[Machine] That the Prophet ﷺ sent a man to Najran who complained, so he said: "I will send a trustworthy man to you, a true trustworthy person." So the companions of the Prophet ﷺ regarded Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah for this task.  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ بَعَثَ رَجُلًا عَلَى نَجْرَانَ فَشَكَوْهُ فَقَالَ لَأَبْعَثَنَّ عَلَيْكُمْ رَجُلًا أَمِينًا حَقَّ أَمِينٍ فَاسْتَشْرَفَ لَهَا أَصْحَابُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَبَعَثَ أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ بْنَ الْجَرَّاحِ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ sent him and Mu'adh to Yemen. He said to them, "Make things easy and do not make them difficult, give glad tidings and do not cause aversion, cooperate with one another and do not differ." He said, "Each of them had a walking stick, and each one would visit his companion with it."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ بَعَثَهُ وَمُعَاذًا إِلَى الْيَمَنِ فَقَالَ يَسِّرَا وَلَا تُعَسِّرَا وَبَشِّرَا وَلَا تُنَفِّرَا وَتَطَاوَعَا وَلَا تَخْتَلِفَا قَالَ وَكَانَ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا فُسْطَاطٌ يَزُورُ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا صَاحِبَهُ فِيهِ  

[Machine] When the Prophet ﷺ sent him to Yemen, the Prophet ﷺ went out with him, advising him with advice, and Mu'adh rode a mount and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ walked under his mount. When they finished, the Prophet ﷺ said, "O Mu'adh, it may be that you will not meet me after this year, and perhaps you will pass by my mosque and my grave." The Sheikh said, "And this is in his second mission."  

أَنَّهُ لَمَّا بَعَثَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِلَى الْيَمَنِ خَرَجَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مَعَهُ يُوصِيهِ بِوَصِيَّةٍ وَمُعَاذٌ رَاكِبٌ وَرَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَمْشِي تَحْتَ رَاحِلَتِهِ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ قَالَ يَا مُعَاذُ أَنْتَ عَسَى أَنْ لَا تَلْقَانِيَ بَعْدَ عَامِي هَذَا وَلَعَلَّكَ أَنْ تَمُرَّ بِمَسْجِدِي وَقَبْرِي قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَهَذَا فِي بَعْثَتِهِ الثَّانِيَةِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , sent Umar ibn Al-Khattab to give charity.  

بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ sent me as a judge to Yemen, so I said, "O Messenger of Allah, I am still young and you are sending me to a people with crooked teeth." He then made supplication for me and said, "When the two disputants come to you, listen to one of them and do not make a judgment until you have heard from the other, for it will be more fair for you." He said, "After that, I did not face any differing rulings."  

بَعَثَنِي النَّبِيُّ ﷺ قَاضِيًا يَعْنِي إِلَى الْيَمَنِ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنِّي شَابٌّ وَتَبْعَثُنِي إِلَى أَقْوَامٍ ذَوِي أَسْنَانٍ قَالَ فَدَعَا لِي بِدَعَوَاتٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِذَا أَتَاكَ الْخَصْمَانِ فَسَمِعْتَ مِنْ أَحَدِهِمَا فَلَا تَقْضِيَنَّ حَتَّى تَسْمَعَ مِنَ الْآخَرِ فَإِنَّهُ أَثْبَتُ لَكَ قَالَ فَمَا اخْتَلَفَ عَلَيَّ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ الْقَضَاءُ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent me to Yemen, so I said, "O Messenger of Allah, will you send me while I am young and inexperienced, with no knowledge of legal judgments?" He replied, "Go forth, for Allah will guide your heart and keep your tongue firm." So I did not doubt in any legal judgment between two men.  

بَعَثَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى الْيَمَنِ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ تَبْعَثُنِي وَأَنَا حَدِيثُ السِّنِّ لَا عِلْمَ لِي بِالْقَضَاءِ؟ قَالَ انْطَلِقْ فَإِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ سَيَهْدِي قَلْبَكَ وَيُثَبِّتُ لِسَانَكَ قَالَ فَمَا شَكَكْتُ فِي قَضَاءٍ بَيْنَ رَجُلَيْنِ  

I heard Abul-Bakhtari At-Taʿi say: Someone who heard ‘Ali ؓ told me that he said: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent me to Yemen, I said: Are you sending me when I am young and I do not know much about judging? The Messenger of Allah ﷺ struck my chest and said: Go, for Allah, may He be glorified and exalted, will make your tongue steadfast and guide your heart.ʿ He said: I never found it difficult to judge between two people. (Using translation from Aḥmad 1145)   

سَمِعَ عَلِيًّا ؓ يَقُولُ لَمَّا بَعَثَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى الْيَمَنِ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ تَبْعَثُنِي وَأَنَا رَجُلٌ حَدِيثُ السِّنِّ لَا عَلِمَ لِي بِكَثِيرٍ مِنَ الْقَضَاءِ؟ قَالَ فَضَرَبَ يَدَهُ فِي صَدْرِي وَقَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ سَيُثَبِّتُ لِسَانَكَ وَيَهْدِي قَلْبَكَ فَمَا أَعْيَانِي قَضَاءٌ بَيْنَ اثْنَيْنِ  

[Machine] Abu Bakr was appointed as the ruler, Umar was appointed as the judge, Abu Ubaydah was appointed as the treasurer, and he said, "Assist me." So Umar stayed for a year where no two people came to him or a dispute between two individuals was settled.  

وُلِّيَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَلَّى عُمَرَ ؓ الْقَضَاءَ وَوَلَّى أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ ؓ الْمَالَ وَقَالَ أَعَينُونِي فَمَكَثَ عُمَرُ سَنَةً لَا يَأْتِيهِ اثْنَانِ أَوْ لَا يَقْضِي بَيْنَ اثْنَيْنِ  

[Machine] He heard Abu Wa'il saying that Umar utilized Abdullah bin Mas'ood for the judiciary and the treasury  

أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا وَائِلٍ يَقُولُ إِنَّ عُمَرَ ؓ اسْتَعْمَلَ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ مَسْعُودٍ ؓ عَلَى الْقَضَاءِ وَبَيْتِ الْمَالِ  

[Machine] Umar ibn al-Khattab sent Ibn Sura to govern Basra, and he sent Shuraikh to govern Kufa.  

أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ بَعَثَ ابْنَ سُورٍ عَلَى قَضَاءِ الْبَصْرَةِ وَبَعَثَ شُرَيْحًا عَلَى قَضَاءِ الْكُوفَةِ  

[Machine] "That when Abu Dhar Al-Ghifari saw his death approaching and he was staying among the people of Damascus, Muawiyah asked him, 'Who do you see fit for this position?' He replied, 'Fudalah ibn Ubayd.'"  

