54. Tafsīr (Exegesis)
٥٤۔ كِتَابُ التَّفْسِيرِ
"The Messenger of Allah used to fast until we said: 'He does not want to break his fast.' And he used not to fast until we said: 'He does not want to fast."' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 2347)
«كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَصُومُ حَتَّى نَقُولَ مَا يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُفْطِرَ وَيُفْطِرُ حَتَّى نَقُولَ مَا يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَصُومَ وَكَانَ يَقْرَأُ فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ بِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَالزُّمَرَ»
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَجَعَلَ لِلَّهِ أَنْدَادًا} [الزمر: 8]
[Machine] Al-A'mash, so I asked him, "From whom did you hear this, O Abu Abdallah?" He said, "It was narrated to us by Abu Abdur-Rahman As-Salami, from Abu Musa Al-Ash'ari, from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ."
الْأَعْمَشُ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ مِمَّنْ سَمِعْتَهُ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ؟ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَاهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السَّلَمِيُّ عِنْدَ أَبِي مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيِّ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {إِنَّمَا يُوفَّى الصَّابِرُونَ أَجْرَهُمْ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ} [الزمر: 10]
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, says: "Whoever takes away both of My precious ones, then he has sought recompense and showed patience, I will not give him any reward other than Paradise."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ اللهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى مَنْ أَذْهَبْتُ كَرِيمَتَيْهِ فَاحْتَسَبَ وَصَبَرَ لَمْ أَجْعَلْ لَهُ ثَوَابًا دُونَ الْجَنَّةِ
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {ثُمَّ إِنَّكُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عِنْدَ رَبِّكُمْ تَخْتَصِمُونَ} [الزمر: 31]
[Machine] This verse was revealed and we do not know for what it was revealed {Then indeed, on the Day of Resurrection you will be resurrected}. We said, who do we argue with? There is no dispute between us and the People of the Book. Until the fitna occurred, Ibn Umar said, "This is what our Lord has promised us to dispute about."
نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ وَمَا نَعْلَمُ فِي أَيِّ شَيْءٍ نَزَلَتْ {ثُمَّ إِنَّكُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عِنْدَ رَبِّكُمْ تَخْتَصِمُونَ} [الزمر 31] قُلْنَا مَنْ نُخَاصِمُ لَيْسَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ خُصُومَةٌ؟ حَتَّى وَقَعَتِ الْفِتْنَةُ قَالَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ «هَذَا الَّذِي وَعَدَنَا رَبُّنَا أَنْ نَخْتَصِمَ فِيهِ»
قَوْلُهُ ﷻ: {اللهُ يَتَوَفَّى الْأَنْفُسَ حِينَ مَوْتِهَا} [الزمر: 42]
My father said, "One night we were traveling with the Prophet ﷺ and some people said, 'We wish that Messenger of Allah ﷺ would take a rest along with us during the last hours of the night.' He said, 'I am afraid that you will sleep and miss the (Fajr) prayer.' Bilal said, 'I will make you get up.' So all slept and Bilal rested his back against his Rahila and he too was overwhelmed (by sleep) and slept. The Prophet ﷺ got up when the edge of the sun had risen and said, 'O Bilal! What about your statement?' He replied, 'I have never slept such a sleep.' The Prophet ﷺ said, 'Allah captured your souls when He wished, and released them when He wished. O Bilal! Get up and pronounce the Adhan for the prayer.' The Prophet ﷺ performed ablution and when the sun came up and became bright, he stood up and prayed." (Using translation from Bukhārī 595)
سِرْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَنَحْنُ فِي سَفَرٍ ذَاتَ لَيْلَةٍ قُلْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ لَوْ عَرَّسْتَ بِنَا؟ قَالَ «إِنِّي أَخَافُ أَنْ تَنَامُوا فَمَنْ يُوقِظُنَا لِلصَّلَاةِ» فَقَالَ بِلَالٌ أَنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَعَرَّسَ الْقَوْمُ فَاضْطَجَعُوا وَاسْتَنَدَ بِلَالٌ إِلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ فَغَلَبَتْهُ عَيْنَاهُ فَاسْتَيْقَظَ رَسُولُ اللهِ وَقَدْ طَلَعَ حَاجِبُ الشَّمْسِ فَقَالَ «يَا بِلَالُ أَيْنَ مَا قُلْتَ؟» قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ مَا أُلْقِيَتْ عَلَيَّ نَوْمَةٌ مَثَلُهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «إِنَّ اللهَ قَبَضَ أَرْوَاحَكُمْ حِينَ شَاءَ وَرَدَّهَا عَلَيْكُمْ حِينَ شَاءَ» ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُمْ فَانْتَشَرُوا لِحَاجَتِهِمْ فَتَوَضَّئُوا وَقَدِ ارْتَفَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَصَلَّى بِهِمُ الْفَجْرَ
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {يَا عِبَادِيَ الَّذِينَ أَسْرَفُوا عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ} [الزمر: 53]
Some pagans who committed murders in great number and committed illegal sexual intercourse excessively, came to Muhammad and said, "O Muhammad! Whatever you say and invite people to, is good: but we wish if you could inform us whether we can make an expiration for our (past evil) deeds." So the Divine Verses came: 'Those who invoke not with Allah any other god, not kill such life as Allah has forbidden except for just cause, nor commit illegal sexual intercourse.' (25.68) And there was also revealed:-- 'Say: O My slaves who have transgressed against their souls! Despair not of the Mercy of Allah.' (39.53) (Using translation from Bukhārī 4810)
