“I sat with Ka’b bin ‘Ujrah in the mosque and asked him about this Verse: ‘He must pay a compensation of either fasting (three days) or giving charity (feeding six poor persons) or offering sacrifice (one sheep).’ [2:196] Ka’b said: it was revealed concerning me. I had trouble with my head, so I was carried to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, with lice crawling on my face. He said: ‘I did not think that you were suffering as much as I see. Do you have a sheep?’ I said: ‘No.’ Then this Verse was revealed: “He must pay a Fidyah (ransom) of either fasting (three days) or giving Sadaqah (charity – feeding six poor persons) or offering sacrifice (one sheep).” [2:196] He said: ‘Fasting is three days, charity is to be given to six poor persons, giving each one half of a Sa’ of food, and the sacrifice is a sheep.’” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 3079)   

كَعْبٌ فِيَّ نَزَلَتْ وَكَانَ بِي أَذًى مِنْ رَأْسِي فَحُمِلْتُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَالْقَمْلُ يَتَنَاثَرُ عَلَى وَجْهِي فَقَالَ «مَا كُنْتُ أَرَى أَنَّ الْجَهْدَ بَلَغَ بِكَ مَا أَرَى أَتَجِدُ شَاةً؟» قَالَ لَا فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {فَفِدْيَةٌ مِنْ صِيَامٍ أَوْ صَدَقَةٍ أَوْ نُسُكٍ} [البقرة 196] فَالصَّوْمُ ثَلَاثَةُ أَيَّامٍ وَالصَّدَقَةُ عَلَى سِتَّةِ مَسَاكِينَ لِكُلِّ مِسْكِينٍ نِصْفُ صَاعٍ وَالنُّسُكُ شَاةٌ  

There was revealed the verse of Tamattu' in Hajj in the Book of Allah and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded us to perform it. and then no verse was revealed abrogating the Tamattu' (form of Hajj), and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not forbid to do it till he died. So whatever a person said was his personal opinion. (Using translation from Muslim 1226i)   

نَزَلَتْ آيَةُ الْمُتْعَةِ يَعْنِي مُتْعَةَ الْحَجِّ فِي كِتَابِ اللهِ وَأَمَرَ بِهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَمْ تَنْزِلْ آيَةٌ تَنْسَخُ آيَةَ مُتْعَةِ الْحَجِّ وَلَمْ يَنْهَ عَنْهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حَتَّى مَاتَ قَالَ رَجُلٌ بِرَأْيِهِ مَا شَاءَ  

[Machine] In His saying, "And take provisions, but indeed, the best provision is Taqwa (consciousness of Allah)" (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:197). He said, there were people who performed Hajj without provisions, so this verse was revealed, "And take provisions, but indeed, the best provision is Taqwa (consciousness of Allah)" (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:197).  

فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى {§وَتَزَوَّدُوا فَإِنَّ خَيْرَ الزَّادِ التَّقْوَى} [البقرة 197] قَالَ كَانَ نَاسٌ يَحُجُّونَ بِغَيْرِ زَادٍ فَنَزَلَتْ {وَتَزَوَّدُوا فَإِنَّ خَيْرَ الزَّادِ التَّقْوَى} [البقرة 197]  

"The Quraish used to stand in Al-Muzdalifah and they called themselves Al-Hums, and the rest of Arabs stood in Arafat. Then Allah, Blessed and Most High, commanded his Prophet to stand in Arafat, and then move on from there. Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, revealed: 'Then depart from the place whence all the people depart.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3012)  

كَانَتْ قُرَيْشٌ تَقِفُ بِالْمُزْدَلِفَةِ وَيُسَمَّوْنَ الْحُمْسَ وَسَائِرُ الْعَرَبِ تَقِفُ بِعَرَفَةَ فَأَمَرَ اللهُ نَبِيَّهُ ﷺ أَنْ يَقِفَ بِعَرَفَةَ ثُمَّ يَدْفَعُ مِنْهَا فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ تَعَالَى {ثُمَّ أَفِيضُوا مِنْ حَيْثُ أَفَاضَ النَّاسُ} [البقرة 199]  

[Machine] Qatadah asked Anas, "Which supplication did the Messenger of Allah ﷺ make most frequently?" Anas replied, "The supplication he made most frequently was, 'O Allah, give us goodness in this world and goodness in the Hereafter and protect us from the punishment of the Fire.'"  

سَأَلَ قَتَادَةُ أَنَسًا أَيَّةُ دَعْوَةٍ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَدْعُو بِهَا أَكْثَرَ؟ فَقَالَ كَانَ يَدْعُو أَكْثَرَ مَا يَدْعُو بِهَذَا الْقَوْلِ اللهُمَّ آتِنَا فِي الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةً وَفِي الْآخِرَةِ حَسَنَةً وَقِنَا عَذَابَ النَّارِ  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The most hated person in the sight of Allah, is the most quarrelsome person." (Using translation from Bukhārī 7188)  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «أَبْغَضُ الرِّجَالِ إِلَى اللهِ الْأَلَدُّ الْخَصِمُ»  

"When one of their womenfolk menstruated, the Jews would not eat or drink with them, nor mix with them in their houses. They asked the Prophet of Allah ﷺ about that, and Allah the Mighty and Sublime revealed: The ask you concerning menstruation. Say: 'That is an Adha (a harmful thing).'[2] So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded them to eat and drink with them (menstruating women) and to mix with them in their houses, and to do everything with them except intercourse. The Jews said: 'The Messenger of Allah ﷺ does not leave anything against it.' Usaid bin Hudair and 'Abbad bin Bishr went and told the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and they said: 'Should we have intercourse with them when they are menstruating?' The expression of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ changed greatly until we thought that he was angry with them, and they left. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ received a gift of milk, so he sent someone to bring them back and he gave them some to drink, so they knew that he was not angry with them." [1] Al-Baqarah 2:222. [2] Al-Baqarah 2:222. (Using translation from Nasāʾī 288)   

كَانَتِ الْيَهُودُ إِذَا حَاضَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ مِنْهُمْ لَمْ يُؤَاكِلُوهُنَّ وَلَمْ يُشَارِبُوهُنَّ وَلَمْ يُجَامِعُوهُنَّ فِي الْبُيُوتِ فَسَأَلُوا النَّبِيَّ ﷺ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ تَعَالَى {وَيَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْمَحِيضِ} [البقرة 222] قُلْ هُوَ أَذًى فَاعْتَزِلُوا النِّسَاءَ فِي الْمَحِيضِ فَأَمَرَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ يُؤَاكِلُوهُنَّ وَأَنْ يُشَارِبُوهُنَّ وَأَنْ يُجَامِعُوهُنَّ فِي الْبُيُوتِ وَأَنْ يَصْنَعُوا بِهِنَّ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ مَا خَلَا النِّكَاحَ  

[Machine] That he should take her on a journey, then divorce her in a way that he can take her back, so he left her until her waiting period ended, and another suitor proposed to her. So I said, "You proposed to my sister, but I prevented her and chose you over her. You divorced her after her waiting period ended, and now you come to propose to her?" He said, "No, by Allah, whom there is no deity but Him, I will not marry both of you." Then this verse was revealed: "And when you divorce women and they have fulfilled their term, do not prevent them from remarrying their [former] husbands if they agree among themselves in an acceptable manner" [Surah Al-Baqarah 232]. So I said, "I accept and obey," and I married her.  

أَنْ يَصْطَحِبَا ثُمَّ طَلَّقَهَا طَلَاقًا لَهُ عَلَيْهَا رَجْعَةٌ فَتَرَكَهَا حَتَّى انْقَضَتْ عِدَّتُهَا وَخَطَبَهَا الْخُطَّابُ جَاءَ فَخَطَبَهَا فَقُلْتُ يَا لُكَعُ خُطِبَتْ أُخْتِي فَمَنَعْتُهَا النَّاسَ وَآثَرْتُكَ بِهَا طَلَّقْتَهَا فَلَمَّا انْقَضَتْ عِدَّتُهَا جِئْتَ تَخْطُبُهَا؟ لَا وَاللهِ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ لَا أُزَوِّجُكُمَا فَفِيَّ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {وَإِذَا طَلَّقْتُمُ النِّسَاءَ فَبَلَغْنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ فَلَا تَعْضُلُوهُنَّ أَنْ يَنْكِحْنَ أَزْوَاجَهُنَّ إِذَا تَرَاضَوْا} [البقرة 232] فَقُلْتُ سَمْعًا وَطَاعَةً كَفَّرْتُ عَنْ يَمِينِي وَأَنْكَحْتُهَا  

[Machine] I married my sister to one of us, but he divorced her. When her waiting period ended, he proposed to her and she accepted. So I said to him, "I married her to you and gave you preference, then you divorced her. She will not return to you." Then the verse was revealed: "And when you divorce women and they have fulfilled their term, do not prevent them from remarrying their [former] husbands if they agree among themselves on an acceptable basis." [Quran 2:232] So I said to him, "Certainly, she will return to you."  