أَنَّ أَبَا الدَّرْدَاءِ ؓ لَمَّا حَضَرَتْهُ الْوَفَاةُ وَكَانَ يَقْضِي بَيْنَ أَهْلِ دِمَشْقَ قَالَ لَهُ مُعَاوِيَةُ مَنْ تَرَى لِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ؟ قَالَ فَضَالَةُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ  

"Seven shall be shaded by Allah under his shade on a day in which there is no shade except His Shade: A just Imam, a young person raised upon worshiping Allah, a man whose heart is attached to the Masjid when he leaves from it until he returns from it, two men who love each other for Allah's sake, coming together upon that, and parting upon that, a man who remembers Allah in privacy and his eyes swell with tears, a man invited by a woman of status and beauty, but he says: 'I fear Allah, Mighty and Sublime is He,' and a man who conceals the charity he gives such that his left hand does not know what his right hand has spent." (Using translation from Tirmidhī 2391)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سَبْعَةٌ يُظِلُّهُمُ اللهُ فِي ظِلِّهِ يَوْمَ لَا ظِلَّ إِلَّا ظِلُّهُ إِمَامٌ عَادِلٌ وَشَابٌّ نَشَأَ بِعِبَادَةِ اللهِ وَرَجُلٌ قَلْبُهُ مُعَلَّقٌ بِالْمَسْجِدِ إِذَا خَرَجَ مِنْهُ حَتَّى يَعُودَ إِلَيْهِ وَرَجُلَانِ تَحَابَّا فِي اللهِ فَاجْتَمَعَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَتَفَرَّقَا وَرَجُلٌ ذَكَرَ اللهَ خَالِيًا فَفَاضَتْ عَيْنَاهُ وَرَجُلٌ دَعَتْهُ ذَاتُ حَسَبٍ وَجَمَالٍ فَقَالَ إِنِّي أَخَافُ اللهَ وَرَجُلٌ تَصَدَّقَ بِصَدَقَةٍ فَأَخْفَاهَا حَتَّى لَا تَعْلَمَ شِمَالُهُ مَا تُنْفِقُ يَمِينُهُ  

[Machine] "And the people of Paradise will say: Three things, they possess authority, they are moderate, they are charitable, and they are successful. And there is a man who is compassionate, gentle-hearted towards all relatives, and a Muslim who is poor and modest, and charitable. And the people of Hellfire are five: the weak, those who did not have supporters among you, and they do not follow the owners of wealth and possessions, and the betrayer whom greed is obvious in his behavior, and if he is given an opportunity to deceive, he will not hesitate to betray. And a man who does not wake up or go to sleep except with deceiving you regarding your wealth and family, and he mentions stinginess, lying, and obscene speech."  

وَقَالَ أَهْلُ الْجَنَّةِ ثَلَاثَةٌ ذُو سُلْطَانٍ مُقْصِدٌ مُتَصَدِّقٌ مُوَفَّقٌ وَرَجُلٌ رَحِيمٌ رَقِيقُ الْقَلْبِ لِكُلِّ ذِي قُرْبَى وَمُسْلِمٌ فَقِيرٌ عَفِيفٌ مُتَصَدِّقٌ وَأَهْلُ النَّارِ خَمْسَةٌ الضَّعِيفُ الَّذِي لَا زَبْرَ لَهُ الَّذِينَ هُمْ فِيكُمْ تَبَعٌ لَا يَتَّبِعُونَ أَهْلًا وَلَا مَالًا وَالْخَائِنُ الَّذِي لَا يَخْفَى لَهُ طَمَعٌ وَإِنْ دَقَّ إِلَّا خَانَهُ وَرَجُلٌ لَا يُصْبِحُ وَلَا يُمْسِي إِلَّا وَهُوَ يُخَادِعُكَ عَنْ أَهْلِكَ وَمَالِكَ وَذَكَرَ الْبُخْلَ وَالْكَذِبَ وَالشِّنْظِيرَ الْفَاحِشَ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "Those who are just in their rulings and dealings with their families and those under their authority will be on pulpits of light on the right hand of the Most Merciful, and both of His hands are right."  

النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ الْمُقْسِطُونَ عِنْدَ اللهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَلَى مَنَابِرَ مِنْ نُورٍ عَنْ يَمِينِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَكِلْتَا يَدَيْهِ يَمِينٌ الَّذِينَ يَعْدِلُونَ فِي حُكْمِهِمْ وَأَهْلِيهِمْ وَمَا وُلُّوا  

“There are three whose supplication is not rejected: The fasting person when he breaks his fast, the just leader, and the supplication of the oppressed person; Allah raises it up above the clouds and opens the gates of heaven to it. And the Lord says: ‘By My might, I shall surely aid you, even if it should be after a while.’” (Using translation from Tirmidhī 3598)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ثَلَاثَةٌ لَا تُرَدُّ دَعْوَتُهُمْ الْإِمَامُ الْعَادِلُ وَالصَّائِمُ حَتَّى يُفْطِرَ وَدَعْوَةُ الْمَظْلُومِ تُحْمَلُ عَلَى الْغَمَامِ وَتُفْتَحُ لَهَا أَبْوَابُ السَّمَاءِ وَيَقُولُ الرَّبُّ وَعِزَّتِي لَأَنْصُرَنَّكِ وَلَوْ بَعْدَ حِينٍ  

I heard the Prophet ﷺ saying, "There is no envy except in two: a person whom Allah has given wealth and he spends it in the right way, and a person whom Allah has given wisdom (i.e. religious knowledge) and he gives his decisions accordingly and teaches it to the others." (Using translation from Bukhārī 1409)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا حَسَدَ إِلَّا فِي اثْنَتَيْنِ رَجُلٍ آتَاهُ اللهُ مَالًا فَسَلَّطَهُ عَلَى هَلَكَتِهِ فِي الْحَقِّ وَرَجُلٍ آتَاهُ اللهُ حِكْمَةً فَهُوَ يَقْضِي بِهَا وَيُعَلِّمُهَا  

The Prophet ﷺ said: If anyone seeks the office of judge among Muslims till he gets it and his justice prevails over his tyranny, he will go to Paradise; but the man whose tyranny prevails over his justice will go to Hell. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3575)   

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ طَلَبَ قَضَاءَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ حَتَّى يَنَالَهُ ثُمَّ غَلَبَ عَدْلُهُ جَوْرَهُ فَلَهُ الْجَنَّةُ وَمَنْ غَلَبَ جَوْرُهُ عَدْلَهُ فَلَهُ النَّارُ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "When the judge sits in his place, two angels descend upon him, guide him and grant him success, as long as he does not deviate. But if he deviates, they ascend and leave him."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا جَلَسَ الْقَاضِي فِي مَكَانِهِ هَبَطَ عَلَيْهِ مَلَكَانِ يُسَدِّدَانِهِ وَيُوَفِّقَانِهِ وَيُرْشِدَانِهِ مَا لَمْ يَجُرْ فَإِذَا جَارَ عَرَجَا وَتَرَكَاهُ  

[Machine] The Prophet of Allah ﷺ said, "Indeed, Allah is with the judge as long as he is not unjust. However, when he becomes unjust, Allah distances Himself from him and Satan clings to him."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ مَعَ الْقَاضِي مَا لَمْ يَجُرْ فَإِذَا جَارَ بَرِئَ اللهُ مِنْهُ وَلَزِمَهُ الشَّيْطَانُ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Indeed, Allah is with the judge as long as he does not turn unjust. But when he turns unjust, Allah hands him over to himself." Ibn Saad said...  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ مَعَ الْقَاضِي مَا لَمْ يَجُرْ فَإِذَا جَارَ وَكَلَهُ إِلَى نَفْسِهِ قَالَ ابْنُ صَاعِدٍ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Indeed, the most beloved of people to Allah on the Day of Resurrection and the closest of them to me in position will be a just leader. And the most hated of people to me on the Day of Resurrection and the most severe of them in punishment will be an unjust leader."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّ أَحَبَّ النَّاسِ إِلَى اللهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَأَقْرَبَهُمْ مِنِّي مَجْلِسًا إِمَامٌ عَادِلٌ وَأَبْغَضَ النَّاسِ إِلِيَّ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَأَشَدَّهُمْ عَذَابًا إِمَامٌ جَائِرٌ  

[Machine] He heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying: "I would rather sit in a gathering like this than to free four slaves." Shu'bah said, "I asked, 'Which gathering do you mean?' He said, 'Being a judge.'"  

أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ لَأَنْ أَقْعُدَ فِي مِثْلِ هَذَا الْمَجْلِسِ أَحَبُّ إِلِيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أُعْتِقَ أَرْبَعَ رِقَابٍ قَالَ شُعْبَةُ فَقُلْتُ لِأِيِّ مَجْلِسٍ يَعْنِي؟ قَالَ كَانَ قَاضِيًا  

[Machine] "Because spending a day in which justice and fairness are achieved is more beloved to me than participating in a battle for a year or even a hundred days. This was said by Al-Hajjaj ibn Arta'ah when he was summoned by Ibn Mas'ud, and it is only narrated from Masruq."  

لَأَنْ أَقْضِيَ يَوْمًا وَأُوَافِقَ فِيهِ الْحَقَّ وَالْعَدْلَ أَحَبُّ إِلِيَّ مِنْ غَزْوِ سَنَةٍ أَوْ قَالَ مِائَةِ يَوْمٍ رَفَعَهُ الْحَجَّاجُ بْنُ أَرْطَاةَ إِلَى ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ مُنْقَطِعًا وَإِنَّمَا يُرْوَى عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said: "There is no ruler who governs between people and mentions a hadith, then Masruq said: 'I would rather spend a day ruling justly than participating in a military expedition for the sake of Allah.'"  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ مَا مِنْ حَاكِمٍ يَحْكُمُ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ قَالَ وَقَالَ مَسْرُوقٌ لَأَنْ أَقْضِيَ يَوْمًا بِحَقٍّ أَحَبُّ إِلِيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أَغْزُوَ سَنَةً فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ ﷻ  

"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'The strong believer is better and more beloved to Allah than the weak believer, although both are good. Strive for that which will benefit you, seek the help of Allah, and do not feel helpless. If anything befalls you, do not say, "if only I had done such and such" rather say "Qaddara Allahu wa ma sha'a fa'ala (Allah has decreed and whatever he wills, He does)." For (saying) 'If' opens (the door) to the deeds of Satan.'" (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 79)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْمُؤْمِنُ الْقَوِيُّ خَيْرٌ وَأَحَبُّ إِلَى اللهِ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِ الضَّعِيفِ وَفِي كُلٍّ خَيْرٌ احْرِصْ عَلَى مَا يَنْفَعُكَ وَاسْتَعِنْ بِاللهِ وَلَا تَعْجَزْ وَإِنْ أَصَابَكَ شَيْءٌ فَلَا تَقُلْ لَوْ أَنِّي فَعَلْتُ كَذَا وَكَذَا قُلْ قَدَرُ اللهِ وَمَا شَاءَ فَعَلَ فَإِنَّ لَوْ تَفْتَحُ عَمَلَ الشَّيْطَانِ  

“The believer who mixes with people and bears their annoyance with patience will have a greater reward than the believer who does not mix with people and does not put up with their annoyance.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 4032)   

النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ الْمُؤْمِنُ الَّذِي يُخَالِطُ النَّاسَ وَيَصْبِرُ عَلَى أَذَاهُمْ أَفْضَلُ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِ الَّذِي لَا يُخَالِطُ النَّاسَ وَلَا يَصْبِرُ عَلَى أَذَاهُمْ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ  

“The believer who mixes with people and bears their annoyance with patience will have a greater reward than the believer who does not mix with people and does not put up with their annoyance.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 4032)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْمُؤْمِنُ الَّذِي يُخَالِطُ النَّاسَ وَيَصْبِرُ عَلَى أَذَاهُمْ أَعْظَمُ أَجْرًا مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِ الَّذِي لَا يُخَالِطُ النَّاسَ وَلَا يَصْبِرُ عَلَى أَذَاهُمْ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ was on a journey and lost one of his companions. He was brought to him, and the Prophet said, "I wanted to seclude myself to worship my Lord and stay away from people." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Do not do that, and none of you should do that." He repeated this three times, and then he said, "Patience for an hour in some places of the Muslims is better than forty years of worship in seclusion."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ فِي سَفَرٍ فَفَقَدَ رَجُلًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فَأُتِيَ بِهِ فَقَالَ إِنِّي أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَخْلُوَ بِعِبَادَةِ رَبِّي وَأَعْتَزِلَ النَّاسَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَلَا تَفْعَلْهُ وَلَا يَفْعَلْهُ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ قَالَهَا ثَلَاثًا فَلَصَبْرُ سَاعَةٍ فِي بَعْضِ مَوَاطِنِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ خَيْرٌ مِنْ عِبَادَةِ أَرْبَعِينَ عَامًا خَالِيًا  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , said, "Support your brother, whether he is an oppressor or oppressed." They said, "O Messenger of Allah, we understand how to support him if he is oppressed, but how do we support him if he is an oppressor?" He said, "By preventing him from committing oppression."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ انْصُرْ أَخَاكَ ظَالِمًا أَوْ مَظْلُومًا قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ هَذَا نَنْصُرُهُ مَظْلُومًا فَكَيْفَ نَنْصُرُهُ ظَالِمًا؟ قَالَ تَمْنَعُهُ مِنَ الظُّلْمِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "There is no prophet whom Allah has sent before me, in any nation, except that he had disciples and companions from his nation who followed his teachings and emulated him. Then, after them, there will come successors who say things that they do not do, and do things that they are not commanded to do. Whoever fights against them with his hand is a believer, and whoever fights against them with his tongue is a believer, and whoever fights against them with his heart is a believer. And beyond that, there is not even a mustard seed worth of faith."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَا مِنْ نَبِيٍّ بَعَثَهُ اللهُ فِي أُمَّةٍ قَبْلِي إِلَّا كَانَ لَهُ مِنْ أُمَّتِهِ حَوَارِيُّونَ وَأَصْحَابٌ يَأْخُذُونَ بِسُنَنِهِ وَيَقْتَدُونَ بِهَا ثُمَّ يَخْلُفُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ خُلُوفٌ يَقُولُونَ مَا لَا يَفْعَلُونَ وَيَفْعَلُونَ مَا لَا يُؤْمَرُونَ فَمَنْ جَاهَدَهُمْ بِيَدِهِ فَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ وَمَنْ جَاهَدَهُمْ بِلِسَانِهِ فَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ وَمَنْ جَاهَدَهُمْ بِقَلْبِهِ فَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ وَلَيْسَ وَرَاءَ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْإِيمَانِ حَبَّةُ خَرْدَلٍ  

