65. Etiquettes of Judements
٦٥۔ كِتَابُ آدَابِ الْقَاضِي
[Machine] We were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ at Dhi al-Hulayfah when the people became hungry, so we acquired camels and sheep. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was among the last to arrive, so they hurried and slaughtered and set up the pots. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent for the pots and commanded them to be filled. They were filled up, and then he divided ten portions of the sheep with one portion being equivalent to a full-grown camel. And he mentioned the hadith.
كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ بِذِي الْحُلَيْفَةِ فَأَصَابَ النَّاسَ جُوعٌ فَأَصَبْنَا إِبِلًا وَغَنَمًا وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي أُخْرَيَاتِ النَّاسِ فَعَجِلُوا فَذَبَحُوا وَنَصَبُوا الْقُدُورَ فَدَفَعَ إِلَيْهِمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَمَرَ بِالْقُدُورِ فَأُكْفِئَتْ ثُمَّ قَسَمَ فَعَدَلَ عَشْرًا مِنَ الْغَنَمِ بِبَعِيرٍ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ
The Prophet ﷺ said, "When the people of Ashʿari tribe ran short of food during the holy battles, or the food of their families in Medina ran short, they would collect all their remaining food in one sheet and then distribute it among themselves equally by measuring it with a bowl. So, these people are from me, and I am from them." (Using translation from Bukhārī 2486)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّ الْأَشْعَرِيِّينَ إِذَا أَرْمَلُوا فِي الْغَزْوِ وَقَلَّ طَعَامُ عِيَالِهِمْ بِالْمَدِينَةِ جَمَعُوا مَا كَانَ عِنْدَهُمْ فِي ثَوْبٍ وَاحِدٍ ثُمَّ اقْتَسَمُوهُ بَيْنَهُمْ فِي إِنَاءٍ وَاحِدٍ بِالسَّوِيَّةِ فَهُمْ مِنِّي وَأَنَا مِنْهُمْ
Bashir ibn Yasar, the client of the Ansar, reported on the authority of a group of the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ conquered Khaybar, he divided it into thirty-six lots, each lot comprising one hundred portions. One half of it was for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and for the Muslims; and he separated the remaining half for the deputations which came to him, other matters and emergent needs of the people. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3012)
عَنْ رِجَالٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ لَمَّا ظَهَرَ عَلَى خَيْبَرَ قَسَمَهَا عَلَى سِتَّةٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ سَهْمًا جَمْعُ كُلِّ سَهْمٍ مِائَةُ سَهْمٍ فَكَانَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَلِلْمُسْلِمِينَ النِّصْفُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَعَزَلَ النِّصْفَ الْبَاقِيَ لِمَنْ نَزَلَ بِهِ مِنَ الْوُفُودِ وَالْأُمُورِ وَنَوَائِبِ النَّاسِ
[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ distributed the spoils of Khaybar into thirty-six shares; eighteen shares for the Prophet ﷺ to fulfill his responsibilities towards people's rights and affairs, and distributed eighteen shares for eighteen men, with each man receiving one hundred shares.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَسَمَ خَيْبَرَ عَلَى سِتَّةٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ سَهْمًا لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ سَهْمًا لِمَا يَنُوبُهُ مِنَ الْحُقُوقِ وَأَمْرِ النَّاسِ وَقَسَمَ ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ سَهْمًا تَجْمَعُ ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ رَجُلًا يَضْرِبُ كُلُّ رَجُلٍ بِمِائَةِ رَجُلٍ
[Machine] When Umar ibn al-Khattab went out to Khaybar, he rode with the Muhajireen and the Ansar. He was accompanied by Jabbar ibn Sakhrah ibn Khansa, one of the Bani Salimah, who was known for his bravery in Medina. They were led by Yazid ibn Thabit, who was their accountant. They divided Khaybar among its people according to the original agreement of the group of Sahman who were in charge of it.
لَمَّا أَخْرَجَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ يَهُودَ خَيْبَرَ رَكِبَ فِي الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ وَخَرَجَ مَعَهُ بِجَبَّارِ بْنِ صَخْرِ بْنِ خَنْسَاءَ أَحَدِ بَنِي سَلِمَةَ وَكَانَ خَارِصَ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ وَحَاسِبَهُمْ وَيَزِيدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ فَهُمَا قَسَمَا خَيْبَرَ بَيْنَ أَهْلِهَا عَلَى أَصْلِ جَمَاعَةِ السُّهْمَانِ الَّتِي كَانَتْ عَلَيْهَا
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The hand of Allah is with the judge while he is judging, and the hand of Allah is with the one who divides (property) while he is dividing."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَدُ اللهِ مَعَ الْقَاضِي حِينَ يَقْضِي وَيَدُ اللهِ مَعَ الْقَاسِمِ حِينَ يَقْسِمُ