زَوَّجْتُ أُخْتِي رَجُلًا مِنَّا فَطَلَّقَهَا فَلَمَّا انْقَضَتِ الْعِدَّةُ خَطَبَهَا إِلَيَّ وَوَافَقَهَا ذَلِكَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ زَوَّجْتُكَ وَآثَرْتُكَ ثُمَّ طَلَّقْتَهَا مَا هِيَ بِالَّتِي تَعُودُ إِلَيْكَ فَنَزَلَتْ {وَإِذَا طَلَّقْتُمُ النِّسَاءَ فَبَلَغْنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ فَلَا تَعْضُلُوهُنَّ أَنْ يَنْكِحْنَ أَزْوَاجَهُنَّ إِذَا تَرَاضَوْا بَيْنَهُمْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ} [البقرة 232] فَقُلْتُ لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ أَمَا إِنَّهَا سَتَعُودُ إِلَيْكَ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ was occupied and did not pray Asr until he prayed it between Maghrib and Isha prayers, so he said, "They have occupied us from performing the mid-afternoon prayer, may Allah fill their homes and graves with fire."  

شَغَلُوا النَّبِيَّ ﷺ عَنْ صَلَاةِ الْعَصْرِ حَتَّى صَلَّاهَا بَيْنَ صَلَاتَيِ الْعِشَاءِ فَقَالَ «شَغَلُونَا عَنْ صَلَاةِ الْوُسْطَى مَلَأَ اللهُ بُيُوتَهُمْ وَقُبُورَهُمْ نَارًا»  

"Aishah told me to copy a Mushaf for her, and she said: 'When you reach this verse, call my attention: Guard strictly the Salawat especially the middle (Al-Wusta) Salah. [1] When I reached it, I called her attention and she dictated to me: 'Guard strictly the Salawat expecially the middle (Al-Wusta) Salah and the 'Asr prayer, and stand before Allah with obedience.' Then she said: 'I heard it from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.'" [1] Al-Baqarah 2:238. (Using translation from Nasāʾī 472)  

عَنْ أَبِي يُونُسَ مَوْلَى عَائِشَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ أَمَرَتْنِي عَائِشَةُ أَنْ أَكْتُبَ لَهَا مُصْحَفًا وَقَالَتْ إِذَا بَلَغْتَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ فَآذِنِّي {حَافِظُوا عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ وَالصَّلَاةِ الْوُسْطَى} [البقرة 238] فَلَمَّا بَلَغْتُهَا آذَنْتُهَا فَأَمْلَتْ عَلَيَّ حَافِظُوا عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ وَالصَّلَاةِ الْوُسْطَى وَصَلَاةِ الْعَصْرِ وَقُومُوا لِلَّهِ قَانِتِينَ ثُمَّ قَالَتْ سَمِعْتُهَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ  

We used to speak while in prayer. One of us used to speak to his brother (while in prayer) about his need, till the Verse was revealed:-- "Guard strictly the (five obligatory) prayers, especially the middle (the Best) (ʿAsr) Prayer and stand before Allah with obedience (and not to speak to others during the prayers)." Then we were ordered not to speak in the prayers. (Using translation from Bukhārī 4534)   

كُنَّا فِي عَهْدِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ يُكَلِّمُ أَحَدُنَا صَاحِبَهُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ فِي حَاجَتِهِ حَتَّى نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {حَافِظُوا عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ وَالصَّلَاةِ الْوُسْطَى وَقُومُوا لِلَّهِ قَانِتِينَ} [البقرة 238] فَأُمِرْنَا حِينَئِذٍ بِالسُّكُوتِ  

[Machine] The woman from the Ansar had no children, so she made a vow that if she had a child, she would dedicate them to worship. When the Ansar embraced Islam, they asked, "What should we do with our children?" Then this verse was revealed: "There is no compulsion in religion." [Surah Al-Baqarah: 256]  

كَانَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ لَا يَكُونُ لَهَا وَلَدٌ تَجْعَلُ عَلَى نَفْسِهَا لَئِنْ كَانَ لَهَا وَلَدٌ لَتُهَوِّدَنَّهُ فَلَمَّا أَسْلَمَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ قَالُوا كَيْفَ نَصْنَعُ بِأَبْنَائِنَا؟ فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {لَا إِكْرَاهَ فِي الدِّينِ} [البقرة 256]  

When the children of a woman (in pre-Islamic days) did not survive, she took a vow on herself that if her child survives, she would convert it a Jew. When Banu an-Nadir were expelled (from Arabia), there were some children of the Ansar (Helpers) among them. They said: We shall not leave our children. So Allah the Exalted revealed; "Let there be no compulsion in religion. Truth stands out clear from error." Abu Dawud said: Muqlat means a woman whose children do not survive. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2682)  

كَانَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ تَجْعَلُ عَلَى نَفْسِهَا إِنْ عَاشَ لَهَا وَلَدٌ أَنْ تُهَوِّدَهُ فَلَمَّا أُجْلِيَتْ بَنُو النَّضِيرِ كَانَ فِيهِمْ مِنْ أَبْنَاءِ الْأَنْصَارِ قَالُوا لَا نَدَعُ أَبْنَاءَنَا فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ ﷻ {لَا إِكْرَاهَ فِي الدِّينِ قَدْ تَبَيَّنَ الرُّشْدُ مِنَ الْغَيِّ} [البقرة 256]  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "We are more liable to be in doubt than Abraham when he said, 'My Lord! Show me how You give life to the dead." . He (i.e. Allah) slid: 'Don't you believe then?' He (i.e. Abraham) said: "Yes, but (I ask) in order to be stronger in Faith." (2.260) And may Allah send His Mercy on Lot! He wished to have a powerful support. If I were to stay in prison for such a long time as Joseph did I would have accepted the offer (of freedom without insisting on having my guiltless less declared). (Using translation from Bukhārī 3372)   

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ رَحِمَ اللهُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ نَحْنُ أَحَقُّ بِالشَّكِّ مِنْهُ قَالَ {رَبِّ أَرِنِي كَيْفَ تُحْيِي الْمَوْتَى قَالَ أَوَلَمْ تُؤْمِنْ قَالَ بَلَى وَلَكِنْ لِيَطْمَئِنَّ قَلْبِي} [البقرة 260] فَذَكَرَ الْآيَةَ «وَيَرْحَمُ اللهُ لُوطًا كَانَ يَأْوِي إِلَى رُكْنٍ شَدِيدٍ وَلَوْ لَبِثْتُ فِي السِّجْنِ مَا لَبِثَ يُوسُفُ ثُمَّ جَاءَنِي الدَّاعِي لَأَجَبْتُهُ»  

that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Indeed the Shaitan has an effect on the son of Adam, and the angel also has en effect. As for the Shaitan, it is by threatening evil repercussions and rejecting the truth. As for the effect of the angel, it is by his promise of a good end and believing in the truth. Whoever finds that, let him know that it is from Allah, and let him praise Allah for it. Whoever finds the other then let him seek refuge with Allah from the Shaitan (the outcast) then recite: Shaitan threatens you with poverty and orders you to commit Fahisha (2:268)." (Using translation from Tirmidhī 2988)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّ لِلشَّيْطَانِ لِمَّةً وَلِلْمَلَكِ لِمَّةً فَأَمَّا لِمَّةُ الشَّيْطَانِ فَإِيعَادٌ بِالشَّرِّ وَتَكْذِيبٌ بِالْحَقِّ وَأَمَّا لِمَّةُ الْمَلَكِ فَإِيعَادٌ بِالْخَيْرِ وَتَصْدِيقٌ بِالْحَقِّ فَمَنْ وَجَدَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَلْيَعْلَمْ أَنَّهُ مِنَ اللهِ فَلْيَحْمَدِ اللهَ وَمَنْ وَجَدَ مِنَ الْآخَرِ فَلْيَتَعَوَّذْ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ {الشَّيْطَانُ يَعِدُكُمُ الْفَقْرَ وَيَأْمُرُكُمْ بِالْفَحْشَاءِ وَاللهُ يَعِدُكُمْ مَغْفِرَةً مِنْهُ وَفَضْلًا} [البقرة 268]  

Not upon you, [O Muhammad], is [responsibility for] their guidance, but Allah guides whom He wills. And whatever good you [believers] spend is for yourselves, and you do not spend except seeking the countenance of Allah. And whatever you spend of good - it will be fully repaid to you, and you will not be wronged. (Using translation from Qurʾān 2:272)   

أَنْ يَرْضَخُوا لِأَنْسِبَائِهِمْ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَسَأَلُوا فَرَضَخَ لَهُمْ فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {لَيْسَ عَلَيْكَ هَدَاهُمْ وَلَكِنَّ اللهَ يَهْدِي مَنْ يَشَاءُ وَمَا تُنْفِقُوا مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَلِأَنْفُسِكُمْ وَمَا تُنْفِقُونَ إِلَّا ابْتِغَاءَ وَجْهِ اللهِ وَمَا تُنْفِقُوا مِنْ خَيْرٍ يُوَفَ إِلَيْكُمْ وَأَنْتُمْ لَا تُظْلَمُونَ} [البقرة 272]  

Miskin is not he who is dismissed with one or two dates, and with one morsel or two morsels. (In fact) miskin is he who abstains (from begging). Read if you so desire (the verse):" They beg not of men importunately)" (ii. 273). (Using translation from Muslim 1039b)  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَيْسَ الْمِسْكِينُ الَّذِي تَرُدُّهُ التَّمْرَةُ وَالتَّمْرَتَانِ وَاللُّقْمَةُ وَاللُّقْمَتَانِ إِنَّ الْمِسْكِينَ الْمُتَعَفِّفُ اقْرَءُوا إِنْ شِئْتُمْ {لَا يَسْأَلُونَ النَّاسَ إِلْحَافًا} [البقرة 273]  

[Machine] Did the Prophet ﷺ curse the eater of usury, its organizer, its witnesses, and its writer? He said, "Yes, the eater of usury and its organizer." I said, "And its witnesses and its writer?" He said, "We only speak of what we have heard."  

لَعَنَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ آكِلَ الرِّبَا وَمُوكِلَهُ وَشَاهِدَيْهِ وَكَاتِبَهُ؟ قَالَ آكِلَ الرِّبَا وَمُوكِلَهُ قُلْتُ وَشَاهِدَيْهِ وَكَاتِبَهُ؟ قَالَ إِنَّمَا نُحَدِّثُ بِمَا سَمِعْنَا  

[Machine] "When the later verses of Surah Al-Baqarah were revealed, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ went to the mosque and recited them there, and also prohibited trade in alcohol." The wording is attributed to Mahmood.  

«لَمَّا نَزَلَتِ الْآيَاتُ الْأَوَاخِرُ مِنْ سُورَةِ الْبَقَرَةِ خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ فَقَرَأَهُنَّ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ وَحَرَّمَ التِّجَارَةَ فِي الْخَمْرِ» وَاللَّفْظُ لِمَحْمُودٍ  

"When the Verses of Riba were revealed, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood up on the Minbar and recited them to the people, then he forbade dealing in wine." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4665)  

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ «لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ آيَاتُ الرِّبَا قَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ فَتَلَاهُنَّ عَلَى النَّاسِ ثُمَّ حَرَّمَ التِّجَارَةَ فِي الْخَمْرِ»  

[Machine] The last thing revealed from the Quran is "And fear a Day when you will be returned to Allah" [Surah Al-Baqarah 281].  

آخِرُ شَيْءٍ نَزَلَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ {وَاتَّقُوا يَوْمًا تُرْجَعُونَ فِيهِ إِلَى اللهِ} [البقرة 281]  

[Machine] "From Ibn Abbas regarding his saying: 'And fear a Day when you will be returned to Allah. Then every soul will be compensated for what it earned, and they will not be wronged.' [Quran 2:281] Indeed, it is the last verse revealed to the Messenger of Allah."  

عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ {وَاتَّقُوا يَوْمًا تُرْجَعُونَ فِيهِ إِلَى اللهِ ثُمَّ تُوَفَّى كُلُّ نَفْسٍ مَا كَسَبَتْ وَهُمْ لَا يُظْلَمُونَ} [البقرة 281] إِنَّهَا آخِرُ آيَةٍ أُنْزِلَتْ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ  

When this verse:" Whether you disclose that which is in your mind or conceal it, Allah will call you to account according to it" (ii 284), there entered in their minds something (of that fear) such as had never entered their hearts (before). The Apostle ﷺ observed: Say: We have heard and obeyed and submitted ourselves. He (the reporter) said: Allah instilled faith in their hearts and He revealed this verse:" Allah burdens not a soul beyond its capacity. It gets every good that it earns and it suffers every ill that it earns. Our Lord, call us not to account if we forget or make a mistake. He the (Lord) said: I indeed did it. Our Lord! do not lay on us a burden as Thou didst lay on those before us. He (our Lord) said: I indeed did it. And pardon us, have mercy on us. Thou art our Protector" (ii. 286). He said: I indeed did it. (Using translation from Muslim 126)   

لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {وَإِنْ تُبْدُوا مَا فِي أَنْفُسِكُمْ أَوْ تُخْفُوهُ يُحَاسِبْكُمْ بِهِ اللهُ} [البقرة 284] دَخَلَ قُلُوبَهُمْ مِنْهَا شَيْءٌ لَمْ يَدْخُلْهُ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ قُولُوا سَمِعْنَا وَأَطَعْنَا وَسَلَّمْنَا فَأَلْقَى اللهُ الْإِيمَانَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ ﷻ {آمَنَ الرَّسُولُ بِمَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ رَبِّهِ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ} [البقرة 285] الْآيَةُ {لَا يُكَلِّفُ اللهُ نَفْسًا إِلَّا وُسْعَهَا لَهَا مَا كَسَبَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا مَا اكْتَسَبَتْ رَبَّنَا لَا تُؤَاخِذْنَا إِنْ نَسِينَا أَوْ أَخْطَأْنَا} [البقرة 286] قَالَ قَدْ فَعَلْتُ {رَبَّنَا وَلَا تَحْمِلْ عَلَيْنَا إِصْرًا كَمَا حَمَلْتَهُ عَلَى الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِنَا} [البقرة 286] قَالَ قَدْ فَعَلْتُ {رَبَّنَا وَلَا تُحَمِّلْنَا مَا لَا طَاقَةَ لَنَا بِهِ وَاعْفُ عَنَّا وَاغْفِرْ لَنَا وَارْحَمْنَا أَنْتَ مَوْلَانَا فَانْصُرْنَا عَلَى الْقَوْمِ الْكَافِرِينَ} [البقرة 286] قَالَ قَدْ فَعَلْتُ  

When a man has intercourse with his wife through the vagina but being on her back. the child will have squint, so the verse came down:" Your wives are your tilth; go then unto your tilth as you may desire" (ii. 223) (Using translation from Muslim 1435a)   

كَانَتِ الْيَهُودُ تَقُولُ فِي الرَّجُلِ يَأْتِي امْرَأَتَهُ مِنْ قِبَلِ دُبُرِهَا فِي قُبُلِهَا إِنَّ الْوَلَدَ يَكُونُ أَحْوَلَ فَنَزَلَتْ {نِسَاؤُكُمْ حَرْثٌ لَكُمْ فَأْتُوا حَرْثَكُمْ أَنَّى شِئْتُمْ} [البقرة 223]  

[Machine] The Jews said, "When a man approaches his wife from behind, it is as if he is sowing a seed." So Allah revealed, "Your wives are a tilth for you, so approach your tilth whenever you like." He (the Prophet) said (standing and sitting and also receiving marriage rewards) that this could be done after entering the mabāth (i.e., vagina).  

قَالَتِ الْيَهُودُ إِذَا أَتَى الرَّجُلُ امْرَأَتَهُ مِنْ قِبَلِ دُبُرِهَا كَانَ الْحَوَلُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى {نِسَاؤُكُمْ حَرْثٌ لَكُمْ فَأَتَوْا} [البقرة 223] قَالَ قَائِمًا وَقَاعِدًا وَبَارِكًا بَعْدَ أَنْ يَكُونَ فِي الْمَأْتَى  

"'Umar came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said: 'O Messenger of Allah! I am ruined!' He said: 'Why are you ruined?' He said: 'I turned my mount during the night (meaning that he went into his wife from behind).'" He said: "So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not say anything in reply to him. Then Allah revealed this Ayah to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ: 'Your wives are a tilth for you, so go to your tilth when or how you will (2:223).' From the front, the back, avoiding the anus, and menstruation." (Using translation from Tirmidhī 2980)   

جَاءَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ هَلَكْتُ قَالَ «وَمَا الَّذِي أَهْلَكَكَ؟» قَالَ حَوَّلْتُ رَحْلِي اللَّيْلَةَ فَلَمْ يَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِ شَيْئًا قَالَ فَأُوحِيَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {نِسَاؤُكُمْ حَرْثٌ لَكُمْ فَأْتُوا حَرْثَكُمْ أَنَّى شِئْتُمْ} [البقرة 223] يَقُولُ أَقْبِلْ وَأَدْبِرْ وَاتَّقِ الدَّبَرَ وَالْحَيْضَةَ  

"I was sitting with some people in Al-Kufah in a large gathering of the Ansar, among whom was 'Abdur-Rahman bin Abi Laila. They spoke about the story of Subai'ah and I mentioned what 'Abdullah bin 'Utbah bin Mas'ud had said in meaning." (One of the narrators) Ibn 'Awn's saying was: "when she gives birth." Ibn Abi Layla said: 'But his (paternal) uncle did not say that.' I raised my voice and said: 'Would I dare to tell lies about 'Abdullah bin 'Utbah when he is in the vicinity of Al-Kufah?'" He said: "Then I met Malik and said: 'What did Ibn Mas'ud say about the story of Subai'ah?' He said: 'He said: "Are you going to be too strict with her and not allow her the concession (with regard to the 'Iddah)? The shorter Surah about women (At-Talaq) was revealed after the longer one (Al-Baqarah)."'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3521)  

قَالَ «أَتَجْعَلُونَ عَلَيْهَا التَّغْلِيظَ وَلَا تَجْعَلُونَ لَهَا الرُّخْصَةَ لَأُنْزِلَتْ سُورَةُ النِّسَاءِ الْقُصْرَى بَعْدَ الطُّولَى»  

"Should I return to my people, for he did not leave any dwelling house of his own and maintenance for me? She said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ replied: Yes. She said: I came out, and when I was in the apartment or in the mosque, he called for me, or he commanded (someone to call me) and, therefore, I was called. He said: what did you say? So I repeated my story which I had already mentioned about my husband. Thereupon he said: Stay in your house till the term lapses. She said: So I passed my waiting period in it (her house) for four months and ten days. When Uthman ibn Affan became caliph, he sent for me and asked me about that; so I informed him, and he followed it and decided cases accordingly. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2300)   