I head the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: If any one you sees something objectionable, he should change it with his hand if he can change it with his hand. (The narrator Hammad broke the rest of the tradition which was completed by Ibn al-‘Ala’.) But if he cannot (do so), he should do it with his tongue, and if he cannot (do so with) his tongue he should do it in his heart, that being the weakest form of faith. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4340)   

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ مَنْ رَأَى مِنْكُمْ مُنْكَرًا فَإِنِ اسْتَطَاعَ أَنْ يُغَيِّرَهُ بِيَدِهِ فَلْيُغَيِّرْهُ بِيَدِهِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ فَبِلِسَانِهِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ فَبِقَلْبِهِ وَذَلِكَ أَضْعَفُ الْإِيمَانِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Do not let the fear of people prevent you from speaking the truth when you know it." Abu Sa'id said, "We continued to face difficulties until we became weak, yet we would still convey the secret. Abdullah ibn Yusuf al-Asbahani told us that Abu Bakr al-Qattan narrated to us, who told us Ibrahim ibn al-Harith, who told us Yahya ibn Abi Bukair, who told us Shu'bah, from Abu Muslimah, who said, "I heard Abu Nadrah narrating from Abu Sa'id al-Khudri, who said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said..." and then he mentioned it. Abu Sa'id al-Khudri said, "It was that incident that compelled me to embark on a journey to Mu'awiyah, and I filled his ears with it, and then I returned."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا يَمْنَعَنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ مَخَافَةُ النَّاسِ أَنْ يَتَكَلَّمَ بِحَقٍّ إِذَا عَلِمَهُ قَالَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ فَمَا زَالَ بِنَا الْبَلَاءُ حَتَّى قَصَّرْنَا وَإِنَّا لَنُبَلِّغُ فِي السِّرِّ 20181 وَحَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْقَطَّانُ ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي بُكَيْرٍ ثنا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ أَبِي مَسْلَمَةَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا نَضْرَةَ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ ؓ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرَهُ قَالَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ وَذَاكَ الَّذِي حَمَلَنِي عَلَى أَنْ رَحَلْتُ إِلَى مُعَاوِيَةَ فَمَلَأْتُ مَسَامِعَهُ ثُمَّ رَجَعْتُ  

[Machine] Jihad had three stages, the first of which is controlled by the hand, then the tongue, and then the heart. When the heart does not recognize the truth or reject the unacceptable, it is turned upside down and placed beneath. This is the end.  

كَانَ الْجِهَادُ ثَلَاثَةً فَأَوَّلُ مَا يَغْلِبُ عَلَيْهِ الْيَدُ ثُمَّ اللِّسَانُ ثُمَّ الْقَلْبُ فَإِذَا كَانَ الْقَلْبُ لَا يَعْرِفُ حَقًّا وَلَا يُنْكِرُ مُنْكَرًا نُكِّسَ فَجُعِلَ أَعْلَاهُ أَسْفَلَهُ هَذَا مَوْقُوفٌ  

“I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: ‘Allah will question His slave on the Day of Resurrection, until He says: “What kept you from denouncing evil when you saw it?” When Allah grants His slave a response, he will say: “O Lord, I hoped for Your mercy but I feared the people.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 4017)   

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ لِيَسْأَلُ الْعَبْدَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ حَتَّى يَسْأَلَ مَا مَنَعَكَ إِذْ رَأَيْتَ مُنْكَرًا أَنْ تُنْكِرَهُ؟ فَإِذَا لَقَّنَ اللهُ الْعَبْدَ حُجَّتَهُ قَالَ يَا رَبِّ رَجَوْتُكَ وَخِفْتُ النَّاسَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "None of you should belittle himself and think of a matter that Allah has commanded him to do but he is unable to fulfill it, then he meets Allah and says, 'Why didn't you say on such and such day?' He said, 'My Lord, I was afraid of people.' He said, 'Rather, it is Me who deserves to be feared.' Zubayd and Shu'bah reported it from 'Amr ibn Murrah."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا يَحْقِرَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ نَفْسَهُ أَنْ يَرَى أَمْرَ اللهِ عَلَيْهِ فِيهِ مَقَالٌ لَا يَقُومُ بِهِ فَيَلْقَى اللهَ فَيَقُولَ مَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تَقُولَ يَوْمَ كَذَا وَكَذَا ؟ قَالَ قَالَ يَا رَبِّ إِنِّي خَشِيتُ النَّاسَ قَالَ قَالَ إِيَّايَ أَحَقُّ أَنْ تَخْشَى وَتَابَعَهُ زُبَيْدٌ وَشُعْبَةُ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was asked when he was throwing the pebbles at the Jamarat (pillar): "O Messenger of Allah, which form of jihad is most beloved to Allah?" He replied, "Speaking the truth in the presence of an oppressive ruler." Al-Mu'alla said, "And Al-Hasan used to say to an unjust ruler."  

سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حِينَ رَمَى الْجَمْرَةَ قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أِيُّ الْجِهَادِ أَحَبُّ إِلَى اللهِ؟ قَالَ كَلِمَةُ حَقٍّ تُقَالُ لِإِمَامٍ جَائِرٍ قَالَ الْمُعَلَّى وَكَانَ الْحَسَنُ يَقُولُ لِإِمَامٍ ظَالِمٍ  

[Machine] My friend and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ advised me with seven things: He commanded me to look at those who are below me and not to look at those who are above me, and he commanded me to love the poor and the oppressed among them, and he commanded me not to ask anyone for anything, and he commanded me to maintain family ties even if they turn away, and he commanded me to speak the truth even if it is bitter, and he commanded me not to take any blame from people for the sake of Allah, and he commanded me to say "There is no power or strength except with Allah" abundantly, for it is from the treasures of Paradise. This is the saying of Muhammad ibn Abd Allah ibn Wahb. And Abu al-Husayn ibn Bishran informed us that Abu Ja'afar Muhammad ibn Amr ibn al-Bakhtari narrated to us, and Ismail ibn Muhammad al-Fasawi narrated to us, and Makkib ibn Ibrahim narrated to us, and Hisham ibn Hassan and al-Hasan ibn Dinar narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn Wasa'i who mentioned it with his chain of narration in a similar way in the ninth of dictation.  

