54. Tafsīr (Exegesis)
٥٤۔ كِتَابُ التَّفْسِيرِ
[Machine] How does Abdullah recite "By the night when it covers, And [by] the day when it appears, And [by] the male and female"?, He said, Abdullah used to recite it like this. Abu Darda said, I heard it like this from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.
كَيْفَ يَقْرَأُ عَبْدُ اللهِ «وَاللَّيْلِ إِذَا يَغْشَى وَالنَّهَارِ إِذَا تَجَلَّى وَالذَّكَرِ وَالْأُنْثَى»؟ قَالَ هَكَذَا كَانَ يَقْرَؤُهَا عَبْدُ اللهِ قَالَ أَبُو الدَّرْدَاءِ سَمِعْتُهَا هَكَذَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ
[Machine] Read to me the passage and during the night when it covers, I recited upon him (and the night when it covers and the day when it shines and the male and the female) He said, "I heard it this way from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ." and the wording is from Al-Hasan.
اقْرَأْ عَلَيَّ وَاللَّيْلِ إِذَا يَغْشَى فَقَرَأْتُ عَلَيْهِ (وَاللَّيْلِ إِذَا يَغْشَى وَالنَّهَارِ إِذَا تَجَلَّى وَالذَّكَرِ وَالْأُنْثَى) قَالَ «سَمِعْتُهَا هَكَذَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ» وَاللَّفْظُ لِلْحَسَنِ
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {فَأَمَّا مَنْ أَعْطَى وَاتَّقَى وَصَدَّقَ بِالْحُسْنَى} [الليل: 6]
We attended a funeral at Baql’ al-Gharqad which was also attended by the Messenger of Allah (May peace be upon him). The Messenger of Allah (May peace be upon him) came and sat down. He had a stick (in his hand) by which he began to scratch up the ground. He then raised his head and said : The place which every one of you and every soul of you will occupy in Hell or in Paradise has been recorded, and destined wicked or blesses. A man from among the people asked : Prophet of Allah! Should we not then trust simply in what has been recorded for us and abandon (doing good) deeds? Those who are among the number of the blessed will be inclined to blessing, and those of us who are among the number of the wicked will be inclined to wickedness. He replied : Go on doing good actions, for everyone is helped to do that for which he was created. Those who are among the number of wicked will be helped to do wicked deeds. The Prophet of Allah (May peace be upon him) then recited: “So he who gives (in charity) and fears (Allah), and in all sincerity testifies to the best, we will indeed make smooth for him the path to bliss. But he who is a greedy miser and thinks himself self-sufficient, and gives the lie to the best, We will indeed make smooth for him the path of misery.” (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4694)
كُنَّا فِي جَنَازَةٍ فِيهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِبَقِيعِ الْغَرْقَدِ فَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَجَلَسَ وَمَعَهُ مِخْصَرَةٌ فَنَكَّسَ وَنَكَتَ بِهَا ثُمَّ رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ فَقَالَ «مَا مِنْكُمْ مِنْ أَحَدٍ مَا مِنْ نَفْسٍ مَنْفُوسَةٍ إِلَّا قَدْ كَتَبَ اللهُ مَكَانَهَا مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ وَالنَّارِ إِلَّا قَدْ كُتِبَتْ شَقِيَّةً أَوْ سَعِيدَةً» فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَفَلَا نَمْكُثُ عَلَى كِتَابِنَا وَنَدَعُ الْعَمَلَ فَمَنْ كَانَ مِنْ أَهْلِ السَّعَادَةِ لَيَكُونَنَّ إِلَى السَّعَادَةِ وَمَنْ كَانَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الشَّقَاوَةِ لَيَكُونَنَّ إِلَى الشَّقَاوَةِ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «بَلِ اعْمَلُوا فَكُلٌّ مُيَسَّرٌ فَأَمَّا أَهْلُ السَّعَادَةِ فَيُيَسَّرُونَ لِلسَّعَادَةِ وَأَمَّا أَهْلُ الشَّقَاوَةِ فَيُيَسَّرُونَ لِلشَّقَاوَةِ» ثُمَّ قَرَأَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {فَأَمَّا مَنْ أَعْطَى وَاتَّقَى وَصَدَّقَ بِالْحُسْنَى فَسَنُيَسِّرُهُ لِلْيُسْرَى وَأَمَّا مَنْ بَخِلَ وَاسْتَغْنَى وَكَذَّبَ بِالْحُسْنَى فَسَنُيَسِّرُهُ لِلْعُسْرَى} [الليل 6]
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَأَمَّا مَنْ بَخِلَ وَاسْتَغْنَى وَكَذَّبَ بِالْحُسْنَى} [الليل: 9]
We were sitting with the Prophet ﷺ at a funeral - I [the narrator] think he said in Baqeeʿ al-Gharqad - and he struck the ground (with a stick), then he lifted his head and said: “There is no one among you but Allah has decreed his place in Paradise or his place in Hell.” We said: O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, shouldnʿt we rely on that? He said: ʿNo, rather strive, for each will be enabled [to do the appropriate deeds].” Then he recited: ʿAs for him who gives (in charity) and keeps his duty to Allah and fears Him, And believes in Al-Husna.ʿ We will make smooth for him the path of ease (goodness). But he who is greedy miser and thinks himself self sufficient. And belies Al-Husna. We will make smooth for him the path for evil” [Al-Lail 92:5-10]. (Al-Husna: The Best (i.e. either La ilaha illAllaah: none has the right to be worshipped but Allah) or a reward from Allah (i.e. Allah will compensate him for what he will spend in Allahʿs way or bless him with Paradise) Footnote from Hilali/Khan Translation of meanings) (Using translation from Aḥmad 1110)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ وَهُوَ مَعَ جَنَازَةٍ «مَا مِنْكُمْ مِنْ أَحَدٍ إِلَّا وَقَدْ كُتِبَ مَقْعَدُهُ مِنَ النَّارِ وَمَقْعَدُهُ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ» قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَفَلَا نَتَّكِلُ؟ قَالَ اعْمَلُوا فَكُلٌّ مُيَسَّرٌ {مَنْ أَعْطَى وَاتَّقَى وَصَدَّقَ بِالْحُسْنَى فَسَنُيَسِّرُهُ لِلْيُسْرَى وَأَمَّا مَنْ بَخِلَ وَاسْتَغْنَى وَكَذَّبَ بِالْحُسْنَى فَسَنُيَسِّرُهُ لِلْعُسْرَى} [الليل 6]
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَأَمَّا مَنْ بَخِلَ وَاسْتَغْنَى وَكَذَّبَ بِالْحُسْنَى} [الليل: 9]
The Messenger of Allah (May peace be upon him) was asked : Is it known who are those who will go to paradise and those who will go to hell? He said : Yes. He asked : Then what is the good of doing anything by those who act? He replied : Everyone is helped to do for which he has been created. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4709)
قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَعُلِمَ أَهْلُ الْجَنَّةِ مِنَ النَّارِ؟ قَالَ «نَعَمْ» قَالَ فَفِيمَ يَعْمَلُ الْعَامِلُونَ؟ قَالَ «كُلٌّ مُيَسَّرٌ لِمَا خُلِقَ لَهُ»