54. Tafsīr (Exegesis)
٥٤۔ كِتَابُ التَّفْسِيرِ
[Machine] On the authority of the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , He said: "Moses once stood amongst his people and reminded them of the days of Allah and how Allah's favors are abundant."
عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ «قَامَ مُوسَى يَوْمًا فِي قَوْمِهِ فَذَكَّرَهُمْ بِأَيَّامِ اللهِ وَأَيَّامُ اللهِ نَعْمَاؤُهُ»
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {كَلِمَةً طَيِّبَةً كَشَجَرَةٍ طَيِّبَةٍ} [إبراهيم: 24]
Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Amongst the trees, there is a tree, the leaves of which do not fall and is like a Muslim. Tell me the name of that tree." Everybody started thinking about the trees of the desert areas. And I thought of the date-palm tree but felt shy to answer the others then asked, "What is that tree, O Messenger of Allah ﷺ ?" He replied, "It is the date-palm tree." (Using translation from Bukhārī 61)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «إِنَّ مِنَ الشَّجَرِ شَجَرَةً لَا يَسْقُطُ وَرَقُهَا وَإِنَّهَا مِثْلُ الْمُؤْمِنِ فَحَدِّثُونِي مَا هِيَ؟» قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ فَوَقَعَ النَّاسُ فِي شَجَرِ الْبَوَادِي وَوَقَعَ فِي نَفْسِي أَنَّهَا النَّخْلَةُ فَاسْتَحْيَيْتُ فَقَالُوا حَدِّثْنَا مَا هِيَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ قَالَ «هِيَ النَّخْلَةُ»
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {كَلِمَةً طَيِّبَةً كَشَجَرَةٍ طَيِّبَةٍ} [إبراهيم: 24]
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ came wearing a mask made of silk. He said, "A good word is like a good tree." He said, "It is the palm tree."
أُتِيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِقِنَاعٍ مِنْ بُسْرٍ فَقَالَ وَمَثَلُ كَلِمَةً طَيِّبَةً كَشَجَرَةٍ طَيِّبَةٍ قَالَ «هِيَ النَّخْلَةُ»
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَيُسْقَى مِنْ مَاءٍ صَدِيدٍ يَتَجَرَّعُهُ} [إبراهيم: 17]
"He will be given water of Sadid to drink, he will swallow it..." that the Prophet ﷺ said: " It will be brought toward his mouth and he will dislike it, so whenever it is brought closer to him it will melt his face and the skin of his head will fall into it. Then whenever he drinks from it, his bowels will be severed until it comes out from his anus. Allah, the Blessed and Exalted says: "And they will be given water of Hamim to drink such that it cuts up their bowels..." and He says: "And if they call for drink they will be given water of Muhl which melts the faces, the worst of drinks..." (Using translation from Tirmidhī 2583)
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي قَوْلِهِ {وَيُسْقَى مِنْ مَاءٍ صَدِيدٍ يَتَجَرَّعُهُ} [إبراهيم 17] قَالَ يُقَرَّبُ إِلَيْهِ فَيَتَكَرَّهُهُ فَإِذَا أُدْنِيَ مِنْهُ شُوِيَ وَجْهُهُ وَوَقَعَتْ فَرْوَةُ رَأْسِهِ فَإِذَا شَرِبَهُ قَطَّعَ أَمْعَاءَهُ حَتَّى يَخْرُجَ مِنْ دُبُرِهِ يَقُولُ اللهُ تَعَالَى {وَسُقُوا مَاءً حَمِيمًا فَقَطَّعَ أَمْعَاءَهُمْ} [محمد 15] وَيَقُولُ اللهُ تَعَالَى {وَإِنْ يَسْتَغِيثُوا يُغَاثُوا بِمَاءٍ كَالْمُهْلِ يَشْوِي الْوُجُوهَ بِئْسَ الشَّرَابُ} [الكهف 29]
54.14.3 Subsection
٥٤۔١٤۔٣ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {يُثَبِّتُ اللهَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا بِالْقَوْلِ الثَّابِتِ} [إبراهيم: 27]
“Allah will keep firm those who believe, with the word that stands firm.” [14:27] This has been revealed concerning the torment of the grave. It will be said to him: ‘Who is your Lord?’ He will say: ‘My Lord is Allah, and my Prophet is Muhammad.’ This is what Allah says: Allah will keep firm those who believe, with the word that stands firm in this world (i.e. they will keep on worshipping Allah Alone and none else), and in the Hereafter (i.e., at the time of questioning in the grave).’” [14:27] (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 4269)
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ {يُثَبِّتُ اللهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا بِالْقَوْلِ الثَّابِتِ فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا} [إبراهيم 27] قَالَ نَزَلَتْ فِي عَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ يُقَالُ لَهُ مَنْ رَبُّكَ؟ فَيَقُولُ رَبِّيَ اللهُ وَنَبِيِّي مُحَمَّدٌ فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ {يُثَبِّتُ اللهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا بِالْقَوْلِ الثَّابِتِ فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا} [إبراهيم 27]
[Machine] In His saying {Allah keeps firm those who believe with the firm saying in the life of this world} [Ibrahim 27], the dialogue in the grave says: Who is your Lord? What is your religion? Who is your prophet? And in the Hereafter, the same.