أَنَّهَا جَاءَتْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ تَسْأَلُهُ أَتَرْجِعُ إِلَى أَهْلِهَا بَنِي خُدْرَةَ فَإِنَّ زَوْجَهَا خَرَجَ فِي طَلَبِ أَعْبُدٍ لَهُ أَبَقُوا حَتَّى إِذَا كَانُوا فِي طَرَفِ الْقَدُومِ لَحِقَهُمْ فَقَتَلُوهُ قَالَتْ فَسَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ أَرْجِعَ إِلَى أَهْلِي فَإِنَّ زَوْجِي لَمْ يَتْرُكْنِي فِي مَسْكَنٍ يَمْلِكُهُ وَلَا نَفَقَةٍ قَالَتْ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «نَعَمْ» فَخَرَجْتُ حَتَّى إِذَا كُنْتُ فِي الْحُجْرَةِ أَوْ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ دَعَانِي أَوْ أَمْرَ بِي فَدُعِيتُ فَقَالَ «كَيْفَ قُلْتِ؟» قَالَتْ فَرَدَدْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ «امْكُثِي فِي بَيْتِكِ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ الْكِتَابُ أَجَلَهُ» فَاعْتَدَدْتُ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا فَلَمَّا كَانَ عُثْمَانُ أَرْسَلَ إِلَيَّ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ فَاتَّبَعَهُ وَقَضَى بِهِ  

Zainab bint Abu Salama told me these three narrations: Zainab said: I went to Um Habiba, the wife of the Prophet ﷺ when her father, Abu- Sufyan bin Herb had died. Um ,Habiba asked for a perfume which contained yellow scent (Khaluq) or some other scent, and she first perfumed one of the girls with it and then rubbed her cheeks with it and said, "By Allah, I am not in need of perfume, but I have heard Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, 'It is not lawful for a lady who believes in Allah and the Last Day to mourn for a dead person for more than three days unless he is her husband for whom she should mourn for four months and ten days.'" (Using translation from Bukhārī 5334)   

دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أُمِّ حَبِيبَةَ حِينَ تُوُفِّيَ أَبُوهَا أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَدَعَتْ بِطِيبٍ فَدَهَنَتْ مِنْهُ جَارِيَةً ثُمَّ مَسَّتْ بِعَارِضَيْهَا ثُمَّ قَالَتْ وَاللهِ مَا لِي بِالطِّيبِ مِنْ حَاجَةٍ غَيْرَ أَنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «لَا يَحِلُّ لِامْرَأَةٍ تُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ أَنْ تُحِدَّ عَلَى مَيِّتٍ فَوْقَ ثَلَاثٍ إِلَّا عَلَى زَوْجٍ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Adam and Musa (peace be upon them) disputed, and Musa said to Adam, "O Adam, Allah created you with His own hand and breathed into you from His soul, then He said to you, 'Be,' and you became. Then He commanded the angels to prostrate before you, and they prostrated. Then He said to you and your wife, 'Dwell in Paradise and eat from it wherever you please, but do not approach this tree, lest you become of the wrongdoers.' So did you disobey your Lord by approaching this tree?" Adam ﷺ replied, "O Musa, did you not know that Allah, the Most High, had predestined this for me before He created me?" The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Indeed, Adam argued with Musa, indeed Adam argued with Musa, indeed Adam argued with Musa."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ احْتَجَّ آدَمُ وَمُوسَى عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ فَقَالَ لَهُ مُوسَى يَا آدَمُ خَلَقَكَ اللهُ بِيَدِهِ وَنَفَخَ فِيكَ مِنْ رُوحِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَكَ كُنْ فَكُنْتَ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ الْمَلَائِكَةَ فَسَجَدُوا لَكَ ثُمَّ قَالَ اسْكُنْ أَنْتَ وَزَوْجُكَ الْجَنَّةَ فَكُلَا مِنْهَا حَيْثُ شِئْتُمْ رَغَدًا وَلَا تَقْرَبَا هَذِهِ الشَّجَرَةَ فَتَكُونَا مِنَ الظَّالِمِينَ فَنَهَاكَ عَنْ شَجَرَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ فَعَصَيْتَ رَبَّكَ؟ فَقَالَ آدَمُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَا مُوسَى أَلَمْ تَعْلَمْ أَنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى قَدَّرَ عَلَيَّ هَذَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَخْلُقَنِي؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «لَقَدْ حَجَّ آدَمُ مُوسَى لَقَدْ حَجَّ آدَمُ مُوسَى لَقَدْ حَجَّ آدَمُ مُوسَى»  

[Machine] Abu Jahl said, "If I see Muhammad praying by the Kaaba, I will step on his neck." So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "If he does so, the angels will seize him openly, and if the Jews wished for death, they would die and see their seats in the Hellfire. And if those who challenge the Messenger of Allah ﷺ were to leave, they would not find wealth or family."  

قَالَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ لَئِنْ رَأَيْتُ مُحَمَّدًا يُصَلِّي عِنْدَ الْكَعْبَةِ أَتَيْتُهُ حَتَّى أَطَأَ عَلَى عُنُقِهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «لَوْ فَعَلَ أَخَذَتْهُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ عَيَانًا وَإِنَّ الْيَهُودَ لَوْ تَمَنَّوَا الْمَوْتَ لَمَاتُوا وَرَأَوْا مَقَاعِدَهُمْ مِنَ النَّارِ وَلَوْ خَرَجَ الَّذِينَ يُبَاهِلُونَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ لَرَجَعُوا لَا يَجِدُونَ مَالًا وَلَا أَهْلًا»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever swears an oath to take something unlawfully, and then meets Allah while He is angry with him and his oath is contradicted by the Book of Allah, 'Indeed, those who exchange the covenant of Allah and their [own] oaths for a small price - those will have no share in the Hereafter' [Quran 3:77]." Then Ash'ath ibn Qays came and asked, "What is Abu Abdur Rahman telling you?" We replied, "So and so." He said, "By Allah, this verse was revealed about me and another person. We had a dispute and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'Bring your witnesses or take an oath.' I said, 'Then he will swear.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'Whoever swears an oath to take something unlawfully, and he is lying in it, when he meets Allah, He will be Angry with him.'" Then Allah revealed the verse.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ يَقْطَعُ بِهَا مَالًا لَقِيَ اللهَ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِ غَضْبَانُ وَتَصْدِيقُهُ فِي كِتَابِ اللهِ {إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَشْتَرُونَ بِعَهْدِ اللهِ وَأَيْمَانِهِمْ ثَمَنًا قَلِيلًا أُولَئِكَ لَا خَلَاقَ لَهُمْ فِي الْآخِرَةِ} [آل عمران 77] فَجَاءَ الْأَشْعَثُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ فَقَالَ مَا يُحَدِّثُكُمْ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ؟ فَقُلْنَا كَذَا وَكَذَا فَقَالَ وَاللهِ لَأُنْزِلَتْ فِيَّ وَفِي فُلَانٍ كَانَتْ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ خُصُومَةٌ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «شُهُودَكَ أَوْ يَمِينَهُ» قُلْتُ إِذَنْ يَحْلِفُ قَالَ «مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ يَقْطَعُ بِهَا مَالًا وَهُوَ فِيهَا كَاذِبٌ لَقِيَ اللهَ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِ غَضْبَانُ» وَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ ﷻ الْآيَةَ  

[Machine] Ibn Mas'ud said, "This verse was revealed: 'Indeed, those who exchange the covenant of Allah and their [own] oaths for a small price' (Quran 3:77), until the end of the verse. Then, nothing abrogated it. So, whoever unjustly takes the wealth of a Muslim by his oath, he is from the people of this verse."  

قَالَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَشْتَرُونَ بِعَهْدِ اللهِ وَأَيْمَانِهِمْ ثَمَنًا قَلِيلًا} [آل عمران 77] إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَنْسَخْهَا شَيْءٌ فَمَنِ اقْتَطَعَ مَالَ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ بِيَمِينِهِ فَهُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ wrote to Caesar and invited him to Islam and sent him his letter with Dihya Al-Kalbi whom Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered to hand it over to the Governor of Busra who would forward it to Caesar. Caesar as a sign of gratitude to Allah, had walked from Hims to Ilya (i.e. Jerusalem) when Allah had granted Him victory over the Persian forces. So, when the letter of Messenger of Allah ﷺ reached Caesar, he said after reading it, 'Seek for me any one of his people! (Arabs of Quraish tribe) if present here, in order to ask him about Messenger of Allah ﷺ. At that time Abu Sufyan bin Harb was in Sham with some men from Quraish who had come (to Sham) as merchants during the truce that had been concluded between Messenger of Allah ﷺ; and the infidels of Quraish. Abu Sufyan said, Caesar's messenger found us somewhere in Sham so he took me and my companions to Ilya and we were admitted into Ceasar's court to find him sitting in his royal court wearing a crown and surrounded by the senior dignitaries of the Byzantine. He said to his translator. 'Ask them who amongst them is a close relation to the man who claims to be a prophet." Abu Sufyan added, "I replied, 'I am the nearest relative to him.' He asked, 'What degree of relationship do you have with him?' I replied, 'He is my cousin,' and there was none of Bani Abu Manaf in the caravan except myself. Caesar said, 'Let him come nearer.' He then ordered that my companions stand behind me near my shoulder and said to his translator, 'Tell his companions that I am going to ask this man about the man who claims to be a prophet. If he tells a lie, they should contradict him immediately." Abu Sufyan added, "By Allah! Had it not been shameful that my companions label me a liar, I would not have spoken the truth about him when he asked me. But I considered it shameful to be called a liar by my companions. So I told the truth. He then said to his translator, 'Ask him what kind of family does he belong to.' I replied, 'He belongs to a noble family amongst us.' He said, 'Have anybody else amongst you ever claimed the same before him? 'I replied, 'No.' He said, 'Had you ever blamed him for telling lies before he claimed what he claimed? ' I replied, 'No.' He said, 'Was anybody amongst his ancestors a king?' I replied, 'No.' He said, "Do the noble or the poor follow him?' I replied, 'It is the poor who follow him.' He said, 'Are they increasing or decreasing (day by day)?' I replied,' They are increasing.' He said, 'Does anybody amongst those who embrace his (the Prophet's) Religion become displeased and then discard his Religion?'. I replied, 'No. ' He said, 'Does he break his promises? I replied, 'No, but we are now at truce with him and we are afraid that he may betray us." Abu Sufyan added, "Other than the last sentence, I could not say anything against him. Caesar then asked, 'Have you ever had a war with him?' I replied, 'Yes.' He said, 'What was the outcome of your battles with him?' I replied, 'The result was unstable; sometimes he was victorious and sometimes we.' He said, 'What does he order you to do?' I said, 'He tells us to worship Allah alone, and not to worship others along with Him, and to leave all that our fore-fathers used to worship. He orders us to pray, give in charity, be chaste, keep promises and return what is entrusted to us.' When I had said that, Caesar said to his translator, 'Say to him: I ask you about his lineage and your reply was that he belonged to a noble family. In fact, all the apostles came from the noblest lineage of their nations. Then I questioned you whether anybody else amongst you had claimed such a thing, and your reply was in the negative. If the answer had been in the affirmative, I would have thought that this man was following a claim that had been said before him. When I asked you whether he was ever blamed for telling lies, your reply was in the negative, so I took it for granted that a person who did not tell a lie about (others) the people could never tell a lie about Allah. Then I asked you whether any of his ancestors was a king. Your reply was in the negative, and if it had been in the affirmative, I would have thought that this man wanted to take back his ancestral kingdom. When I asked you whether the rich or the poor people followed him, you replied that it was the poor who followed him. In fact, such are the followers of the apostles. Then I asked you whether his followers were increasing or decreasing. You replied that they were increasing. In fact, this is the result of true faith till it is complete (in all respects). I asked you whether there was anybody who, after embracing his religion, became displeased and discarded his religion; your reply was in the negative. In fact, this is the sign of true faith, for when its cheerfulness enters and mixes in the hearts completely, nobody will be displeased with it. I asked you whether he had ever broken his promise. You replied in the negative. And such are the apostles; they never break their promises. When I asked you whether you fought with him and he fought with you, you replied that he did, and that sometimes he was victorious and sometimes you. Indeed, such are the apostles; they are put to trials and the final victory is always theirs. Then I asked you what he ordered you. You replied that he ordered you to worship Allah alone and not to worship others along with Him, to leave all that your fore-fathers used to worship, to offer prayers, to speak the truth, to be chaste, to keep promises, and to return what is entrusted to you. These are really the qualities of a prophet who, I knew (from the previous Scriptures) would appear, but I did not know that he would be from amongst you. If what you say should be true, he will very soon occupy the earth under my feet, and if I knew that I would reach him definitely, I would go immediately to meet Him; and were I with him, then I would certainly wash his feet.' " Abu Sufyan added, "Caesar then asked for the letter of Messenger of Allah ﷺ and it was read. Its contents were: "In the name of Allah, the most Beneficent, the most Merciful (This letter is) from Muhammad, the slave of Allah, and His Apostle, to Heraculius, the Ruler of the Byzantine. Peace be upon the followers of guidance. Now then, I invite you to Islam (i.e. surrender to Allah), embrace Islam and you will be safe; embrace Islam and Allah will bestow on you a double reward. But if you reject this invitation of Islam, you shall be responsible for misguiding the tillers (i.e. your nation). O people of the Scriptures! Come to a word common to you and us and you, that we worship. None but Allah, and that we associate nothing in worship with Him; and that none of us shall take others as Lords besides Allah. Then if they turn away, say: Bear witness that we are (they who have surrendered (unto Him)..(3.64) Abu Sufyan added, "When Heraclius had finished his speech, there was a great hue and cry caused by the Byzantine Royalties surrounding him, and there was so much noise that I did not understand what they said. So, we were turned out of the court. When I went out with my companions and we were alone, I said to them, 'Verily, Ibn Abi Kabsha's (i.e. the Prophet's) affair has gained power. This is the King of Bani Al-Asfar fearing him." Abu Sufyan added, "By Allah, I remained low and was sure that his religion would be victorious till Allah converted me to Islam, though I disliked it." (Using translation from Bukhārī 2940)  