أَوْصَانِي خَلِيلِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِسَبْعٍ أَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَنْظُرَ إِلَى مَنْ هُوَ دُونِي وَلَا أَنْظُرَ إِلَى مَنْ هُوَ فَوْقِي وَأَمَرَنِي بِحُبِّ الْمَسَاكِينِ وَالدُّنُوِّ مِنْهُمْ وَأَمَرَنِي أَنْ لَا أَسْأَلَ أَحَدًا شَيْئًا وَأَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَصِلَ الرَّحِمَ وَإِنْ أَدْبَرَتْ وَأَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَقُولَ الْحَقَّ وَإِنْ كَانَ مُرًّا وَأَمَرَنِي أَنْ لَا يَأْخُذَنِي فِي اللهِ لَوْمَةُ لَائِمٍ وَأَمَرَنِي أَنْ أُكْثِرَ مِنْ قَوْلِ لَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللهِ فَإِنَّهَا مِنْ كَنْزِ الْجَنَّةِ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِهِ عَنِ الْمُحَمَّدَآبَاذِيِّ 20187 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ بِشْرَانَ أنبأ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْبَخْتَرِيِّ ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْفَسَوِيُّ ثنا مَكِّيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ثنا هِشَامُ بْنُ حَسَّانَ وَالْحَسَنُ بْنُ دِينَارٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ وَاسِعٍ فَذَكَرَهُ بِإِسْنَادِهِ نَحْوَهُ فِي التَّاسِعِ مِنَ الْإِمْلَاءِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: The example of those who abide by the limits set by Allah and those who transgress them is like the people who boarded a ship. Some of them settled in the upper deck, while others settled in the lower deck. When the people in the lower deck needed water, they had to pass by the people in the upper deck, and they would bother them. So the people in the upper deck told them: "You have bothered us by passing by and causing us harm." Then the people in the lower deck took an axe and started to make a hole in the ship. The people in the upper deck asked them: "What are you doing?" If you leave them and let them do as they please, they will cause the destruction of all of us. But if you hold them back, we will all be saved.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَثَلُ الْوَاقِعِ فِي حُدُودِ اللهِ وَالْمُدَاهِنِ فِيهَا كَمَثَلِ قَوْمٍ اسْتَهَمُوا عَلَى سَفِينَةٍ فَأَصَابَ بَعْضُهُمْ سُفْلًا وَأَصَابَ بَعْضُهُمْ عُلْوًا فَكَانَ الَّذِينَ فِي السُّفْلِ يَسْتَقُونَ مِنَ الْعُلُوِّ فَيَمُرُّونَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَيُؤْذُونَهُمْ فَقَالَ الَّذِينَ فِي الْعُلُوِّ قَدْ آذَيتُمُونَا تَصُبُّونَ عَلَيْنَا الْمَاءَ قَالَ فَأَخَذُوا فَأْسًا يَعْنِي الَّذِينَ فِي السُّفْلِ فَجَعَلُوا يَحْفِرُونَ فِي السَّفِينَةِ فَقَالَ لَهُمُ الَّذِينَ فِي الْعُلُوِّ مَا تَصْنَعُونَ؟ فَإِنْ تَرَكُوهُمْ وَمَا يُرِيدُونَ هَلَكُوا جَمِيعًا وَإِنْ أَخَذُوا عَلَى أَيْدِيهِمْ نَجَوْا جَمِيعًا  

[Machine] Abu Bakr Siddiq praised and thanked Allah, then he said, "O people, you recite this verse: 'O you who have believed, upon you is [responsibility for] yourselves. Those who have gone astray will not harm you when you have been guided.' [Surah Al-Ma'idah 105]. And indeed, I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, 'If people witness wrongdoing but do not take action against it, they are close to being afflicted by the punishment of Allah.' And Khalid ibn Abdullah Al-Wasiti narrated that Ismail added, 'You recite this verse and place it in a different context.' Abu Ali Al-Rudhbari narrated from Muhammad ibn Bakr, who narrated from Abu Dawud, who narrated from Wahb ibn Baqiyyah from Khalid, and he mentioned it. And Hushaym narrated from Ismail with an addition, except that he said, 'I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, 'Whenever a nation tolerates sins being committed among them, despite having the power to change it, then they are close to being afflicted by the punishment of Allah.' Abu Ali Al-Rudhbari narrated from Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Mahrawayh ibn Abbas ibn Sinan Al-Razi, who narrated from Abu Hatim Al-Razi, who narrated from Amr ibn Awn Al-Wasiti, who narrated from Hushaym, who mentioned it."  

قَامَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ ؓ فَحَمِدَ اللهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّكُمْ تَقْرَؤُونَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا عَلَيْكُمْ أَنْفُسَكُمْ لَا يَضُرُّكُمْ مَنْ ضَلَّ إِذَا اهْتَدَيْتُمْ} [المائدة 105] وَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ إِنَّ النَّاسَ إِذَا رَأَوَا الظَّالِمَ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَأْخُذُوا عَلَى يَدَيْهِ أَوْشَكُوْا أَنْ يَعُمَّهُمُ اللهُ بِعِقَابٍ 20190 وَرَوَاهُ خَالِدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْوَاسِطِيُّ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بِمَعْنَاهُ زَادَ فِيهِ إِنَّكُمْ تَقْرَؤُونَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ وَتَضَعُونَهَا عَلَى غَيْرِ مَوْضِعِهَا أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا وَهْبُ بْنُ بَقِيَّةَ عَنْ خَالِدٍ فَذَكَرَهُ 20191 وَرَوَاهُ هُشَيْمٌ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بِزِيَادَتِهِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ وَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ مَا مِنْ قَوْمٍ يُعْمَلُ فِيهِمْ بِالْمَعَاصِي يَقْدِرُونَ عَلَى أَنْ يُغَيِّرُوا فَلَا يُغَيِّرُوا إِلَّا أَوْشَكَ أَنْ يَعُمَّهُمُ اللهُ مِنْهُ بِعِقَابٍ أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَهْرَوَيْهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ الرَّازِيُّ ثنا أَبُو حَاتِمٍ الرَّازِيُّ ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ عَوْنٍ الْوَاسِطِيُّ أنبأ هُشَيْمٌ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ فَذَكَرَهُ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "There is no group of people in whom sins are committed more and are considered less significant than those who continue to commit them without repentance. They are near to being afflicted by the punishment of Allah." And in another narration by Wahb, he said, "Except that He blinds them with their sins."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَا مِنْ قَوْمٍ يُعْمَلُ فِيهِمْ بِالْمَعَاصِي هُمْ أَكْثَرُ وَأَعَزُّ مِمَّنْ يَعْمَلُ بِهَا ثُمَّ لَا يُغَيِّرُونَهُ إِلَّا يُوشِكُ أَنْ يَعُمَّهُمُ اللهُ بِعِقَابٍ وَفِي حَدِيثِ وَهْبٍ إِلَّا عَمَّهُمْ  

I asked AbuTha'labah al-Khushani: What is your opinion about the verse "Care for yourselves". He said: I swear by Allah, I asked the one who was well informed about it; I asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about it. He said: No, enjoin one another to do what is good and forbid one another to do what is evil. But when you see niggardliness being obeyed, passion being followed, worldly interests being preferred, everyone being charmed with his opinion, then care for yourself, and leave alone what people in general are doing; for ahead of you are days which will require endurance, in which showing endurance will be like grasping live coals. The one who acts rightly during that period will have the reward of fifty men who act as he does. Another version has: He said (The hearers asked:) Messenger of Allah, the reward of fifty of them? He replied: The reward of fifty of you. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4341)   

