61. Sacrificial Animals
٦١۔ كِتَابُ الضَّحَايَا
I came to Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! We are living in the land of the people of the Scripture and we take our meals in their utensils, and in the land there is game and I hunt with my bow and trained or untrained hounds; please tell me what is lawful for us of that." He said, "As for your saying that you are living in the land of the people of the Scripture and that you eat in their utensils, if you can get utensils other than theirs, do not eat in their utensils, but if you do not find (other than theirs), then wash their utensils and eat in them. As for your saying that you are in the land of game, if you hung something with your bow, and have mentioned Allah's Name while hunting, then you can eat (the game). And if you hunt something with your trained hound, and have mentioned Allah's Name on sending it for hunting then you can eat (the game). But if you hunt something with your untrained hound and you were able to slaughter it before its death, you can eat of it." (Using translation from Bukhārī 5488)
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا ثَعْلَبَةَ الْخُشَنِيَّ ؓ يَقُولُ أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّا بِأَرْضِ قَوْمٍ أَهْلِ كِتَابٍ نَأْكُلُ فِي آنِيَتِهِمْ وَأَرْضِ صَيْدٍ أَصِيدُ بِقَوْسِي وَأَصِيدُ بِكَلْبِي الْمُعَلَّمِ وَبِكَلْبِي الَّذِي لَيْسَ بِمُعَلَّمٍ أَخْبِرْنِي مَا الَّذِي يَحِلُّ لَنَا مِنْ ذَلِكَ؟ قَالَ أَمَّا مَا ذَكَرْتَ أَنَّكُمْ بِأَرْضِ قَوْمٍ أَهْلِ كِتَابٍ تَأْكُلُونَ فِي آنِيَتِهِمْ فَإِنْ وَجَدْتُمْ غَيْرَ آنِيَتِهِمْ فَلَا تَأْكُلُوا فِيهَا وَإِنْ لَمْ تَجِدُوا فَاغْسِلُوهَا ثُمَّ كُلُوا وَأَمَّا مَا ذَكَرْتَ أَنَّكَ بِأَرْضِ صَيْدٍ فَمَا أَصَبْتَ بِقَوْسِكَ فَاذْكُرِ اسْمَ اللهِ ثُمَّ كُلْ وَمَا اصْطَدْتَ بِكَلْبِكَ الْمُعَلَّمِ فَاذْكُرِ اسْمَ اللهِ ثُمَّ كُلْ وَمَا اصْطَدْتَ بِكَلْبِكَ الَّذِي لَيْسَ بِمُعَلَّمٍ فَأَدْرَكْتَ ذَكَاتَهُ فَكُلْ
[Machine] I came to the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) and said, "O Messenger of Allah, I shoot with my bow and sometimes I hit an animal and sometimes I miss. What is permissible for me to eat and what is forbidden?" We are in the land of the People of the Book and they eat pork in their dishes and drink wine in them. So can we eat and drink from them?" He said, "As long as you recite the name of Allah and your arrow reached its target, then eat. But if you find dishes of the People of the Book empty, do not eat from them. And if you do not find them empty, then wash them with water thoroughly and then eat from them. And in this, there is evidence that the requirement for washing is only when knowledge of its impurity is known. And Allah knows best."
أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ أَيْ رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنِّي أَرْمِي بِقَوْسِي فَمِنْهُ مَا أُدْرِكُ ذَكَاتَهُ وَمِنْهُ مَا لَا أُدْرِكُ فَمَاذَا يَحِلُّ لِي وَمَا يَحْرُمُ عَلَيَّ؟ إِنَّا فِي أَرْضِ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ وَهُمْ يَأْكُلُونَ فِي آنِيَتِهِمُ الْخِنْزِيرَ وَيَشْرَبُونَ فِيهَا الْخَمْرَ فَنَأْكُلُ فِيهَا وَنَشْرَبُ؟ قَالَ كُلْ مَا رَدَّ عَلَيْكَ قَوْسُكَ وَذَكَرْتَ اسْمَ اللهِ فَكُلْ وَإِنْ وَجَدْتَ عَنْ آنِيَةِ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ غِنًى فَلَا تَأْكُلْ وَإِنْ لَمْ تَجِدْ عَنْهَا غِنًى فَارْحَضُوهَا بِالْمَاءِ رَحْضًا شَدِيدًا ثُمَّ كُلُوا فِيهَا وَفِي هَذَا دَلَالَةٌ عَلَى أَنَّ الْأَمْرَ بِالْغَسْلِ إِنَّمَا وَقَعَ عِنْدَ الْعِلْمِ بِنَجَاسَتِهَا وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ
I was on an expedition along with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. We got the vessels and skins of the polytheists and used them. But he did not object to them (i.e. us) for that (action). (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3838)
كُنَّا نَغْزُو مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَنُصِيبُ مِنْ آنِيَةِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَأَسْقِيَتِهِمْ فَنَسْتَمْتِعُ بِهَا وَلَا نَعِيبُ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ
[Machine] We used to raid and eat from the vessels of the polytheists and drink from their containers. Al-Shafi'i narrated from Harmala that she gave a Jewess a stolen sheep that she had branded on her arm, and the Prophet ﷺ ate from it, as did others. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The meal that I ate from the sheep has been recurring to me until now, and this is the moment when it cut my jugular vein."
كُنَّا نَغْزُو فَنَأْكُلُ فِي أَوْعِيَةِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَنَشْرَبُ فِي أَسْقِيَتِهِمْ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ فِي رِوَايَةِ حَرْمَلَةَ أَهْدَتْ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ يَهُودِيَّةٌ شَاةً مَحْنُوذَةً سَمَّتْهَا فِي ذِرَاعِهَا فَأَكَلَ مِنْهَا هُوَ يَعْنِي وَغَيْرُهُ وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَا زَالَتِ الْأَكْلَةُ الَّتِي أَكَلْتُ مِنَ الشَّاةِ تُعَاوِدُنِي حَتَّى كَانَ هَذَا أَوَانَ قَطَعَتْ أَبْهَرِي
A Jewess brought a poisoned sheep to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and he ate of it. She was then brought to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ who asked her about it. She said: I intended to kill you. He said: Allah will not give you control over it ; or he said : over me. They (the Companions) said: Should we not kill her ? He said: No. He (Anas) said: I always found it in the uvula of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4508)
أَنَّ امْرَأَةً يَهُودِيَّةً أَتَتْ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بِشَاةٍ مَسْمُومَةٍ فَأَكَلَ مِنْهَا فَجِيءَ بِهَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَسَأَلَهَا عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَتْ أَرَدْتُ لِأَقْتُلَكَ قَالَ مَا كَانَ اللهُ لِيُسَلِّطَكِ عَلَى ذَلِكَ أَوْ قَالَ عَلَيَّ قَالَ فَقَالُوا أَلَا نَقْتُلُهَا قَالَ لَا قَالَ فَمَا زِلْتُ أَعْرِفُهَا فِي لَهَوَاتِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ
[Machine] Aisha said: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to say during the illness in which he passed away, 'Oh Aisha, I feel the pain of the food that I ate in Khaibar. This is the time when the aorta from that poison is being cut off.'"
كَانَتْ عَائِشَةُ ؓ تَقُولُ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ فِي مَرَضِهِ الَّذِي تُوُفِّيَ فِيهِ يَا عَائِشَةُ إِنِّي أَجِدُ أَلَمَ الطَّعَامِ الَّذِي أَكَلْتُ بِخَيْبَرَ فَهَذَا أَوَانُ انْقِطَاعِ أَبْهَرِي مِنْ ذَلِكَ السُّمِّ