65. Etiquettes of Judements
٦٥۔ كِتَابُ آدَابِ الْقَاضِي
Messenger of Allah ﷺ employed an employee (to collect Zakat). The employee returned after completing his job and said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! This (amount of Zakat) is for you, and this (other amount) was given to me as a present." The Prophet ﷺ said to him, "Why didn't you stay at your father's or mother's house and see if you would be given presents or not?" Then Messenger of Allah ﷺ got up in the evening after the prayer, and having testified that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah and praised and glorified Allah as He deserved, he said, "Now then ! What about an employee whom we employ and then he comes and says, 'This amount (of Zakat) is for you, and this (amount) was given to me as a present'? Why didn't he stay at the house of his father and mother to see if he would be given presents or not? By Him in Whose Hand Muhammad's soul is, none of you will steal anything of it (i.e. Zakat) but will bring it by carrying it over his neck on the Day of Resurrection. If it has been a camel, he will bring it (over his neck) while it will be grunting, and if it has been a cow, he will bring it (over his neck), while it will be mooing; and if it has been a sheep, he will bring it (over his neck) while it will be bleeding." The Prophet ﷺ added, "I have preached you (Allah's Message)." Abu Humaid said, "Then Messenger of Allah ﷺ raised his hands so high that we saw the whiteness of his armpits." (Using translation from Bukhārī 6636)
أَنَّهُ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ اسْتَعْمَلَ عَامِلًا عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ فَجَاءَهُ الْعَامِلُ حِينَ فَرَغَ مِنْ عَمَلِهِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ هَذَا الَّذِي لَكُمْ وَهَذَا الَّذِي أُهْدِيَ إِلِيَّ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَهَلَّا قَعَدْتَ فِي بَيْتِ أَبِيكَ وَأُمِّكَ فَنَظَرْتَ أَيُهْدَى لَكَ أَمْ لَا ؟ ثُمَّ قَامَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَشِيَّةً عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ بَعْدَ الصَّلَاةِ فَتَشَهَّدَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَى اللهِ بِمَا هُوَ أَهْلُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَمَا بَالُ الْعَامِلِ نَسْتَعْمِلُهُ فَيَأْتِيَنَا فَيَقُولَ هَذَا مِنْ عَمَلِكُمْ وَهَذَا الَّذِي أُهْدِيَ لِي فَهَلَّا قَعَدَ فِي بَيْتِ أَبِيهِ وَأُمِّهِ فَنَظَرَ هَلْ يُهْدَى لَهُ أَمْ لَا؟ وَالَّذِي نَفْسُ مُحَمَّدٍ بِيَدِهِ لَا يَقْبَلُ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ مِنْهَا شَيْئًا إِلَّا جَاءَ بِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ يَحْمِلُهُ عَلَى عُنُقِهِ إِنْ كَانَ بَعِيرًا جَاءَ بِهِ لَهُ رُغَاءٌ وَإِنْ كَانَتْ بَقَرَةً جَاءَ بِهَا وَلَهَا خُوَارٌ وَإِنْ كَانَتْ شَاةً جَاءَ بِهَا تَيْعَرُ فَقَدْ بَلَّغْتُ قَالَ أَبُو حُمَيْدٍ ثُمَّ رَفَعَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَدَيْهِ حَتَّى إِنَّنَا لَنَنْظُرُ إِلَى عُفْرَةِ إِبْطَيْهِ قَالَ أَبُو حُمَيْدٍ قَدْ سَمِعَ ذَلِكَ مَعِي مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ فَسَلُوهُ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The gifts of the rulers are bribes."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ هَدَايَا الْأُمَرَاءِ غُلُولٌ
The Prophet ﷺ said: O people, if any of you is put in an administrative post on our behalf and conceals from us a needle or more, he is acting unfaithfully, and will bring it on the Day of Resurrection. A black man from the Ansar, as if I am seeing him, stood and said: Messenger of Allah, take back from me my post. He asked: What is that? He replied: I heard you say such and such. He said: And I say that. If we appoint anyone to an office, he must bring what is connected with it, both little and much. What he is given, he may take, and he must refrain from what is kept away from him. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3581)
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ مَنْ عَمِلَ لَنَا عَلَى عَمَلٍ فَكَتَمَنَا مِخْيَطًا فَهُوَ يَأْتِي بِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ كَأَنِّي أَرَاهُ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ اقْبَلْ عَنِّي عَمَلَكَ قَالَ وَمَا لَكَ ؟ قَالَ سَمِعْتُكَ تَقُولُ الَّذِي قُلْتَ قَالَ وَأَنَا أَقُولُهُ الْآنَ مَنِ اسْتَعْمَلْنَاهُ عَلَى عَمَلٍ فَلْيَجِئْ بِقَلِيلِهِ وَكَثِيرِهِ فَمَا أُوتِيَ مِنْهُ أَخَذَ وَمَا نُهِيَ عَنْهُ انْتَهَى
[Machine] "O Amir al-Mu'minin, judge between us with a decisive judgment, just as you separate the thigh from the hip." Umar ibn al-Khattab then said, "Write to my workers not to accept the bribe, for it is a form of corruption."
يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ اقْضِ بَيْنَنَا قَضَاءً فَصْلًا كَمَا تَفْصِلُ الْفَخِذَ مِنَ الْجَزُورِ قَالَ فَكَتَبَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ إِلَى عُمَّالِهِ لَا تَقْبَلُوا الْهَدْيَ فَإِنَّهَا رِشْوَةٌ
[Machine] A man from the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, who was a worker of Umar ibn al-Khattab, gifted two camels to the wife of Umar. Umar entered and saw them, and he said, "From where did you get these two? Did you buy them? Tell me and do not lie to me." She said, "So and so sent them to me." Umar said, "May Allah kill so and so if he wanted something and could not obtain it from me, and he sent it to me through my own family members. He rejected them forcefully from underneath the person who was sitting on them, and he carried them out. His slave girl followed him and said, 'Their wool belongs to us.' So he ripped their wool and threw it to her, and he came out with them. He gave one to a woman from the Muhajirun and he gave the other to a woman from the Ansar."
أَهْدَى رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَكَانَ مِنْ عُمَّالِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ نُمْرُقَتَيْنِ لِامْرَأَةِ عُمَرَ ؓ فَدَخَلَ عُمَرُ فَرَآهُمَا فَقَالَ مِنْ أَيْنَ لَكِ هَاتَيْنِ؟ اشْتَرَيْتِهِمَا؟ أَخْبِرِينِي وَلَا تَكْذِبِينِي قَالَتْ بَعَثَ بِهِمَا إِلِيَّ فُلَانٌ فَقَالَ قَاتَلَ اللهُ فُلَانًا إِذَا أَرَادَ حَاجَةً فَلَمْ يَسْتَطِعْهَا مِنْ قِبَلِي أَتَانِي مِنْ قِبَلِ أَهْلِي فَاجْتَبَذَهُمَا اجْتِبَاذًا شَدِيدًا مِنْ تَحْتِ مَنْ كَانَ عَلَيْهِمَا جَالِسًا فَخَرَجَ يَحْمِلُهُمَا فَتَبِعَتْهُ جَارِيَتُهَا فَقَالَتْ إِنَّ صُوفَهُمَا لَنَا فَفَتَقَهُمَا وَطَرَحَ إِلَيْهَا الصُّوفَ وَخَرَجَ بِهِمَا فَأَعْطَى إِحْدَاهُمَا امْرَأَةً مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرَاتِ وَأَعْطَى الْأُخْرَى امْرَأَةً مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