قُلْتُ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا عَلَيْكُمْ أَنْفُسَكُمْ لَا يَضُرُّكُمْ مَنْ ضَلَّ إِذَا اهْتَدَيْتُمْ} [المائدة 105] قَالَ أَمَا وَاللهِ لَقَدْ سَأَلْتُ عَنْهَا خَبِيرًا سَأَلْتُ عَنْهَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ بَلْ أَنْتُمُ ائْتَمِرُوا بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَتَنَاهَوْا عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ حَتَّى إِذَا رَأَيْتَ شُحًّا مُطَاعًا وَهَوًى مُتَّبَعًا وَدُنْيَا مُؤْثَرَةً وَإِعْجَابَ كُلِّ ذِي رَأْيٍ بِرَأْيِهِ وَرَأَيْتَ أَمْرًا لَا يَدَانِ لَكَ بِهِ فَعَلَيْكَ نَفْسَكَ وَدَعْ عَنْكَ أَمْرَ الْعَوَامِّ فَإِنَّ مِنْ وَرَائِكَ أَيَّامَ الصَّبْرِ الصَّبْرُ فِيهِنَّ مِثْلُ قَبْضٍ عَلَى الْجَمْرِ لِلْعَامِلِ فِيهِنَّ كَأَجْرِ خَمْسِينَ رَجُلًا يَعْمَلُونَ مِثْلَ عَمَلِهِ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ ابْنِ شُعَيْبٍ زَادَ ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ قَالَ وَزَادَنِي غَيْرُهُ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَجْرُ خَمْسِينَ مِنْهُمْ؟ قَالَ أَجْرُ خَمْسِينَ مِنْكُمْ  

[Machine] The interpretation of this verse has not yet come. Indeed, the Qur'an was revealed when it was revealed, and there were verses whose interpretation came before they were revealed, and there were verses whose interpretation occurred after that day, and there are verses whose interpretation will occur at the Hour. And they have not mentioned anything about the Hour, and there are verses whose interpretation will occur after the Day of Reckoning, and Paradise and Hellfire. As long as your hearts are united and your desires are united, and you do not divide into factions and you do not taste harm from each other, then go ahead and continue. But when the hearts differ and desires differ and you divide into factions and taste harm from each other, then each person is responsible for themselves, and it is at that point that the interpretation comes.  

لَمْ يَجِئْ تَأْوِيلُ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ بَعْدُ إِنَّ الْقُرْآنَ أُنْزِلَ حِينَ أُنْزِلَ وَكَانَ مِنْهُ آيٌ مَضَى تَأْوِيلُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ وَكَانَ مِنْهُ آيٌ وَقَعَ تَأْوِيلُهُ بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ وَمِنْهُ آيٌ يَقَعُ تَأْوِيلُهُ عِنْدَ السَّاعَةِ وَمَا ذَكَرُوا مِنْ أَمْرِ السَّاعَةِ وَمِنْهُ آيٌ يَقَعُ تَأْوِيلُهُ بَعْدَ يَوْمِ الْحِسَابِ وَالْجَنَّةِ وَالنَّارِ فَمَا دَامَتْ قُلُوبُكُمْ وَاحِدَةً وَأَهْوَاؤُكُمْ وَاحِدَةً وَلَمْ تَلْبِسُوا شِيَعًا وَلَمْ يَذُقْ بَعْضُكُمْ بَأْسَ بَعْضٍ فَمُرُوا وَانْهَوْا فَإِذَا اخْتَلَفَتِ الْقُلُوبُ وَالْأَهْوَاءُ وَأُلْبِسْتُمْ شِيَعًا وَذَاقَ بَعْضُكُمْ بَأْسَ بَعْضٍ فَامْرُؤٌ وَنَفْسُهُ فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ جَاءَ تَأْوِيلُهَا  

[Machine] There were some Jews who were forbidden by Allah from capturing whales on the Sabbath. Their whales would come to them on their Sabbath, prepared like eggplants with fins, resembling the shape and appearance of their offspring. But on days other than the Sabbath, they would not find any whales unless they exerted great effort and struggled to catch them. So some of them said to each other, or someone among them said, "If we take them on a day other than the Sabbath and eat them, let us do it." So a certain group from among them did so, and they took and ate them. Then their neighbors noticed the smell of cooking from the whales and said, "By Allah, we do not see that the family of so-and-so has experienced anything." So others among them also took and ate them, until this became widespread among them and prevalent. They split into three groups: one group that would eat, one group that would forbid, and one group that would say, "Why do you warn a people whom Allah is going to destroy or punish with a severe punishment?" (Al-A'raf 164). The group that forbade said, "Indeed, we warn you of the wrath of Allah and His punishment, that Allah may strike you with a calamity, or smite you with one of the punishments He has for you." But we will not reveal our secrets to you when you are in this place." So they went out of the city and stayed there overnight. They returned the next day and knocked on the city gate, but no one answered them. So they brought a ladder and leaned it against the city gate. Then one of them climbed atop the gate and said, "O servants of Allah, it is a group of monkeys, and by Allah, they have tails." Then he came down from the gate, and they opened the gate and the people entered. The monkeys realized that they were descended from humans, but the humans did not realize that they were descended from monkeys. A human would come to his relative or close one among the monkeys, touch him, cling to him, and say, "You are so-and-so, aren't you?" The monkey would nod his head, meaning "yes," and the human would cry. The monkey would go to his relative or close one among the humans, and the human would say to her, "You are so-and-so, aren't you?" She would nod her head, meaning "yes," and she would cry. Then the humans said to them, "Indeed, we warned you of the wrath of Allah and His punishment, that Allah may strike you with a calamity, or smite you with one of the punishments He has for you." Ibn 'Abbas said, "Then Allah said, 'So We saved those who forbade evil, and We seized those who did wrong with a severe punishment because of their disobedience.' (Al-A'raf 165). So I do not know what happened to the third group." Ibn 'Abbas said, "How many times have we seen something forbidden and not prevented it?" 'Ikrimah said, "So I said, 'Do you not see that Allah has made me your intercessor, that they have denied and disliked when they said, 'Why do you warn a people whom Allah is going to destroy or punish with a severe punishment?' (Al-A'raf 164).' He was pleased with my words and ordered two heavy coats for me, and I wore them."  

