65. Etiquettes of Judements
٦٥۔ كِتَابُ آدَابِ الْقَاضِي
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "I am only a human being, and you dispute among yourselves. It may be that some of you are more forceful in presenting their arguments than others, so I will judge according to what I hear. Whoever I rule in favor of his brother's right, then he should not take it, for I am only giving him a portion from the Fire."
رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ إِنَّمَا أَنَا بَشَرٌ وَإِنَّكُمْ تَخْتَصِمُونَ إِلِيَّ وَلَعَلَّ بَعْضَكُمْ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَلْحَنَ بِحُجَّتِهِ مِنْ بَعْضٍ فَأَقْضِيَ نَحْوَ مَا أَسْمَعُ فَمَنْ قَضَيْتُ لَهُ بِحَقِّ أَخِيهِ شَيْئًا فَلَا يَأْخُذْهُ فَإِنَّمَا أَقْطَعُ لَهُ قِطْعَةً مِنَ النَّارِ
[Machine] The daughter of Abu Salama and her mother Umm Salamah, the wife of the Prophet ﷺ , informed him that her mother Umm Salamah said: The Prophet ﷺ heard the clamor of some disputing individuals at his door, so he went out to them and said: "I am only a human being. It may be that the disputant is more articulate than his opponent, so I will judge in his favor. And I consider him to be truthful. So whoever I judge in favor of his opponent by the right of a Muslim, then it is only a piece of the Hellfire. So let him take it or leave it."
بِنْتَ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ وَأُمَّهَا أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ زَوْجَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَخْبَرَتْهُ أَنَّ أُمَّهَا أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ ؓ قَالَتْ سَمِعَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ جَلَبَةَ خِصَامٍ عِنْدَ بَابِهِ فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا أَنَا بَشَرٌ وَإِنَّهُ يَأْتِينِي الْخَصْمُ وَلَعَلَّ بَعْضَهُمْ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَبْلَغَ مِنْ بَعْضٍ فَأَقْضِيَ لَهُ بِذَلِكَ وَأَحْسِبَ أَنَّهُ صَادِقٌ فَمَنْ قَضَيْتُ لَهُ بِحَقِّ مُسْلِمٍ فَإِنَّمَا هُوَ قِطْعَةٌ مِنَ النَّارِ فَلْيَأْخُذْهَا أَوْ لِيَدَعْهَا
[Machine] A man from Hadramaut and a man from Kindah came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . The man from Hadramaut said, "O Messenger of Allah, this man has conquered my land, which belonged to my father." The man from Kindah responded, "It is my land, which I am cultivating and he has no right to it." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked the man from Hadramaut, "Do you have any evidence?" He replied, "No." The Prophet said, "Then the land is yours." The man from Kindah said, "O Prophet of Allah, he does not care about what he swears upon, and he does not refrain from any wrongdoing." The Prophet said to the man from Hadramaut, "You only have this right." The man from Hadramaut left to gather his evidence and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "If he swears falsely on his wealth, injustly taking it away, then he will face Allah on the Day of Judgment while disregarding it." This is how I found it in my book, and likewise I found it in the book of Muslim, narrated from Ishaq bin Ibrahim and Zuhair bin Harb, from Abu Al-Walid, from Abu Awanah, from Abdul Malik bin Umayr, from Alqamah. This hadith has also been narrated by Uthman bin Sa'id Ad-Darimi, Muhammad bin Al-Husayn bin Abi Al-Hunayn, and Abu Muslim Ibrahim bin Abdullah Al-Kajji, and others, from Abu Al-Walid. They all mentioned in the hadith, "You only have this right." And likewise.
جَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ حَضْرَمَوْتَ وَرَجُلٌ مِنْ كِنْدَةَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ الْحَضْرَمِيُّ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ هَذَا قَدْ غَلَبَنِي عَلَى أَرْضِي قَدْ كَانَتْ لِأَبِي فَقَالَ الْكِنْدِيُّ هِيَ أَرْضِي فِي يَدِي أَزْرَعُهَا لَيْسَ لَهُ فِيهَا حَقٌّ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِلْحَضْرَمِيِّ أَلَكَ بَيِّنَةٌ ؟ قَالَ لَا قَالَ فَلَكَ يَمِينُهُ قَالَ يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ يُبَالِي مَا حَلَفَ عَلَيْهِ لَيْسَ يَتَوَرَّعُ عَنْ شَيْءٍ قَالَ لَيْسَ لَكَ إِلَّا ذَلِكَ قَالَ فَانْطَلَقَ بِهِ لِيُحَلِّفَهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَمَّا أَدْبَرَ أَمَا لَئِنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى مَالٍ لِيَأْخُذَهُ ظُلْمًا فَلَيَلْقَيَّنَ اللهَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَهُوَ عَنْهُ مُعْرِضٌ هَكَذَا وَجَدْتُهُ فِي كِتَابِي وَكَذَلِكَ وَجَدْتُهُ فِي كِتَابِ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَزُهَيْرِ بْنِ حَرْبٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ أَبِي عَوَانَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ وَرَوَاهُ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الدَّارِمِيُّ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ أَبِي الْحُنَيْنِ وَأَبُو مُسْلِمٍ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْكَجِّيُّ وَغَيْرُهُمْ عَنْ أَبِي الْوَلِيدِ فَقَالُوا فِي الْحَدِيثِ لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنْهُ إِلَّا ذَلِكَ وَكَذَلِكَ
[Machine] Abu Bakr Siddiq said, "If I found a man beyond the limits of Allah, I would not support him nor would I call upon anyone to support him until he is with me and not with someone else."
قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ ؓ لَوْ وَجَدْتَ رَجُلًا عَلَى حَدٍّ مِنْ حُدُودِ اللهِ لَمْ أَحُدَّهُ أَنَا وَلَمْ أَدْعُ لَهُ أَحَدًا حَتَّى يَكُونَ مَعِي غَيْرِي
He came to 'Umar bin Khattab from Egypt. 'Umar said: "How long has it been since you have taken off your leather socks?" He said: "From one Friday to the next." He said: "You have acted in accordance with the Sunnah." (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 558)
أَصَبْتَ
لَا أَكُونُ أَنَا أَوَّلَ الْأَرْبَعَةِ
[Machine] Come to the prince and I will testify for you, and these traces are interrupted, not the trace of a blade.
ائْتِ الْأَمِيرَ وَأَنَا أَشْهَدُ لَكَ وَهَذِهِ الْآثَارُ مُنْقَطِعَةٌ غَيْرَ أَثَرِ شُرَيْحٍ
[Machine] Shurayh Al-Qadi said, "Judgment is like burning ember, so lift the ember away from yourself with two sticks."
قَالَ شُرَيْحٌ الْقَضَاءُ جَمْرٌ فَارْفَعِ الْجَمْرَ عَنْكَ بِعُودَيْنِ