[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "People are like a hundred camels, a man cannot find a mount among them."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ النَّاسُ كَالْإِبِلِ الْمِائَةِ لَا يَجِدُ الرَّجُلُ فِيهَا رَاحِلَةً  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave the decision that the two adversaries should be made to sit in front of the judge. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3588)   

قَضَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّ الْخَصْمَيْنِ يَقْعُدَانِ بَيْنَ يَدَيِ الْحَاكِمِ  

[Machine] On the authority of Umm Salama, the wife of the Prophet ﷺ , it was narrated that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever is afflicted with a dispute between Muslims, let him strive to reconcile them in their presence, expressions, and positions."  

عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنِ ابْتُلِيَ بِالْقَضَاءِ بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَلْيَعْدِلْ بَيْنَهُمْ فِي لَحْظِهِ وَإِشَارَتِهِ وَمَقْعَدِهِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , said: "Whoever is afflicted with a dispute among people, let him act justly among them in his words, gestures, and seat."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنِ ابْتُلِيَ بِالْقَضَاءِ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فَلْيَعْدِلْ بَيْنَهُمْ فِي لَحْظِهِ وَإِشَارَتِهِ وَمَقْعَدِهِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever is afflicted with a dispute among people, he should not raise his voice against one of the adversaries without raising it against the other. This is a weak chain of narration."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنِ ابْتُلِيَ بِالْقَضَاءِ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فَلَا يَرْفَعَنَّ صَوْتَهُ عَلَى أَحَدِ الْخَصْمَيْنِ مَا لَا يَرْفَعُ عَلَى الْآخَرِ هَذَا إِسْنَادٌ فِيهِ ضَعِيفٌ  

[Machine] The book of Umar to Abu Musa. After that, know that judgment is a firm obligation and a followed tradition. Understand, when it is presented to you, that a righteous word will not benefit if it does not have an effect among people regarding your face, your assembly, and your justice. Until a noble person does not desire to defame you, and a weak person does not fear your oppression.  

كِتَابُ عُمَرَ إِلَى أَبِي مُوسَى ؓ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّ الْقَضَاءَ فَرِيضَةٌ مُحْكَمَةٌ وَسُنَّةٌ مُتَّبَعَةٌ افْهَمْ إِذَا أُدْلِيَ إِلَيْكَ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَنْفَعُ كَلِمَةُ حَقٍّ لَا نَفَاذَ لَهُ آسِ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فِي وَجْهِكَ وَمَجْلِسِكَ وَعَدْلِكَ حَتَّى لَا يَطْمَعَ شَرِيفٌ فِي حَيْفِكَ وَلَا يَخَافَ ضَعِيفٌ مِنْ جَوْرِكَ  

[Machine] Umar to Abu Musa, indeed people will present to the imam what the imam presents to Allah. And when the imam becomes satisfied, the subjects will become satisfied, and it is near that people may turn away from their authority. And I seek refuge in Allah that I may be overtaken along with you by hidden animosities, personal desires, and worldly influences. So establish the truth even for an hour in the daytime.  

عُمَرُ إِلَى أَبِي مُوسَى ؓ إِنَّ النَّاسَ يُؤَدُّونَ إِلَى الْإِمَامِ مَا أَدَّى الْإِمَامُ إِلَى اللهِ وَإِنَّ الْإِمَامَ إِذَا رَتَعَ رَتَعَتِ الرَّعِيَّةُ وَإِنَّهُ يُوشِكُ أَنْ يَكُونَ لِلنَّاسِ نُفْرَةٌ عَنْ سُلْطَانِهِمْ وَإِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِاللهِ أَنْ يُدْرِكَنِي وَإِيَّاكُمْ ضَغَائِنُ مَحْمُولَةٌ وَأَهْوَاءٌ مُتَّبَعَةٌ وَدُنْيَا مُؤْثَرَةٌ فَأَقِيمُوا الْحَقَّ وَلَوْ سَاعَةً مِنْ نَهَارٍ  

[Machine] "And when you take the people to task in anger, then be just, even if it is only for a brief moment of the day."  

وَأَنْ تَأْخُذُوا النَّاسَ عِنْدَ الْغَضَبِ فَقُومُوا بِالْحَقِّ وَلَوْ سَاعَةً مِنْ نَهَارٍ  

[Machine] "O Umar, we came to you so that you may judge between us. And in his house, the judge was brought to him. Zaid then moved aside from his sleeping position and said, 'Come here, O Commander of the Believers.' Umar said to him, 'You have already told me your case, but now I will sit with your opponent.' They both sat in front of him. Ubay objected and Umar said to Zaid, 'Forgo the right of the Commander of the Believers to be the first to speak, and I was not going to ask it of anyone else.' Umar then swore an oath that Zaid ibn Thabit would not reach a judgment until either Umar or a Muslim of equal status was present."  

عُمَرُ ؓ أَتَيْنَاكَ لِتَحْكُمَ بَيْنَنَا وَفِي بَيْتِهِ يُؤْتَى الْحَكَمُ فَوَسَّعَ لَهُ زَيْدٌ عَنْ صَدْرِ فِرَاشِهِ فَقَالَ هَهُنَا يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ ؓ لَقَدْ جُرْتَ فِي الْفُتْيَا وَلَكِنْ أَجْلِسُ مَعَ خَصْمِي فَجَلَسَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَادَّعَى أُبَيٌّ وَأَنْكَرَ عُمَرُ ؓ فَقَالَ زَيْدٌ لِأُبَيٍّ أَعْفِ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنَ الْيَمِينِ وَمَا كُنْتُ لِأَسْأَلَهَا لِأَحَدٍ غَيْرِهِ فَحَلَفَ عُمَرُ ؓ ثُمَّ أَقْسَمَ لَا يُدْرِكُ زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ الْقَضَاءَ حَتَّى يَكُونَ عُمَرُ وَرَجُلٌ مِنْ عُرْضِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ عِنْدَهُ سَوَاءً  

[Machine] "He has freedom, so go and sit with your opponent, for I do not abandon support even if I am capable of it."  