بِهَا نَاسٌ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ فَحَرَّمَ اللهُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْحِيتَانَ يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ فَكَانَتْ حِيتَانُهُمْ تَأْتِيهِمْ يَوْمَ سَبْتِهِمْ شُرَّعًا بِيضٌ سِمَانٌ كَأَمْثَالِ الْمَخَاضِ بِأَفْنِيَائِهِمْ وَأَبْنِيَاتِهِمْ فَإِذَا كَانَ غَيْرَ يَوْمِ السَّبْتِ لَمْ يَجِدُوهَا وَلَمْ يُدْرِكُوهَا إِلَّا فِي مَشَقَّةٍ وَمَؤوُنَةٍ شَدِيدَةٍ فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ أَوْ مَنْ قَالَ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُمْ لَعَلَّنَا لَوْ أَخَذْنَاهَا يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ وَأَكَلْنَاهَا فِي غَيْرِ يَوْمِ السَّبْتِ فَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ مِنْهُمْ فَأَخَذُوا؛ فَشَوَوْا؛ فَوَجَدَ جِيرَانُهُمْ رِيحَ الشِّوَاءِ فَقَالُوا وَاللهِ مَا نَرَى أَصَابَ بَنِي فُلَانٍ شَيْءٌ فَأَخَذَهَا آخَرُونَ حَتَّى فَشَا ذَلِكَ فِيهِمْ وَكَثُرَ فَافْتَرَقُوا فِرَقًا ثَلَاثَةً فِرْقَةٌ أَكَلَتْ وَفِرْقَةٌ نَهَتْ وَفِرْقَةٌ قَالَتْ {لِمَ تَعِظُونَ قَوْمًا اللهُ مُهْلِكُهُمْ أَوْ مُعَذِّبُهُمْ عَذَابًا شَدِيدًا} [الأعراف 164] فَقَالَتِ الْفُرْقَةُ الَّتِي نَهَتْ إِنَّا نُحَذِّرُكُمْ غَضَبَ اللهِ وَعِتَابَهُ أَنْ يُصِيبَكُمُ اللهُ بِخَسْفٍ أَوْ قَذْفٍ أَوْ بِبَعْضِ مَا عِنْدَهُ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ وَاللهِ لَا نُبَايِتُكُمْ فِي مَكَانٍ وَأَنْتُمْ فِيهِ قَالَ فَخَرَجُوا مِنَ السُّورِ فَغَدَوْا عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْغَدِ فَضَرَبُوا بَابَ السُّورِ فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُمْ أَحَدٌ فَأَتَوْا بِسُلَّمٍ فَأَسْنَدُوهُ إِلَى السُّورِ ثُمَّ رَقِيَ مِنْهُمْ رَاقٍ عَلَى السُّورِ فَقَالَ يَا عِبَادَ اللهِ قِرَدَةٌ وَاللهِ لَهَا أَذْنَابٌ تَعَادَى ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ ثُمَّ نَزَلَ مِنَ السُّورِ فَفَتَحَ السُّورَ فَدَخَلَ النَّاسُ عَلَيْهِمْ فَعَرَفَتِ الْقُرُودُ أَنْسَابَهَا مِنَ الْإِنْسِ وَلَمْ تَعْرِفِ الْإِنْسُ أَنْسَابَهَا مِنَ الْقُرُودِ قَالَ فَيَأْتِي الْقِرْدُ إِلَى نَسِيبِهِ وَقَرِيبِهِ مِنَ الْإِنْسِ فَيَحْتَكُّ بِهِ وَيَلْصَقُ بِهِ وَيَقُولُ الْإِنْسَانُ أَنْتَ فُلَانٌ؟ فَيُشِيرُ بِرَأْسِهِ أَيْ نَعَمْ وَيَبْكِي وَتَأْتِي الْقِرْدَةُ إِلَى نَسِيبِهَا وَقَرِيبِهَا مِنَ الْإِنْسِ فَيَقُولُ لَهَا الْإِنْسَانُ أَنْتِ فُلَانَةُ؟ فتشيرُ بِرَأْسِهَا أَيْ نَعَمْ وَتَبْكِي فَيَقُولُ لَهُمُ الْإِنْسُ إِنَّا حَذَّرْنَاكُمْ غَضَبَ اللهِ وَعِقَابَهُ أَنْ يُصِيبَكُمْ بِخَسْفٍ أَوْ مَسْخٍ أَوْ بِبَعْضِ مَا عِنْدَهُ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ فَأَسْمَعُ اللهَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ {فأَنْجَيْنَا الَّذِينَ يَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ السُّوءِ وَأَخَذْنَا الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا بِعَذَابٍ بَئِيسٍ بِمَا كَانُوا يَفْسُقُونَ} فَلَا أَدْرِي مَا فَعَلْتِ الْفِرْقَةُ الثَّالِثَةُ؟ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ فَكَمْ قَدْ رَأَيْنَا مُنْكَرًا فَلَمْ نَنْهَ عَنْهُ قَالَ عِكْرِمَةُ فَقُلْتُ أَلَا تَرَى جَعَلَنِي اللهُ فِدَاءَكَ أَنَّهُمْ قَدْ أَنْكَرُوا وَكَرِهُوا حِينَ قَالُوا {لِمَ تَعِظُونَ قَوْمًا اللهُ مُهْلِكُهُمْ أَوْ مُعَذِّبُهُمْ عَذَابًا شَدِيدًا} [الأعراف 164] فَأَعْجَبَهُ قُولِي ذَلِكَ وَأَمَرَ لِي بِبُرْدَيْنِ غَلِيظَينِ فَكَسَانِيهِمَا  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: The first defect that permeated Banu Isra'il was that a man (of them) met another man and said: O so-and-so, fear Allah, and abandon what you are doing, for it is not lawful for you. He then met him the next day and that did not prevent him from eating with him, drinking with him and sitting with him. When they did so. Allah mingled their hearts with each other. He then recited the verse: "curses were pronounced on those among the children of Isra'il who rejected Faith, by the tongue of David and of Jesus the son of Mary"...up to "wrongdoers". He then said: By no means, I swear by Allah, you must enjoin what is good and prohibit what is evil, prevent the wrongdoer, bend him into conformity with what is right, and restrict him to what is right. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4336)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّ أَوَّلَ مَا دَخَلَ النَّقْصُ عَلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ كَانَ الرَّجُلُ يَلْقَى الرَّجُلَ فَيَقُولُ يَا هَذَا اتَّقِ اللهَ وَدَعْ مَا تَصْنَعُ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَحِلُّ لَكَ ثُمَّ يَلْقَاهُ مِنَ الْغَدِ فَلَا يَمْنَعُهُ ذَلِكَ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَكِيلَهُ وَشَرِيبَهُ وَقَعِيدَهُ فَلَمَّا فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ ضَرَبَ اللهُ قُلُوبَ بَعْضِهِمْ بِبَعْضٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ {لُعِنَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ عَلَى لِسَانِ دَاوُدَ وَعِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ ذَلِكَ بِمَا عَصَوْا وَكَانُوا يَعْتَدُونَ} {كَانُوا لَا يَتَنَاهَوْنَ عَنْ مُنْكَرٍ فَعَلُوهُ لَبِئْسَ مَا كَانُوا يَفْعَلُونَ} [المائدة 79] ثُمَّ قَالَ كَلَّا وَاللهِ لَتَأْمُرُنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَلَتَنْهَوُنَّ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ وَلَتَأْخُذُنَّ عَلَى يَدِ الظَّالِمِ وَلَتَأْطُرُنَّهُ عَلَى الْحَقِّ أَطْرًا وَلَتَقْصُرُنَّهُ عَلَى الْحَقِّ قَصْرًا  

[Machine] About four women, some of whom are lower than others, it was said, "O Abu Muhammad, who are you mentioning?" Al-Zuhri replied, "From Urwah, from four women, some of whom are lower than others." It was said, "O Abu Muhammad, what are their names?" Al-Zuhri replied, "From Urwah, from Zainab bint Abi Salamah, from Habiba, from her mother, Umm Habiba, from Zainab bint Jahsh. She said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ woke up from his sleep with his face red, and he said, 'There is no god but Allah. Woe to the Arabs from an evil that has approached. Today, a hole has been opened in the barrier of Ya'juj and Ma'juj, and it has been tightened ninety times.' So I said, 'O Messenger of Allah, will we be destroyed while there are righteous people among us?' He said, 'Yes, when evil becomes widespread.'" And Abdullah narrated to us that Abu Sa'eed informed him, and Sa'dan bin Nasr narrated to us, and Sufyan narrated from Al-Zuhri, from Urwah, from Zainab bint Abi Salamah, from Habiba, from her mother, Umm Habiba, from Zainab, the wife of the Prophet ﷺ . He mentioned it in a similar manner, except that he said, "And he said, 'There is no god but Allah' three times, and he said, 'And he made a circle with his finger.'"  

