65. Etiquettes of Judements
٦٥۔ كِتَابُ آدَابِ الْقَاضِي
Hind. the daughter of 'Utba, wife of Abu Sufyan, came to Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said: Abu Sufyan is a miserly person. He does not give adequate maintenance for me and my children, but (I am constrained) to take from his wealth (some part of it) without his knowledge. Is there any sin for me? Thereupon Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Take from his property what is customary which may suffice you and your children. (Using translation from Muslim 1714a)
دَخَلَتْ هِنْدُ بِنْتُ عُتْبَةَ امْرَأَةُ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ رَجُلٌ شَحِيحٌ لَا يُعْطِينِي مِنَ النَّفَقَةِ مَا يَكْفِينِي وَيَكْفِي بَنِيَّ إِلَّا مَا أَخَذْتُ مِنْ مَالِهِ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمِهِ فَهَلْ عَلَيَّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ جُنَاحٌ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ خُذِي بِالْمَعْرُوفِ مَا يَكْفِيكِ وَيَكْفِي بَنِيكِ
[Machine] To the Prophet, ﷺ , I said, "O Messenger of Allah, your brother is detained due to his debt, so I have settled all of it except for two dinars that a woman claims from him, without any evidence. He said, "Give it to her, for it is in accordance with the narration of 'Affan and the narration of 'Abdul Wahid." Narrated to us Ali ibn Muhammad al-Muqri told us al-Hasan, Yoosuf told us 'Abdul Wahid ibn Ghayath told us Hammam ibn Salamah from Sa'id al-Jurayri from Abu Nadrah, from a Companions of the Prophet, ﷺ , with the same story, except that the amount he left was not mentioned.
لِيَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِنَّ أَخَاكَ مَحْبُوسٌ بِدَيْنِهِ فَاقْضِ عَنْهُ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَدْ قَضَيْتُ عَنْهُ إِلَّا دِينَارَيْنِ ادَّعَتْهُمَا امْرَأَةٌ وَلَيْسَتْ لَهَا بَيِّنَةٌ قَالَ أَعْطِهَا فَإِنَّهَا مُحِقَّةٌ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ عَفَّانَ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ أَعْطِهَا فَإِنَّهَا صَادِقَةٌ 20500 وَأَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمُقْرِئُ أنبأ الْحَسَنُ ثنا يُوسُفُ ثنا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ بْنُ غِيَاثٍ ثنا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ سَعِيدٍ الْجُرَيْرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي نَضْرَةَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِمِثْلِهِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ لَمْ يُسَمِّ كَمْ تَرَكَ
Fatimah daughter of Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent a messenger to Abu Bakr demanding from him in inheritance of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ from what Allah bestowed on him at Medina and Fadak, and what remained of the fifth of Khaibar. Abu Bakr said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ has said: We are not inherited. Whatever we leave is sadaqah. The family of Muhammad will eat from this property. I swear by Allah I shall not change it from the former condition of its being sadaqah as it was in the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. I shall deal with it as the Messenger of Allah dealt with it. Abu Bakr, therefore, refused to give anything to Fatimah from it. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2968)
أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَرْسَلَتْ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ ؓ تَسْأَلُهُ مِيرَاثَهَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مِمَّا أَفَاءَ اللهُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَفَدَكٍ وَمَا بَقِيَ مِنْ خُمُسِ خَيْبَرَ قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَا نُورَثُ مَا تَرَكْنَا صَدَقَةٌ إِنَّمَا يَأْكُلُ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ فِي هَذَا الْمَالِ وَإِنِّي وَاللهِ لَا أُغَيِّرُ شَيْئًا مِنْ صَدَقَةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ عَنْ حَالِهَا الَّتِي كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِ فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَلَأَعْمَلَنَّ فِيهَا بِمَا عَمِلَ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَبَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنْ يَدْفَعَ إِلَى فَاطِمَةَ ؓ مِنْهَا شَيْئًا وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