لَهُ شُرَيْحٌ قُمْ فَاجْلِسْ مَعَ خَصْمِكَ إِنِّي لَا أَدَعُ النُّصْرَةَ وَأَنَا عَلَيْهَا لَقَادِرٌ  

[Machine] "And the judge of the Muslims was Shurayh, who was with Ali when he assumed office. So when Shurayh saw Amir al-Mu'minin, he stood up from the council of judges and seated Ali in his place, while he himself sat in front of him next to the Christian. Ali then said to Shurayh, 'O Shurayh, if my opponent were a Muslim, I would sit with him in the opponent's seat. But I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, 'Do not shake hands with them, do not initiate with them the greeting of peace, do not visit their sick, do not pray for their dead, and block their paths and belittle them as Allah has belittled them. So, you decide between me and him, O Shurayh.' Shurayh replied, 'O Amir al-Mu'minin.' Ali then said, 'This is my armor, it has been missing from me for some time.' Shurayh asked, 'What do you say, O Christian?'' The Christian replied, 'I do not deny that this armor belongs to Amir al-Mu'minin. By Allah, O Amir al-Mu'minin, I followed your army and it fell from your camel, so I took it. I bear witness that there is no god but Allah and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.' Ali said, 'If you have embraced Islam, then it is yours,' and he gave it to him, along with two thousand dirhams. On the day of Siffin, he was wounded alongside Ali, and the rest is as it is. Another weak narration states that it was given to Ali by Ibrahim al-Taymi."  

وَكَانَ قَاضِيَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ شُرَيْحٌ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ اسْتَقْضَاهُ قَالَ فَلَمَّا رَأَى شُرَيْحٌ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ قَامَ مِنْ مَجْلِسِ الْقَضَاءِ وَأَجْلَسَ عَلِيًّا ؓ فِي مَجْلِسِهِ وَجَلَسَ شُرَيْحٌ قُدَّامَهُ إِلَى جَنْبِ النَّصْرَانِيِّ فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ ؓ أَمَا يَا شُرَيْحُ لَوْ كَانَ خَصْمِي مُسْلِمًا لَقَعَدْتُ مَعَهُ مَجْلِسَ الْخَصْمِ وَلَكِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ لَا تُصَافِحُوهُمْ وَلَا تَبْدَؤُوهُمْ بِالسَّلَامِ وَلَا تَعُودُوا مَرْضَاهُمْ وَلَا تُصَلُّوا عَلَيْهِمْ وَأَلْجِئُوهُمْ إِلَى مَضَايِقِ الطُّرُقِ وَصَغِّرُوهُمْ كَمَا صَغَّرَهُمُ اللهُ اقْضِ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ يَا شُرَيْحُ فَقَالَ شُرَيْحٌ تَقُولُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ قَالَ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ هَذِهِ دِرْعِي ذَهَبَتْ مِنِّي مُنْذُ زَمَانٍ قَالَ فَقَالَ شُرَيْحٌ مَا تَقُولُ يَا نَصْرَانِيُّ؟ قَالَ فَقَالَ النَّصْرَانِيُّ مَا أُكُذِّبُ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الدِّرْعُ هِيَ دِرْعِي قَالَ فَقَالَ شُرَيْحٌ مَا أَرَى أَنْ تُخْرَجَ مِنْ يَدِهِ فَهَلْ مِنْ بَيِّنَةٍ؟ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ صَدَقَ شُرَيْحٌ قَالَ فَقَالَ النَّصْرَانِيُّ أَمَّا أَنَا أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ هَذِهِ أَحْكَامُ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَجِيءُ إِلَى قَاضِيهِ وَقَاضِيهِ يَقْضِي عَلَيْهِ هِيَ وَاللهِ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ دِرْعُكَ اتَّبَعْتُكَ مِنَ الْجَيْشِ وَقَدْ زَالَتْ عَنْ جَمَلِكَ الْأَوْرَقِ فَأَخَذْتُهَا فَإِنِّي أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ قَالَ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ أَمَّا إِذَا أَسْلَمْتَ فَهِيَ لَكَ وَحَمَلَهُ عَلَى فَرَسٍ عَتِيقٍ قَالَ فَقَالَ الشَّعْبِيُّ لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُهُ يُقَاتِلُ الْمُشْرِكِينَ هَذَا لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ أَبِي زَكَرِيَّا وَفِي رِوَايَةِ ابْنِ عَبْدَانَ قَالَ يَا شُرَيْحُ لَوْلَا أَنَّ خَصْمِيَ نَصْرَانِيٌّ لَجَثَيْتُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ وَقَالَ فِي آخِرِهِ قَالَ فَوَهَبَهَا عَلِيٌّ ؓ لَهُ وَفَرَضَ لَهُ أَلْفَيْنِ وَأُصِيبَ مَعَهُ يَوْمَ صِفِّينَ وَالْبَاقِي بِمَعْنَاهُ وَرُوِيَ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ أَيْضًا ضَعِيفٍ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ التَّيْمِيِّ