54. Tafsīr (Exegesis)
٥٤۔ كِتَابُ التَّفْسِيرِ
[Machine] I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and informed him. He swore that he did not say that, and people began to say, "Does the Messenger of Allah ﷺ lie?" Until I sat in the house out of fear that if people saw me, they would say, "You lied" until Allah revealed this verse, "When the hypocrites come to you, they say, 'We bear witness that you are indeed the Messenger of Allah.'" [Surah Al-Munafiqun 1]
جِئْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ فَحَلَفَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَقُلْ فَجَعَلَ النَّاسُ يَقُولُونَ تَأْتِي رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بِالْكَذِبِ؟ حَتَّى جَلَسْتُ فِي الْبَيْتِ مَخَافَةَ إِذَا رَآنِي النَّاسُ أَنْ يَقُولُوا كَذَبْتَ حَتَّى أَنْزَلَ اللهُ ﷻ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {إِذَا جَاءَكَ الْمُنَافِقُونَ قَالُوا نَشْهَدُ إِنَّكَ لَرَسُولِ اللهِ} [المنافقون 1] الْآيَةَ
[Machine] The hypocrites were asked: Are they more today or during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ? He said, "Rather, they are more today; because at that time they used to conceal it, and today they openly express it."
قِيلَ لَهُ الْمُنَافِقُونَ الْيَوْمَ أَكْثَرُ أَمْ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ؟ قَالَ «بَلْ هُمُ الْيَوْمَ أَكْثَرُ؛ لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ يَوْمَئِذٍ يَسْتَسِرُّونَهُ وَالْيَوْمَ يَسْتَعْلِنُونَهُ»
While we were sitting in a circle in ʿAbdullah's gathering, Hudhaifa came and stopped before us, and greeted us and then said, "People better than you became hypocrites." Al-Aswad said: I testify the uniqueness of Allah! Allah says: "Verily! The hypocrites will be in the lowest depths of the Fire." (4.145) On that ʿAbdullah smiled and Hudhaifa sat somewhere in the Mosque. ʿAbdullah then got up and his companions (sitting around him) dispersed. Hudhaifa then threw a pebble at me (to attract my attention). I went to him and he said, "I was surprised at ʿAbdullah's smile though he understood what I said. Verily, people better than you became hypocrite and then repented and Allah forgave them." (Using translation from Bukhārī 4602)
كُنَّا جُلُوسًا فِي حَلْقَةٍ فِيهَا عَبْدُ اللهِ فَجَاءَ حُذَيْفَةُ حَتَّى قَامَ عَلَيْنَا فَسَلَّمَ ثُمَّ قَالَ «لَقَدْ أَنْزَلَ اللهُ النِّفَاقَ عَلَى قَوْمٍ كَانُوا خَيْرًا مِنْكُمْ» قَالَ الْأَسْوَدُ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ إِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ يَقُولُ {إِنَّ الْمُنَافِقِينَ فِي الدَّرْكِ الْأَسْفَلِ مِنَ النَّارِ} [النساء 145] فَتَبَسَّمَ عَبْدُ اللهِ وَانْطَلَقَ حُذَيْفَةُ حَتَّى جَلَسَ فِي نَاحِيَةِ الْمَسْجِدِ وَقَامَ عَبْدُ اللهِ وَتَفَرَّقَ أَصْحَابُهُ قَالَ فَرَمَانِي بِالْحَصَا فَأَتَيْتُهُ فَقَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ عَجِبْتُ مِنْ ضَحِكِهِ وَقَدْ عَرفَ مَا قُلْتُ أَجَلْ قَدْ أَنْزَلَ اللهُ ﷻ النِّفَاقَ عَلَى قَوْمٍ خَيْرٍ مِنْكُمْ ثُمَّ تَابُوا فَتَابَ اللهُ عَلَيْهِمْ
قَوْلُهُ: {الَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ لَا تُنْفِقُوا عَلَى مَنْ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ حَتَّى يَنْفَضُّوا} [المنافقون: 7]
[Machine] I was with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in the battle of Tabuk. Abdullah bin Ubayy said, "If we return to Medina, the honorable ones will surely expel the lowly ones." [Surah Al-Munafiqun 63:8] So, I went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and informed him. Abdullah swore that he did not say anything like that and no one from his people did either. They said, "What do you intend by this?" So, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent me a message saying, "Indeed, Allah has revealed your defense." Then, this verse was revealed: "Those who make excuses among the believers for not contributing their wealth and those who were left behind until they were satisfied [by the booty]" [Surah Al-Munafiqun 63:7], until it reached the verse: "If we return to Medina, the more honored [elite] will surely expel therefrom the more humble." [Surah Al-Munafiqun 63:8].
كُنْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أُبَيٍّ {لَئِنْ رَجَعْنَا إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ لَيُخْرِجَنَّ الْأَعَزُّ مِنْهَا الْأَذَلَّ} [المنافقون 8] فَأَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ فَحَلَفَ عَبْدُ اللهِ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَذْكُرْ شَيْئًا وَلَامَنِي قَوْمِي وَقَالُوا مَا أَرَدْتَ إِلَى هَذَا؟ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ «إِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ قَدْ أَنْزَلَ عُذْرَكَ» فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {الَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ لَا تُنْفِقُوا عَلَى مَنْ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ حَتَّى يَنْفَضُّوا} [المنافقون 7] حَتَّى بَلَغَ {لَئِنْ رَجَعْنَا إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ لَيُخْرِجَنَّ الْأَعَزُّ مِنْهَا الْأَذَلَّ} [المنافقون 8]
قَوْلُهُ: {لَئِنْ رَجَعْنَا إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ لَيُخْرِجَنَّ الْأَعَزُّ مِنْهَا الْأَذَلَّ} [المنافقون: 8]
We went out with the Prophet ﷺ : on a journey and the people suffered from lack of provisions. So ʿAbdullah bin Ubai said to his companions, "Don't spend on those who are with Messenger of Allah ﷺ, that they may disperse and go away from him." He also said, "If we return to Medina, surely, the more honorable will expel therefrom the meaner. So I went to the Prophet ﷺ and informed him of that. He sent for ʿAbdullah bin Ubai and asked him, but ʿAbdullah bin Ubai swore that he did not say so. The people said, "Zaid told a lie to 'Messenger of Allah ﷺ." What they said distressed me very much. Later Allah revealed the confirmation of my statement in his saying:-- '(When the hypocrites come to you.' (63.1) So the Prophet ﷺ called them that they might ask Allah to forgive them, but they turned their heads aside. (Concerning Allah's saying: 'Pieces of wood propped up,' Zaid said; They were the most handsome men.) (Using translation from Bukhārī 4903)
خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي سَفَرٍ أَصَابَ النَّاسَ فِيهِ شِدَّةٌ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أُبَيٍّ وَأَنَا أَسْمَعُهُ لِأَصْحَابِهِ {لَا تُنْفِقُوا عَلَى مَنْ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ حَتَّى يَنْفَضُّوا} [المنافقون 7] مِنْ حَوْلِهِ وَقَالَ {لَئِنْ رَجَعْنَا إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ لَيُخْرِجَنَّ الْأَعَزُّ مِنْهَا الْأَذَلَّ} [المنافقون 8] قَالَ فَأَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ ذَلِكَ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أُبَيٍّ فَسَأَلَهُ فَاجْتَهَدَ يَمِينَهُ مَا فَعَلَ قَالُوا كَذَبَ زَيْدٌ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَوَقَعَ فِي نَفْسِي مِمَّا قَالُوا شِدَّةٌ حَتَّى أَنْزَلَ اللهُ ﷻ تَصْدِيقِي فِي {إِذَا جَاءَكَ الْمُنَافِقُونَ} [المنافقون 1] قَالَ وَدَعَاهُمُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لِيَسْتَغْفِرَ لَهُمْ فَلَوَّوْا رُءُوسَهُمْ
قَوْلُهُ: {لَئِنْ رَجَعْنَا إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ لَيُخْرِجَنَّ الْأَعَزُّ مِنْهَا الْأَذَلَّ} [المنافقون: 8]
We were along with Messenger of Allah ﷺ in an expedition that a person from amongst the emigrants struck at the back of a person from the Ansir. The Ansiri said: O Ansar! And the Muhijir said: O Emigrants! Thereupon Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: What are these proclamations of the Days of Ignorance? They said: Messenger of Allah, a person from the emigrants struck at the back of an Ansari, whereupon he said: It is something disgusting. 'Abdullah b. Ubayy heard it and said: They have indeed done it. By Allah, when we would return to Medina the respectable amongst them (the Ansar) would turn away the mean (the emigrants). Thereupon 'Umar said: Permit me so that I should strike the neck of this hypocrite. But he (the Holy Prophet) said: Leave him, the people may not say that Muhammad kills his companions. (Using translation from Muslim 2584b)
سَمِعْتُ جَابِرًا يَقُولُ كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي غَزَاةٍ فَكَسَعَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَقَالَ الْمُهَاجِرِيُّ يَا لَلْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَقَالَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ يَا لَلْأَنْصَارِ فَسَمِعَهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ «مَا بَالَ دَعْوَى الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ» قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ كَسَعَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «دَعُوهَا فَإِنَّهَا مُنْتِنَةٌ» فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ أُبَيِّ ابْنِ سَلُولٍ فَقَالَ فَعَلُوهَا؟ {لَئِنْ رَجَعْنَا إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ لَيُخْرِجَنَّ الْأَعَزُّ مِنْهَا الْأَذَلَّ} [المنافقون 8] فَقَالَ عُمَرُ دَعْنِي أَضْرِبْ عُنُقَ هَذَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «لَا يَتَحَدَّثَنَّ النَّاسُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا ﷺ يَقْتُلُ أَصْحَابَهُ»