أَنَّهُ كَانَ بِالشَّامِ فِي رِجَالٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ قَدِمُوا تُجَّارًا فِي الْمُدَّةِ الَّتِي كَانَتْ بَيْنَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَبَيْنَ كُفَّارِ قُرَيْشٍ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَوَجَدْنَا رَسُولَ قَيْصَرَ بِبَعْضِ الشَّامِ فَانْطَلَقَ بِي وَبِأَصْحَابِي حَتَّى قَدِمْنَا إِيلِيَاءَ فَأُدْخِلْنَا عَلَيْهِ فَإِذَا هُوَ جَالِسٌ فِي مَجْلِسِ مِلْكِهِ وَعَلَيْهِ التَّاجُ وَحَوْلَهُ عُلَمَاءُ الرُّومِ فَقَالَ لِتَرْجُمَانِهِ سَلْهُمْ أَيُّهُمْ أَقْرَبُ نَسَبًا إِلَى هَذَا الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ أَنَا أَقْرَبُهُمْ إِلَيْهِ نَسَبًا فَقَالَ مَا قَرَابَةُ مَا بَيْنَكَ وَبَيْنَهُ؟ فَقُلْتُ هُوَ ابْنُ عَمِّي قَالَ وَلَيْسَ فِي الرَّكْبِ يَوْمَئِذٍ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ غَيْرِي قَالَ فَقَالَ قَيْصَرُ أَدْنُوهُ مِنِّي ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِأَصْحَابِي فَجُعِلُوا خَلْفَ ظَهْرِي عِنْدَ كَتِفِي ثُمَّ قَالَ لِتَرْجُمَانِهِ قُلْ لِأَصْحَابِهِ إِنِّي سَائِلٌ هَذَا عَنْ هَذَا الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ فَإِنْ كَذَبَ فَكَذِّبُوهُ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ وَاللهِ لَوْلَا الْحَيَاءُ يَوْمَئِذٍ أَنْ يَأْثِرَ عَلَيَّ أَصْحَابِي الْكَذِبَ لَحَدَّثْتُهُ عَنْهُ حِينَ سَأَلَنِي وَلَكِنِ اسْتَحْيَيْتُ أَنْ يَأْثِرُوا عَلَيَّ الْكَذِبَ فَصَدَقَتُهُ عَنْهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِتَرْجُمَانِهِ قُلْ لَهُ كَيْفَ نَسَبُ هَذَا الرَّجُلِ فِيكُمْ؟ قُلْتُ هُوَ فِينَا ذُو نَسَبٍ قَالَ فَقَالَ هَلْ قَالَ هَذَا الْقَوْلَ مِنْكُمْ أَحَدٌ قَبْلَهُ؟ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ فَهَلْ كُنْتُمْ تَتَّهِمُونَهُ بِالْكَذِبِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقُولَ مَا قَالَ؟ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ فَهَلْ كَانَ مِنْ آبَائِهِ مَنْ مَلَكَ؟ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ فَأَشْرَافُ النَّاسِ اتَّبَعُوهُ أَمْ ضُعَفَاؤُهُمْ؟ قُلْتُ بَلْ ضُعَفَاؤُهُمْ [44] قَالَ فَيَزِيدُونَ أَمْ يَنْقُصُونَ؟ قُلْتُ بَلْ يَزِيدُونَ قَالَ فَهَلْ يَرْتَدُّ أَحَدٌ سَخْطَةً لِدِينِهِ بَعْدَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ فِيهِ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ فَهَلْ يَغْدِرُ؟ قُلْتُ لَا وَنَحْنُ مِنْهُ الْآنَ فِي مُدَّةٍ وَنَحْنُ نَخَافُ أَنْ يَغْدِرَ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ وَلَمْ تُمْكِنِّي كَلِمَةٌ أُدْخِلَ فِيهَا شَيْئًا أَنْتَقِصُهُ بِهَا أَخَافَ أَنْ تُؤْثَرَ عَنِّي غَيْرُهَا قَالَ فَهَلْ قَاتَلْتُمُوهُ وَهَلْ قَاتَلَكُمْ؟ فَقُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَكَيْفَ كَانَ حَرْبُكُمْ وَحَرْبُهُ؟ قُلْتُ كَانَتْ دُوَلًا وَسِجَالًا يُدَالُ عَلَيْنَا الْمَرَّةَ وَنُدَالُ عَلَيْهِ الْأُخْرَى قَالَ فَمَا كَانَ يَأْمُرُكُمْ بِهِ؟ قُلْتُ يَأْمُرُنَا أَنْ نَعْبُدَ اللهَ وَحْدَهُ وَلَا نُشْرِكَ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَنَهَانَا عَمَّا كَانَ يَعْبُدُ آبَاؤُنَا وَيَأْمُرُنَا بِالصَّلَاةِ وَالصِّدْقِ وَالْعَفَافِ وَالْوَفَاءِ بِالْعَهْدِ وَأَدَاءِ الْأَمَانَةِ فَقَالَ لِتَرْجُمَانِهِ حِينَ قُلْتُ ذَلِكَ قُلْ لَهُ إِنِّي سَأَلْتُكَ عَنْ نَسَبِهِ فِيكُمْ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنَّهُ فِيكُمْ ذُو نَسَبٍ وَكَذَلِكَ الرُّسُلُ تُبْعَثُ فِي نَسَبِ قَوْمِهَا وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ قَالَ هَذَا الْقَوْلَ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ قَبْلَهُ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لَا فَقُلْتُ أَنْ لَوْ قَالَ هَذَا الْقَوْلَ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ قَبْلَهُ قُلْتُ رَجُلٌ يَأْتَمُّ بِقَوْلٍ قِيلَ قَبْلَهُ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ كُنْتُمْ تَتَّهِمُونَهُ بِالْكَذِبِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقُولَ مَا قَالَ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لَا فَقَدْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِيَذَرَ الْكَذِبَ عَلَى النَّاسِ وَيَكْذِبَ عَلَى اللهِ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ كَانَ مِنْ آبَائِهِ مِنْ مَلِكٍ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لَا فَقُلْتُ أَنْ لَوْ كَانَ مِنْ آبَائِهِ مَلِكٌ لَقُلْتُ رَجُلٌ يَطْلُبُ مُلْكَ آبَائِهِ وَسَأَلْتُكَ أَشْرَافُ النَّاسِ اتَّبَعُوهُ أَمْ ضُعَفَاؤُهُمْ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنَّ ضُعَفَاءَهُمُ اتَّبَعُوهُ وَهُمْ أَتْبَاعُ الرُّسُلِ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ يَزِيدُونَ أَمْ يَنْقُصُونَ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنَّهُمْ يَزِيدُونَ وَكَذَلِكَ الْإِيمَانُ حَتَّى يَتِمُّ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ يَرْتَدُّ أَحَدٌ سَخْطَةً لِدِينِهِ بَعْدَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ فِيهِ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لَا وَكَذَلِكَ الْإِيمَانُ حِينَ يُخَالِطُ بَشَاشَةَ الْقَلْبِ لَا يَبْغَضُهُ أَحَدٌ وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ يَغْدِرُ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ لَا وَكَذَلِكَ الرُّسُلُ لَا تَغْدِرُ [45] وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ قَاتَلْتُمُوهُ وَقَاتَلَكُمْ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنْ قَدْ فَعَلَ وَأَنَّ حَرْبَكُمْ وَحَرْبَهُ تَكُونُ دُوَلًا يُدَالُ عَلَيْكُمُ الْمَرَّةَ وَتُدَالُونَ عَلَيْهِ الْأُخْرَى وَكَذَلِكَ الرُّسُلُ تُبْتَلَى وَيَكُونُ لَهَا الْعَاقِبَةُ وَسَأَلْتُكَ بِمَاذَا أَمَرَكُمْ فَزَعَمْتَ أَنَّهُ يَأْمُرُكُمْ أَنْ تَعْبُدُوا اللهَ وَحْدَهُ وَلَا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا وَيَنْهَاكُمْ عَمَّا كَانَ يَعْبُدُ آبَاؤُكُمْ وَيَأْمُرُكُمْ بِالصَّلَاةِ وَالصِّدْقِ وَالْعَفَافِ وَالْوَفَاءِ بِالْعَهْدِ وَأَدَاءِ الْأَمَانَاتِ قَالَ وَهَذِهِ صِفَةُ نَبِيٍّ قَدْ كُنْتُ أَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ خَارِجٌ وَلَمْ أَكُنْ أَظُنُّ أَنَّهُ مِنْكُمْ وَإِنْ يَكُنْ مَا قُلْتُ حَقًّا فَيُوشِكُ أَنْ يَمْلِكَ مَوْضِعَ قَدَمَيَّ هَاتَيْنِ فَوَاللهِ لَوْ أَرْجُو أَنْ أَخْلُصَ إِلَيْهِ لَتَجَشَّمْتُ لُقِيَّهُ وَلَوْ كُنْتُ عِنْدَهُ غَسَلْتُ عَنْ قَدَمَيْهِ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ ثُمَّ دَعَا بِكَتَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَمَرَ بِهِ فَقُرِئَ فَإِذَا فِيهِ بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدِ اللهِ وَرَسُولِهِ إِلَى هِرَقْلَ عَظِيمِ الرُّومِ سَلَامٌ عَلَى مَنِ اتَّبَعَ الْهُدَى أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنِّي أَدْعُوكَ بِدِعَايَةِ الْإِسْلَامِ أَسْلِمْ تَسْلَمْ وَأَسْلِمْ يُؤْتِكَ اللهُ أَجْرَكَ مَرَّتَيْنِ وَإِنْ تَوَلَّيْتَ فَإِنَّ عَلَيْكَ إِثْمُ الْأَرِيسِيِّينَ وَ {قُلْ يَا أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ تَعَالَوْا إِلَى كَلِمَةٍ سَوَاءٍ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمْ أَلَّا نَعْبُدَ إِلَّا اللهَ وَلَا نُشْرِكَ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَلَا يَتَّخِذَ بَعْضُنَا بَعْضًا أَرْبَابًا مِنْ دُونِ اللهِ فَإِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَقُولُوا اشْهَدُوا بِأَنَّا مُسْلِمُونَ} [آل عمران 64] قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَلَمَّا قَضَى مَقَالَتَهُ عَلَتْ أَصْوَاتُ الرُّومِ حَوْلَهُ مِنْ عُظَمَاءِ الرُّومِ وَكَثُرَ لَغَطُهُمْ فَلَا أَدْرِي مَاذَا قَالُوا وَأَمَرَ بِنَا فَأُخْرِجْنَا قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَلَمَّا خَرَجْتُ مَعَ أَصْحَابِي وَخَلَصْتُ بِهِمْ قُلْتُ لَقَدْ أَمِرَ أَمْرُ ابْنِ أَبِي كَبْشَةَ هَذَا مَلِكُ بَنِي الْأَصْفَرِ يَخَافُهُ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَوَاللهِ مَا زِلْتُ ذَلِيلًا مُسْتَيْقِنًا بِأَنَّ أَمْرَهُ سَيَظْهَرُ حَتَّى أَدْخَلَ اللهُ قَلْبِيَ الْإِسْلَامَ وَأَنَا كَارِهٌ  

"A man from among the Ansar accepted Islam, then he apostatized and went back to Shirk. Then he regretted that, and sent word to his people (saying): 'Ask the Messenger of Allah [SAW], is there any repentance for me?' His people came to the Messenger of Allah [SAW] and said: 'So and so regrets (what he did), and he has told us to ask you if there is any repentance for him?' Then the Verses: 'How shall Allah guide a people who disbelieved after their Belief up to His saying: Verily, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful' was revealed. So he sent word to him, and he accepted Islam." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4068)  

كَانَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَسْلَمَ ثُمَّ ارْتَدَّ وَلَحِقَ بِالشِّرْكِ ثُمَّ نَدِمَ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ سَلُوا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ هَلْ لِي مِنْ تَوْبَةٍ؟ فَجَاءَ قَوْمُهُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالُوا إِنَّ فُلَانًا قَدْ نَدِمَ وَإِنَّهُ قَدْ أَمَرَنَا أَنْ نَسْأَلَكَ هَلْ لَهُ مِنْ تَوْبَةٍ؟ فَنَزَلَتْ {كَيْفَ يَهْدِي اللهُ قَوْمًا كَفَرُوا بَعْدَ إِيمَانِهِمْ} [آل عمران 86] إِلَى {غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ} [البقرة 173] فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ فَأَسْلَمَ  

I heard Anas bin Malik saying, "Abu Talha had more property of date-palm trees gardens than any other amongst the Ansar in Medina and the most beloved of them to him was Bairuha garden, and it was in front of the Mosque of the Prophet ﷺ . Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to go there and used to drink its nice water." Anas added, "When these verses were revealed:--'By no means shall you Attain righteousness unless You spend (in charity) of that Which you love. ' (3.92) Abu Talha said to Messenger of Allah ﷺ 'O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! Allah, the Blessed, the Superior says: By no means shall you attain righteousness, unless you spend (in charity) of that which you love. And no doubt, Bairuha' garden is the most beloved of all my property to me. So I want to give it in charity in Allah's Cause. I expect its reward from Allah. O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! Spend it where Allah makes you think it feasible.' On that Allah's Apostle said, 'Bravo! It is useful property. I have heard what you have said (O Abu Talha), and I think it would be proper if you gave it to your Kith and kin.' Abu Talha said, I will do so, O Allah's Apostle.' Then Abu Talha distributed that garden amongst his relatives and his cousins." (Using translation from Bukhārī 1461)   

