرْمَوِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ أنبأ شَافِعُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عَوَانَةَ أنبأ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الطَّحَاوِيُّ ثنا الْمُزَنِيُّ ثنا الشَّافِعِيُّ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ هُوَ شَيْءٌ كَانَ أَهْلُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ يَطْلُبُونَ بِهِ الْبَرَكَةَ فِي أَمْوَالِهِمْ فَكَانَ أَحَدُهُمْ يَذْبَحُ بِكْرَ نَاقَتِهِ أَوْ شَاتِهِ فَلَا يَغْذُوهُ رَجَاءَ الْبَرَكَةِ فِيمَا يَأْتِي بَعْدَهُ فَسَأَلُوا النَّبِيَّ ﷺ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ فَرِّعُوْا إِنْ شِتْئَمْ أَيِ اذْبَحُوا إِنْ شِئْتُمْ وَكَانُوا يَسْأَلُونَهُ عَمَّا كَانُوا يَصْنَعُونَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ خَوْفًا أَنْ يُكْرَهَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ فَأَعْلَمَهُمْ أَنَّهُ لَا مَكْرُوهَ عَلَيْهِمْ فِيهِ وَأَمَرَهُمُ اخْتِيَارًا أَنْ يَغْذُوهُ ثُمَّ يَحْمِلُوا عَلَيْهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ أَخْبَرَنِي مَنْ سَمِعَ زَيْدَ بْنَ أَسْلَمَ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِي ضَمْرَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ سُئِلَ عَنِ الْفَرَعَةِ فَقَالَ الْفَرَعَةُ حَقٌّ وَأَنْ تَغْذُوهُ حَتَّى يَكُونَ ابْنَ لَبُونٍ زُخْرُبًّا فَتُعْطِيَهُ أَرْمَلَةً أَوْ تَحْمِلَ عَلَيْهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَنْ تَكْفَأَ إِنَاءَكَ وَتُوَلِّهَ نَاقَتَكَ وَتَأْكُلَهُ يَلْصَقُ لَحْمُهُ بِوَبَرِهِ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ قَوْلُهُ الْفَرَعَةُ حَقٌّ مَعْنَاهُ أَنَّهَا لَيْسَتْ بِبَاطِلٍ وَلَكِنَّهُ كَلَامٌ عَرَبِيٌّ يَخْرُجُ عَلَى جَوَابِ السَّائِلِ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْهُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ لَا فَرَعَةَ وَلَا عَتِيرَةَ وَلَيْسَ هَذَا بِاخْتِلَافٍ مِنَ الرِّوَايَةِ إِنَّمَا هَذَا لَا فَرَعَةَ وَاجِبَةٌ وَلَا عَتِيرَةَ وَاجِبَةٌ وَالْحَدِيثُ الْآخَرُ يَدُلُّ عَلَى مَعْنَى ذَا أَنَّهُ أَبَاحَ لَهُ الذَّبْحَ وَاخْتَارَ لَهُ أَنْ يُعْطِيَهُ أَرْمَلَةً أَوْ يَحْمِلَ عَلَيْهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ وَالْعَتِيرَةُ هِيَ الرَّجَبِيَّةُ وَهِيَ ذَبِيحَةٌ كَانَ أَهْلُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ يَتَبَرَّرُونَ بِهَا فِي رَجَبٍ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لَا عَتِيرَةَ عَلَى مَعْنَى لَا عَتِيرَةَ لَازِمَةٌ وَقَوْلُهُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ حَيْثُ سُئِلَ عَنِ الْعَتِيرَةِ عَلَى مَعْنَى اذْبَحُوا لِلَّهِ فِي أِيِّ شَهْرٍ مَا كَانَ أَيِ اذْبَحُوا إِنْ شِئْتُمْ وَاجْعَلُوا الذَّبْحَ لِلَّهِ لَا لِغَيْرِهِ فِي أِيِّ شَهْرٍ مَا كَانَ لَا أَنَّهَا فِي رَجَبٍ دُونَ مَا سِوَاهُ مِنَ الشُّهُورِ 19349 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السُّلَمِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الْكَارِزِيُّ ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ الْفَرَعُ أَوَّلُ شَيْءٍ تُنْتِجُهُ النَّاقَةُ كَانُوا يَذْبَحُونَهُ حِينَ يُولَدُ فَكَرِهَ ذَلِكَ وَقَالَ دَعُوهُ حَتَّى يَكُونَ ابْنَ مَخَاضٍ أَوِ ابْنَ لَبُونٍ فَيَصِيرَ لَهُ طَعْمٌ وَالزُّخْرُبُّ هُوَ الَّذِي قَدْ غَلُظَ جِسْمُهُ وَاشْتَدَّ لَحْمُهُ وَقَوْلُهُ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَنْ تَكْفَأَ إِنَاءَكَ يَقُولُ إِذَا ذَبَحْتَهُ حِينَ تَضَعُهُ أُمُّهُ بَقِيَتِ الْأُمُّ بِلَا وَلَدٍ تُرْضِعُهُ فَانْقَطَعَ لِذَلِكَ لَبَنُهَا يَقُولُ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتَ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ كَفَأْتَ إِنَاءَكَ وَهَرَقْتَهُ وَقَوْلُهُ تُوَلِّهَ نَاقَتَكَ فَهُوَ ذَبْحُهُ وَلَدَهَا وَكُلُّ أُنْثَى فَقَدَتْ وَلَدَهَا فَهِيَ وَالِهٌ