عَنْ أَرْبَعِ نِسْوَةٍ بَعْضُهُنَّ أَسْفَلُ مِنْ بَعْضٍ فَقِيلَ يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ مَنْ ذَكَرْتَ؟ قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَرْبَعِ نِسْوَةٍ بَعْضُهُنَّ أَسْفَلُ مِنْ بَعْضٍ قِيلَ يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ مَا اسْمُهُنَّ؟ فَقَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتِ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ حَبِيبَةَ عَنْ أُمِّهَا أُمِّ حَبِيبَةَ عَنْ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتِ جَحْشٍ قَالَتِ اسْتَيْقَظَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْ نَوْمٍ وَهُوَ مُحْمَرٌّ وَجْهُهُ فَقَالَ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَيْلٌ لِلْعَرَبِ مِنْ شَرٍّ قَدِ اقْتَرَبَ فُتِحَ الْيَوْمَ مِنْ رَدْمِ يَأْجُوجَ وَمَأْجُوجَ وَعَقَدَ تِسْعِينَ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَنَهْلِكُ وَفِينَا الصَّالِحُونَ؟ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ إِذَا كَثُرَ الْخَبَثُ 20198 وَحَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ أنبأ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ ثنا سَعْدَانُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ ثنا سُفْيَانُ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتِ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ حَبِيبَةَ عَنْ أُمِّهَا أُمِّ حَبِيبَةَ عَنْ زَيْنَبَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَذَكَرَهُ بِنَحْوِهِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ وَقَالَ وَحَلَّقَ حَلْقَةً بِإِصْبَعِهِ  

"By the One in Whose Hand is my soul! Either you command good and forbid evil, or Allah will soon send upon you a punishment from Him, then you will call upon Him, but He will not respond to you. " (Using translation from Tirmidhī 2169)   

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ لَتَأْمُرُنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَلَتَنْهَوُنَّ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ أَوْ لَيُوشِكَنَّ اللهُ أَنْ يَبْعَثَ عَلَيْكُمْ عِقَابًا مِنْ عِنْدِهِ ثُمَّ لَتَدْعُوَنَّهُ فَلَا يَسْتَجِيبُ لَكُمْ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered upon me one day, and I recognized from his face that something had happened to him. So he performed ablution and went out without speaking to anyone. I stuck to the chambers to hear what he would say. He sat on the pulpit and said, "O people, indeed Allah ﷻ says: 'Enjoin what is good and forbid what is evil before you call upon Me, so that I may respond to you. And ask Me for what you need, and I will give it to you. Seek My support, and I will support you.'"  

دَخَلَ عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمًا فَعَرَفْتُ فِي وَجْهِهِ أَنْ قَدْ حَضَرَهُ شَيْءٌ فَتَوَضَّأَ وَخَرَجَ وَمَا يُكَلِّمُ أَحَدًا فَلَصِقْتُ بِالْحُجُرَاتِ أَسْمَعُ مَا يَقُولُ فَقَعَدَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ يَقُولُ مُرُوا بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَانْهَوْا عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ تَدْعُونِي فَلَا أُجِيبَكُمْ وَتَسْأَلُونِي فَلَا أُعْطِيَكُمْ وَتَسْتَنْصِرُونِي فَلَا أَنْصُرَكُمْ  

[Machine] "From the Prophet ﷺ he said: Indeed, Allah does not bless a nation where the weak do not receive their rights from the strong, and He is not pleased with those who are unjust."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ لَا يُقَدِّسُ أُمَّةً لَا يَأْخُذُ الضَّعِيفُ حَقَّهُ مِنَ الْقَوِيِّ وَهُوَ غَيْرُ مُتَعْتَعٍ  

[Machine] There was a man who had dates with him and he came to the Prophet ﷺ and requested payment for them. The Prophet ﷺ borrowed some dates from Khawlah bint Hakim and gave them to him, saying, "I had some dates with me, but they were covered in dust." He then said, "This is how the believing servants of Allah act. Indeed, Allah does not have mercy upon a nation in which the weak are not given their rights without any hesitation." This hadith is authentic.  

كَانَ لِرَجُلٍ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ تَمْرٌ فَأَتَاهُ يَتَقَاضَاهُ فَاسْتَقْرَضَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مِنْ خَوْلَةَ بِنْتِ حَكِيمٍ تَمْرًا وَأَعْطَاهُ إِيَّاهُ وَقَالَ أَمَا إِنَّهُ قَدْ كَانَ عِنْدِي تَمْرٌ وَلَكِنَّهُ كَانَ غُبْرًا ثُمَّ قَالَ كَذَلِكَ يَفْعَلُ عِبَادُ اللهِ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ إِنَّ اللهَ لَا يَتَرَحَّمُ عَلَى أُمَّةٍ لَا يَأْخُذُ الضَّعِيفُ فِيهِمْ حَقَّهُ غَيْرَ مُتَعْتَعٍ هَذَا مُرْسَلٌ وَهُوَ الصَّحِيحُ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was asked, "What is the most amazing thing you have ever seen?" He replied, "I saw a woman with a bunch of food on her head. Then a horseman passed by and scared her, causing her to gather her food and say, 'Woe to you! The day the king sets his throne and takes from the oppressor to give to the oppressed.' The Prophet ﷺ said, 'In confirmation of her statement, no nation has been sanctified. How can a nation be sanctified? The weak are not taken care of by the strong, who are not unstable.'"

(Ath-Tha'labi 20204)

Ali narrated to us, Ahmed narrated to us, Al-Asfati narrated to us, who is Al-Abbas ibn Al-Fadl, Sa'id ibn Sulayman narrated to us, who is Sa'dawayhi, Mansur ibn Abi Al-Aswad narrated to us, from Ata' ibn As-Sa'ib, from Mu'harib ibn Dithar, from his father, who mentioned this incident. It was also narrated in another way from Jabir ibn Abdullah.  

لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَا أَعْجَبُ شَيْءٍ رَأَيْتَ؟ قَالَ رَأَيْتُ امْرَأَةً عَلَى رَأْسِهَا مِكْتَلٌ مِنْ طَعَامٍ فَمَرَّ فَارِسٌ يَرْكُضُ فَأَذْرَاهُ فَجَعَلَتْ تَجْمَعُ طَعَامَهَا وَقَالَتْ وَيْلٌ لَكَ يَوْمَ يَضَعُ الْمَلِكُ كُرْسِيَّهُ فَيَأْخُذُ لِلْمَظْلُومِ مِنَ الظَّالِمِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ تَصْدِيقًا لِقَولِهَا لَا قُدِّسَتْ أُمَّةٌ أَوْ كَيْفَ قُدِّسَتْ؟ لَا يُؤْخَذُ لِضَعِيفِهَا مِنْ شَدِيدِهَا وَهُوَ غَيْرُ مُتَعْتَعٍ 20204 وَأَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيٌّ ثنا أَحْمَدُ ثنا الْأَسْفَاطِيُّ وَهُوَ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ سَعْدَوَيْهِ ثنا مَنْصُورُ بْنُ أَبِي الْأَسْوَدِ عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ السَّائِبِ عَنْ مُحَارِبِ بْنِ دِثَارٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ بِذَلِكَ وَقَدْ مَضَى فِي كِتَابِ الْغَصْبِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ أَبِي قَيْسٍ عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ السَّائِبِ بِنَحْوِهِ وَرُوِيَ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