أَنَّ أَبَا طَلْحَةَ كَانَ أَكْثَرَ أَنْصَارِيٍّ مَالًا بِالْمَدِينَةِ بِالنَّخْلِ وَكَانَ أَحَبَّ أَمْوَالِهِ إِلَيْهِ بَيْرُحَاءُ وَكَانَتْ مُسْتَقْبِلَةَ الْمَسْجِدِ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَدْخُلُهَا فَيَأْكُلُ مِنْ ثَمَرِهَا وَيُشْرَبُ مِنْ مَاءٍ فِيهَا طِيبٍ قَالَ أَنَسٌ فَلَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {لَنْ تَنَالُوا الْبِرَّ حَتَّى تُنْفِقُوا مِمَّا تُحِبُّونَ} [آل عمران 92] قَامَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ اللهَ يَقُولُ {لَنْ تَنَالُوا الْبِرَّ حَتَّى تُنْفِقُوا مِمَّا تُحِبُّونَ} [آل عمران 92] وَإِنَّ أَحَبَّ أَمْوَالِي إِلَيَّ بَيْرُحَاءُ وَإِنَّهَا صَدَقَةٌ لِلَّهِ أَرْجُو بِرَّهَا وَذُخْرَهَا عِنْدَ اللهِ فَضَعْهَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ حَيْثُ أَرَاكَ اللهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «بَخٍ ذَلِكَ مَالٌ رَابِحٌ وَقَدْ سَمِعْتُ مَا قُلْتَ وَإِنِّي أَرَى أَنْ تَجْعَلَهُ فِي الْأَقْرَبِينَ» فَقَالَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ أَفْعَلُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَقَسَمَهَا أَبُو طَلْحَةَ بَيْنَ أَقْرِبَائِهِ وَبَنِي عَمِّهِ  

Anas said When the verse “You will never attain righteousness until you give freely of what you love" came down, Abu Talhah said Messenger of Allah ﷺ, I think our Lord asks us for our property. I call you as witness that I dedicate my land at Ariha ‘to Him’. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to him Divide it among your nearest relatives. So he divided it among Hassan bin Thabit and Ubayy bin Ka’b. Abu Dawud said I have been gold by an Ansari Muhammad bin ‘Abdallah that the name of Abu Talhah is Zaid bin Sahal bin al-Aswad bin Haram bin ‘Amar bin Zaid bin Manat bin ‘Adi bin ‘Amr bin Malik bin al-Najjar; and Hassan bin Tabit is son of al-Mundhir in al-Haram. Thus both of them (Abu Talhah and Hassan) have their common link in Haram who is the third great grandfather. Ubbay bin Ka’b is son of Qais bin ‘Atik bin Zaid bin Mu’awiyah bin ‘Amr bin Malik bin al-Najjar. Thus the common tie between Hassan, Abu Talhah and Ubbay is ‘Amr (bin Malik). The Ansari said between Ubbay and Abi Talhah there are six great grandfathers. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1689)   

لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ {لَنْ تَنَالُوا الْبِرَّ حَتَّى تُنْفِقُوا مِمَّا تُحِبُّونَ} [آل عمران 92] قَالَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ أَرَى رَبَّنَا يَسْأَلُنَا أَمْوَالَنَا فَأُشْهِدُكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَنِّي قَدْ جَعَلْتُ أَرْضِي لِلَّهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «اجْعَلْهَا فِي قَرَابَتِكَ» فَجَعَلَهَا فِي حَسَّانَ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ وَأُبَيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ  

[Machine] He (Abdullah bin Salam) told him (the Prophet ﷺ ) when they were brought to the Prophet, "What do you find in your book?" They said, "We do not find stoning (for adultery) in our book." So Abdullah bin Salam said, "Stoning for adultery is indeed a lie written in their book." So it was said (to the Jews), "Bring the Torah and recite it, if you are truthful." So they brought the Torah and the one who read it out placed his hand on the verse of stoning, and started reading what was beside it. Abdullah bin Salam said to him, "Lift your hand," and behold! The verse of stoning was underneath it. So the Prophet ﷺ commanded both of them to be stoned.  

أَنَّهُ حَدَّثَهُ لَمَّا رُفِعَا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «مَا تَجِدُونَ فِي كِتَابِكُمْ؟» قَالُوا لَا نَجِدُ الرَّجْمَ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ سَلَامٍ كَذَبُوا الرَّجْمُ فِي كِتَابِهِمْ فَقِيلَ {فَأْتُوا بِالتَّوْرَاةِ فَاتْلُوهَا إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِينَ} [آل عمران 93] فَجَاءُوا بِالتَّوْرَاةِ وَجَاءَ قَارِئُهُمْ فَوَضَعَ كَفَّهُ عَلَى مَوْضِعِ الرَّجْمِ فَجَعَلَ يَقْرَأُ مَا خَلَا ذَلِكَ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ سَلَامٍ أَدْخِلْ كَفَّكَ فَإِذَا هُوَ بِالرَّجْمِ يَلُوحُ فَأَمَرَ نَبِيُّ اللهِ ﷺ بِهِمَا فَرُجِمَا  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ was asked about the first mosque built for the people. He said, "The Sacred Mosque (in Mecca) and the Al-Aqsa Mosque." He was asked about the time period between them. He said, "Forty years, and wherever prayer reaches you, pray, for that place is also a mosque."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَهُ عَنْ أَوَّلِ مَسْجِدٍ وُضِعَ لِلنَّاسِ قَالَ «مَسْجِدُ الْحَرَامِ وَبَيْتُ الْمَقْدِسِ» فَسُئِلَ كَمْ بَيْنَهُمَا؟ قَالَ «أَرْبَعُونَ عَامًا وَحَيْثُ مَا أَدْرَكَتْكَ الصَّلَاةُ فَصَلِّ فَثَمَّ مَسْجِدٌ»  

“O you who believe! Have fear of Allah as is His due, and die not except as Muslims. [3:102] (Then he said): ‘If a drop of Zaqqum were to be dropped on the earth, it would ruin the livelihood of the people of this world, so how about those who have no food other than it (i.e. Zaqqum)?’” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 4325)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللهَ حَقَّ تُقَاتِهِ وَلَا تَمُوتُنَّ إِلَّا وَأَنْتُمْ مُسْلِمُونَ} [آل عمران 102] لَوْ أَنَّ قَطْرَةً مِنَ الزَّقُّومِ قُطِرَتْ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ لَأَمَرَّتْ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ مَعِيشَتَهُمْ فَكَيْفَ مَنْ هُوَ طَعَامُهُ أَوْ لَيْسَ لَهُ طَعَامٌ غَيْرُهُ  

[Machine] "We are the best people for the people, freeing them from the shackles around their necks and bringing them into Islam."  

نَحْنُ خَيْرُ النَّاسِ لِلنَّاسِ نَجِيءُ بِهِمُ الْأَغْلَالُ فِي أَعْنَاقِهِمْ فَنُدْخِلَهُمْ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ  

[Machine] They are the ones who migrated with the Prophet ﷺ from Mecca to Medina.  

هُمُ الَّذِينَ هَاجَرُوا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مِنْ مَكَّةَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , delayed the night prayer (Isha prayer) and then went out to the mosque. The people were waiting for the prayer, so he said, "Indeed, none of the adherents of these religions mentioned Allah at this hour except you." He said, "And this verse was revealed, 'They are not all the same; among the People of the Scripture is a community standing [in obedience], reciting the verses of Allah during periods of the night and prostrating [in prayer].' [Al Imran 113] until it reached, 'And Allah is Knowing of the righteous.' [Al Imran 115]"  

أَخَّرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَيْلَةً صَلَاةَ الْعِشَاءِ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ فَإِذَا النَّاسُ يَنْتَظِرُونَ الصَّلَاةَ فَقَالَ أَمَا إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأَدْيَانِ أَحَدٌ يَذْكُرُ اللهَ هَذِهِ السَّاعَةَ غَيْرُكُمْ قَالَ وَأُنْزِلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {لَيْسُوا سَوَاءً مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ} [آل عمران 113] حَتَّى بَلَغَ {وَاللهُ عَلِيمٌ بِالْمُتَّقِينَ} [آل عمران 115]  

Hatib will definitely go to Hell. (But) Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: You tell a lie; he would not get into that for he had taken part in Badr and in (the expedition of) Hudaibiya. (Using translation from Muslim 2495)  

أَنَّ عَبْدًا لِحَاطِبٍ جَاءَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يَشْكُو حَاطِبًا فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ لَيَدْخُلَنَّ حَاطِبٌ النَّارَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «كَذَبْتَ لَا يَدْخُلُهَا فَإِنَّهُ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا وَالْحُدَيْبِيَةَ»  

Asma' bint al-Hakam said: I heard Ali say: I was a man; when I heard a tradition from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, Allah benefited me with it as much as He willed. But when some one of his companions narrated a tradition to me I adjured him. When he took an oath, I testified him. AbuBakr narrated to me a tradition, and AbuBakr narrated truthfully. He said: I heard the apostle of Allah ﷺ saying: When a servant (of Allah) commits a sin, and he performs ablution well, and then stands and prays two rak'ahs, and asks pardon of Allah, Allah pardons him. He then recited this verse: "And those who, when they commit indecency or wrong their souls, remember Allah" (Al-Qur'an 3:135). (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1521)   

سَمِعْتُ عَلِيًّا ؓ يَقُولُ إِنِّي كُنْتُ رَجُلًا إِذَا سَمِعْتُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ حَدِيثًا يَنْفَعُنِي اللهُ مِنْهُ بِمَا شَاءَ أَنْ يَنْفَعَنِي فَإِذَا حَدَّثَنِي رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ اسْتَحْلَفْتُهُ فَإِذَا حَلَفَ لِي صَدَّقْتُهُ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَصَدَقَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «مَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ يُذْنِبُ ذَنْبًا ثُمَّ يَقُومُ فَيَتَطَهَّرُ فَيُحْسِنُ الطُّهُورَ ثُمَّ يَسْتَغْفِرُ اللهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى إِلَّا غَفَرَ لَهُ» ثُمَّ قَرَأَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {وَالَّذِينَ إِذَا فَعَلُوا فَاحِشَةً أَوْ ظَلَمُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ} [آل عمران 135] إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ  

