65. Etiquettes of Judements
٦٥۔ كِتَابُ آدَابِ الْقَاضِي
[Machine] Indeed, it is from the decree of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ that he decreed that there should be no harm or reciprocating of harm.
إِنَّ مِنْ قَضَاءِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَضَى أَنْ لَا ضَرَرَ وَلَا ضِرَارَ
[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "There should be no harming or reciprocating harm. This hadith has been narrated and transmitted in the Book of Reconciliation."
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَا ضَرَرَ وَلَا ضِرَارَ هَذَا مُرْسَلٌ وَقَدْ رَوَيْنَاهُ فِي كِتَابِ الصُّلْحِ مَوْصُولًا
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever inflicts harm, Allah inflicts harm upon him. And whoever causes difficulty, Allah causes difficulty upon him." Imam Ash-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, said, "This has been narrated from Ibn Jurayj through Siddiq ibn Musa."
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ ضَارَّ أَضَرَّ اللهُ بِهِ وَمَنْ شَاقَّ شَقَّ اللهُ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ فِي الْقَدِيمِ وَقَدْ رَوَى ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ عَنْ صِدِّيقِ بْنِ مُوسَى
[Machine] "From the Prophet ﷺ, he said: Do not impose on the heirs except for what the share carries. He said: Do not impose on the inheritor."
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ لَا تَعْضِيَةَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْمِيرَاثِ إِلَّا مَا حَمَلَ الْقَسْمُ يَقُولُ لَا يُبَعَّضُ عَلَى الْوَارِثِ
[Machine] Abu Ubayd said in the hadith of the Prophet ﷺ , "Do not dispute in inheritance except for what is specified by the division." Abu Ubayd said, "Hajjaj narrated it from Ibn Jurayj from Siddiq bin Musa from Muhammad bin Abi Bakr bin Muhammad bin Amr bin Hazm from his father, who reported it from the Prophet ﷺ . Abu Ubayd said, "His statement 'Do not dispute in inheritance' means when the deceased dies and leaves something, and the heirs want to divide it, there would be harm on them or on some of them, so it should not be divided. And 'al-ta'adiyah' means separation, taken from the parts of the body. It is said, 'I separated the meat' when I divided it. Al-Za'farani said, 'Al-Shafi'i said in the old (scholarly opinion), and this hadith is not considered evidence because it is weak, and it is the statement of those who we met of our scholars.' The Sheikh, may Allah have mercy on him, said, 'It is weakened due to its discontinuity, and it is the statement of the majority.'"
قَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ فِي حَدِيثِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ لَا تَعْضِيَةَ فِي مِيرَاثٍ إِلَّا مَا حَمَلَ الْقَسْمُ قَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ حَدَّثَنِيهِ حَجَّاجٌ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ عَنْ صِدِّيقِ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ حَزْمٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَفَعَهُ قَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ قَوْلُهُ لَا تَعْضِيَةَ فِي مِيرَاثٍ يَعْنِي أَنْ يَمُوتَ الْمَيِّتُ وَيَدَعَ شَيْئًا إِنْ قُسِّمَ بَيْنَ وَرَثَتِهِ إِذَا أَرَادَ بَعْضُهُمُ الْقِسْمَةَ كَانَ فِي ذَلِكَ ضَرَرٌ عَلَيْهِِمْ أَوْ عَلَى بَعْضِهِمْ يَقُولُ فَلَا يُقَسَّمُ وَالتَّعْضِيَةُ التَّفْرِيقُ وَهُوَ مَأْخُوذٌ مِنَ الْإِعْضَاءِ يُقَالُ عَضَيْتُ اللَّحْمَ إِذَا فَرَّقْتُهُ قَالَ الزَّعْفَرَانِيُّ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ فِي الْقَدِيمِ وَلَا يَكُونُ مِثْلُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ حُجَّةً لِأَنَّهُ ضَعِيفٌ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ مَنْ لَقِينَا مِنْ فُقَهَائِنَا قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَإِنَّمَا ضَعَّفَهُ لِانْقِطَاعِهِ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ الْكَافَّةِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade dividing harm. Sheikh Ahmad, may Allah have mercy on him, said and this is a transmitted statement.
نَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَنْ قِسْمَةِ الضِّرَارِ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ أَحْمَدُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَهَذَا مُرْسَلٌ