فِي قَوْلِهِ {يُثَبِّتُ اللهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا بِالْقَوْلِ الثَّابِتِ فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا} [إبراهيم 27] قَالَ الْمُخَاطَبَةِ فِي الْقَبْرِ مَنْ رَبُّكَ؟ وَمَا دِينُكَ؟ وَمَنْ نَبِيُّكَ؟ وَفِي الْآخِرَةِ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ
"Allah keeps those who believe steadfast with firm word in this world and the Hereafter" was revealed in connection with the torment of the grave. (Using translation from Muslim 2871b)
«نَزَلَتْ فِي عَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ»
54.14.4 Subsection
٥٤۔١٤۔٤ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَأَحَلُّوا قَوْمَهُمْ دَارَ الْبَوَارِ} [إبراهيم: 28]
[Machine] "Regarding this verse {Those who exchange the favor of Allah for disbelief and settle their people in the abode of ruin - Hellfire - they will enter it} [Surah Ibrahim 29], he said, 'They are the disbelievers of the Quraysh on the day of Badr.'"
عَنْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ {الَّذِينَ بَدَّلُوا نِعْمَةَ اللهِ كُفْرًا وَأَحَلُّوا قَوْمَهُمْ دَارَ الْبَوَارِ جَهَنَّمَ يَصْلَوْنَهَا} [إبراهيم 29] قَالَ «هُمْ كُفَّارُ قُرَيْشٍ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ»
[Machine] "In His saying {Have you not seen those who have exchanged the favor of Allah for disbelief and settled their people in the home of ruin?} [Ibrahim 28], he said, 'They are the people of Makkah.' Sufyan said, meaning their disbelievers."
فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى {أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ بَدَّلُوا نِعْمَةَ اللهِ كُفْرًا وَأَحَلُّوا قَوْمَهُمْ دَارَ الْبَوَارِ} [إبراهيم 28] قَالَ «§هُمْ أَهْلُ مَكَّةَ» قَالَ سُفْيَانُ يَعْنِي كُفَّارَهُمْ
Verily the Messenger of Allah ﷺ recited the words of Allah, the Great and Glorious, that Ibrahim uttered. My Lord! lo! they have led many of mankind astray:" But whoso followeth me, he verily is of me" (al-Qur'an, xiv. 35) and Jesus (peace be upon him) said:" If thou punisheth them, lo! they are Thy slaves, and if Thou forgiveth them-verily Thou art the Mighty, the Wise" (al-Qur'an, v 117). Then he raised his hands and said: O Lord, my Ummah, my Ummah, and wept; so Allah the High and the Exalted said: O Gabriel, go to Muhammad (though your Lord knows it fully well) and ask him: What makes thee weep? So Gabriel (peace be upon him) came to him and asked him, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ informed him what he had said (though Allah knew it fully well). Upon this Allah said: O Gabriel, go to Muhammad and say: Verily We will please thee with regard to your Ummah and would not displease thee. (Using translation from Muslim 202)
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ تَلَا قَوْلَ اللهِ تَعَالَى فِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ {رَبِّ إِنَّهُنَّ أَضْلَلْنَ كَثِيرًا مِنَ النَّاسِ} [إبراهيم 36] الْآيَةَ وَقَالَ عِيسَى {إِنْ تُعَذِّبْهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ عِبَادُكَ وَإِنْ تَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ فَإِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ} [المائدة 118] فَرَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ فَقَالَ «اللهُمَّ أُمَّتِي أُمَّتِي» وَبَكَى ﷺ فَقَالَ اللهُ يَا جِبْرِيلُ اذْهَبْ إِلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَرَبُّكَ أَعْلَمُ فَاسْأَلْهُ مَا يُبْكِيهِ فَأَتَاهُ جِبْرِيلُ فَسَأَلَهُ فَأَخْبَرَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِمَا قَالَ وَهُوَ أَعْلَمُ فَقَالَ اللهُ يَا جِبْرِيلُ اذْهَبْ إِلَى مُحَمَّدٍ فَقُلْ لَهُ إِنَّا سَنُرْضِيكَ فِي أُمَّتِكَ وَلَا نَسُوؤكَ
When the Prophet ﷺ passed by (a place called) Al Hijr, he said, "Do not enter the house of those who were unjust to themselves, unless (you enter) weeping, lest you should suffer the same punishment as was inflicted upon them." After that he covered his face with his sheet cloth while he was on the camel-saddle. (Using translation from Bukhārī 3380)
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ لَمَّا مَرَّ بِالْحِجْرِ قَالَ «لَا تَدْخُلُوا مَسَاكِنَ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونُوا بَاكِينَ أَنْ يُصِيبَكُمْ مِثْلُ مَا أَصَابَهُمْ» وَتَقَنَّعَ بِرِدَائِهِ وَهُوَ عَلَى الرَّحْلِ