The Prophet ﷺ appointed ʿAbdullah bin Jubair as the commander of the infantry men (archers) who were fifty on the day (of the battle) of Uhud. He instructed them, "Stick to your place, and don't leave it even if you see birds snatching us, till I send for you; and if you see that we have defeated the infidels and made them flee, even then you should not leave your place till I send for you." Then the infidels were defeated. By Allah, I saw the women fleeing lifting up their clothes revealing their leg-bangles and their legs. So, the companions of ʿAbdullah bin Jubair said, "The booty! O people, the booty ! Your companions have become victorious, what are you waiting for now?" ʿAbdullah bin Jubair said, "Have you forgotten what Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to you?" They replied, "By Allah! We will go to the people (i.e. the enemy) and collect our share from the war booty." But when they went to them, they were forced to turn back defeated. At that time Messenger of Allah ﷺ in their rear was calling them back. Only twelve men remained with the Prophet ﷺ and the infidels martyred seventy men from us. On the day (of the battle) of Badr, the Prophet ﷺ and his companions had caused the 'Pagans to lose 140 men, seventy of whom were captured and seventy were killed. Then Abu Sufyan asked thrice, "Is Muhammad present amongst these people?" The Prophet ﷺ ordered his companions not to answer him. Then he asked thrice, "Is the son of Abu Quhafa present amongst these people?" He asked again thrice, "Is the son of Al-Khattab present amongst these people?" He then returned to his companions and said, "As for these (men), they have been killed." ʿUmar could not control himself and said (to Abu Sufyan), "You told a lie, by Allah! O enemy of Allah! All those you have mentioned are alive, and the thing which will make you unhappy is still there." Abu Sufyan said, "Our victory today is a counterbalance to yours in the battle of Badr, and in war (the victory) is always undecided and is shared in turns by the belligerents, and you will find some of your (killed) men mutilated, but I did not urge my men to do so, yet I do not feel sorry for their deed" After that he started reciting cheerfully, "O Hubal, be high! (1) On that the Prophet ﷺ said (to his companions), "Why don't you answer him back?" They said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ What shall we say?" He said, "Say, Allah is Higher and more Sublime." (Then) Abu Sufyan said, "We have the (idol) Al ʿUzza, and you have no ʿUzza." The Prophet said (to his companions), "Why don't you answer him back?" They asked, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! What shall we say?" He said, "Says Allah is our Helper and you have no helper." (Using translation from Bukhārī 3039)  

جَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى الرُّمَاةِ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ وَكَانُوا خَمْسِينَ رَجُلًا عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ جُبَيْرٍ قَالَ وَوَضَعَهُمْ مَكَانًا وَقَالَ لَهُمْ «إِنْ رَأَيْتُمُونَا تَخْطَفُنَا الطَّيْرُ فَلَا تَبْرَحُوا مِنْ مَكَانِكُمْ هَذَا حَتَّى أُرْسِلَ إِلَيْكُمْ فَإِنْ رَأَيْتُمُونَا هَزَمَنَا الْقَوْمُ وَأَوْطَأْنَاهُمْ فَلَا تَبْرَحُوا حَتَّى أُرْسِلَ إِلَيْكُمْ» قَالَ وَسَارَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ قَالَ فَهَزَمَهُمْ قَالَ فَأَمَا وَاللهِ رَأَيْتُ النِّسَاءَ يَشْتَدِدْنَ عَلَى الْجَبَلِ بَدَتْ خَلَاخِلُهُنَّ وَأَسْوُقُهُنَّ رَافِعَاتٍ ثِيَابَهُنَّ فَقَالَ أَصْحَابُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ الْغَنِيمَةَ أَيْ قَوِّمِ الْغَنِيمَةَ قَدْ ظَهَرَ أَصْحَابُكُمْ فَمَاذَا تَنْتَظِرُونَ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ أَنَسِيتُمْ مَا قَالَ لَكُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ؟ فَقَالُوا إِنَّا وَاللهِ لَنَأْتِيَنَّ النَّاسَ فَلَنُصِيبَنَّ مِنَ الْغَنِيمَةِ فَلَمَّا أَتَوْهُمْ صُرِفَتْ وُجُوهُهُمْ فَأَقْبَلُوا مُنْهَزِمِينَ فَذَاكَ حِينَ يَدْعُوهُمُ الرَّسُولُ فِي أُخْرَاهُمْ فَلَمْ يَبْقَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ غَيْرُ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ رَجُلًا فَأَصَابُوا مِنَّا سَبْعِينَ [53] وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابُهُ أَصَابَ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ أَرْبَعِينَ وَمِائَةً سَبْعِينَ أَسِيرًا وَسَبْعِينَ قَتِيلًا فَقَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ أَفِي الْقَوْمِ مُحَمَّدٌ؟ أَفِي الْقَوْمِ مُحَمَّدٌ؟ فَنَهَاهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ يُجِيبُوهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَفِي الْقَوْمِ ابْنُ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ؟ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ قَالَ أَفِي الْقَوْمِ ابْنُ الْخَطَّابِ؟ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ أَمَّا هَؤُلَاءِ فَقَدْ قُتِلُوا فَمَا مَلَكَ عُمَرُ نَفْسَهُ فَقَالَ كَذَبْتَ يَا عَدُوَّ اللهِ إِنَّ الَّذِي عَدَدْتَ لَأَحْيَاءٌ كُلُّهُمْ وَقَدْ بَقِيَ لَكَ مَا يَسُوؤكَ فَقَالَ يَوْمٌ بِيَوْمِ بَدْرٍ وَالْحُرُوبُ سِجَالٌ إِنَّكُمْ سَتَرَوْنَ فِي الْقَوْمِ مُثْلَةً لَمْ آمُرْ بِهَا وَلَمْ تَسُؤْنِي ثُمَّ أَخَذَ يَرْتَجِزُ أُعْلُ هُبَلُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «أَلَا تُجِيبُوهُ؟» فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا نَقُولُ؟ قَالَ قُولُوا اللهُ أَعَلَى وَأَجَلُّ قَالَ إِنَّ لَنَا عُزَّى وَلَا عُزَّى لَكُمْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «أَلَا تُجِيبُوهُ» قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا نَقُولُ؟ قَالَ قُولُوا اللهُ مَوْلَانَا وَلَا مَوْلَى لَكُمْ  

He heard the Prophet ﷺ, when he raised his head in the last rak'ah of the subh prayer, say: "O Allah, curse so-and-so and so-and-so," supplicating against some of the hypocrites. Then Allah revealed the words: "Not for you is the decision; whether He turns in mercy to (pardon) them or punishes them; verily, they are the wrongdoers." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 1078)  

أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يُكَبِّرُ حِينَ يَرْفَعُ رَأْسَهُ فِي صَلَاةِ الصُّبْحِ مِنَ الرَّكْعَةِ الْأَخِيرَةِ يَقُولُ «اللهُمَّ الْعَنْ فُلَانًا وَفُلَانًا» دَعَا عَلَى نَاسٍ مِنَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ ﷻ {لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ شَيْءٌ أَوْ يَتُوبَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَوْ يُعَذِّبَهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ ظَالِمُونَ} [آل عمران 128]  

That he heard Messenger of Allah ﷺ, when raising his head from bowing of the first rakʿa of the morning prayer, saying, "O Allah! Curse so-and-so and so-and-so" after he had said, "Allah hears him who sends his praises to Him. Our Lord, all the Praises are for you!" So Allah revealed:-- "Not for you (O Muhammad! )......(till the end of Verse) they are indeed wrong-doers." (3.128) (Using translation from Bukhārī 4069)   

أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ مِنَ الرُّكُوعِ فِي الرَّكْعَةِ الْأَخِيرَةِ مِنَ الْفَجْرِ يَقُولُ اللهُمَّ الْعَنْ فُلَانًا وَفُلَانًا بَعْدَمَا يَقُولُ «سَمِعَ اللهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ رَبَّنَا وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ» فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى {لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ شَيْءٌ أَوْ يَتُوبَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَوْ يُعَذِّبَهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ ظَالِمُونَ} [آل عمران 128]  

[Machine] Anas said that the cheek of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was fractured on the day of Uhud and bled, and he wiped away the blood from his face and said, "How can a people succeed who have smeared the face of their Prophet while he is calling them to Islam?" So Allah revealed, "It is not for you [O Muhammad], to decide a matter. If it had been an immediate decision, they would have been judged immediately. But to Allah belongs the outcome of [all] affairs. Or He will give them repentance and forgiveness, for indeed they have been wrongdoers." [Quran 3:128] The wording is from Khalid.  

قَالَ أَنَسٌ كُسِرَتْ رَبَاعِيَةُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ وَشُجَّ فَجَعَلَ الدَّمُ يَسِيلُ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ وَمَسَحَ الدَّمَ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ وَيَقُولُ «كَيْفَ يُفْلِحُ قَوْمٌ خَضَبُوا وَجْهَ نَبِيِّهِمْ وَهُوَ يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ؟» فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى {لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ شَيْءٌ أَوْ يَتُوبَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَوْ يُعَذِّبَهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ ظَالِمُونَ} [آل عمران 128] اللَّفْظُ لِخَالِدٍ