أَنَّ نَاسًا مِنْ أَهْلِ الشِّرْكِ قَدْ فَتَكُوا فَأَكْثَرُوا ثُمَّ أَتَوْا مُحَمَّدًا ﷺ فَقَالُوا إِنَّ الَّذِي تَقُولُ وَتَدْعُو إِلَيْهِ لَحَسَنٌ لَوْ تُخْبِرُنَا أَنَّ لِمَا عَمِلْنَا كَفَّارَةً فَنَزَلَتْ {وَالَّذِينَ لَا يَدْعُونَ مَعَ اللهِ إِلَهًا آخَرَ وَلَا يَقْتُلُونَ} [الفرقان 68] وَنَزَلَتْ {يَا عِبَادِيَ الَّذِينَ أَسْرَفُوا عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ} [الزمر 53]
54.39.6 Subsection
٥٤۔٣٩۔٦ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَمَا قَدَرُوا اللهَ حَقَّ قَدْرِهِ} [الأنعام: 91]
A priest from the Jews came (to the Prophet) and said, "On the Day of Resurrection, Allah will place all the heavens on one finger, and the Earth on one finger, and the waters and the land on one finger, and all the creation on one finger, and then He will shake them and say. 'I am the King! I am the King!'" I saw the Prophet ﷺ smiling till his premolar teeth became visible expressing his amazement and his belief in what he had said. Then the Prophet ﷺ recited: 'No just estimate have they made of Allah such as due to Him (up to)...; High is He above the partners they attribute to Him.' (39.67) (Using translation from Bukhārī 7513)
جَاءَ حَبْرٌ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ جَعَلَ اللهُ السَّمَوَاتِ عَلَى إِصْبَعٍ وَالْأَرَضِينَ عَلَى إِصْبَعٍ وَالْمَاءَ وَالثَّرَى عَلَى إِصْبَعٍ وَالشَّجَرَ عَلَى إِصْبَعٍ وَالْخَلَائِقَ كُلَّهَا عَلَى إِصْبَعٍ ثُمَّ يَهُزُّهُنَّ وَيَقُولُ أَنَا الْمَلِكُ فَلَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ ضَحِكَ حَتَّى بَدَتْ نَوَاجِذُهُ تَعَجُّبًا لِمَا قَالَ وَتَصْدِيقًا لَهُ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ {وَمَا قَدَرُوا اللهَ حَقَّ قَدْرِهِ وَالْأَرْضُ جَمِيعًا قَبْضَتُهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ} [الزمر 67]
A Jew came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, "O Muhammad! Allah will hold the heavens on a Finger, and the mountains on a Finger, and the trees on a Finger, and all the creation on a Finger, and then He will say, 'I am the King.' " On that Messenger of Allah ﷺ smiled till his premolar teeth became visible, and then recited:-- 'No just estimate have they made of Allah such as due to him....(39.67) ʿAbdullah added: Allah's Apostle smiled (at the Jew's statement) expressing his wonder and belief in what was said. (Using translation from Bukhārī 7414)
أَنْ يَهُودِيًّا جَاءَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنَّ اللهَ يُمْسِكُ السَّمَوَاتِ عَلَى إِصْبُعٍ وَالْأَرَضِينَ عَلَى إِصْبُعٍ وَالْجِبَالَ وَالْخَلَائِقَ عَلَى إِصْبُعٍ قَالَ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ أَنَا الْمَلِكُ فَضَحِكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حَتَّى بَدَتْ نَوَاجِذُهُ وَقَالَ {وَمَا قَدَرُوا اللهَ حَقَّ قَدْرِهِ} [الأنعام 91] [240] قَالَ يَحْيَى وَزَادَ فِيهِ فُضَيْلُ بْنُ عِيَاضٍ عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ عُبَيْدَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ فَضَحِكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ تَعَجُّبًا وَتَصْدِيقًا قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ خَالَفَهُ عِيسَى بْنُ يُونُسَ رَوَاهُ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ
[Machine] A man from the People of the Book came to the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and said, "Indeed, Allah carries the heavens on a finger, and carries the earth and the water and the soil on a finger, and carries the trees on a finger, and carries all creatures on a finger, and then he says, 'I am the King'." So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ laughed until his molars were visible.
جَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ يَحْمِلُ السَّمَوَاتِ عَلَى إِصْبُعٍ وَيَحْمِلُ الْأَرَضِينَ عَلَى إِصْبُعٍ وَيَحْمِلُ الْمَاءَ وَالثَّرَى عَلَى إِصْبُعٍ وَيَحْمِلُ الشَّجَرَ عَلَى إِصْبُعٍ وَيَحْمِلُ الْخَلَائِقَ كُلَّهَا عَلَى إِصْبُعٍ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ «أَنَا الْمَلِكُ» فَضَحِكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حَتَّى بَدَتْ نَوَاجِذُهُ
54.39 Sūrat al-Zumar
٥٤۔٣٩ سُورَةُ الزُّمَرِ
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَالْأَرْضُ جَمِيعًا قَبْضَتُهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ} [الزمر: 67]
[Machine] I asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about His saying ﷻ "and the earth, all of it, will be His grip on the Day of Resurrection and the heavens will be folded in His right hand." I said, "So where will the people be on that day?" He said, "On a bridge over the Hellfire."
أَنَّهَا سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ ﷻ {وَالْأَرْضُ جَمِيعًا قَبْضَتُهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَالسَّمَوَاتُ مَطْوِيَّاتٌ بِيَمِينِهِ} قُلْتُ فَأَيْنَ النَّاسُ يَوْمَئِذٍ؟ قَالَ «عَلَى جَسْرٍ جَهَنَّمَ»
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَالْأَرْضُ جَمِيعًا قَبْضَتُهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ} [الزمر: 67]
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "All the inhabitants of Paradise will say: 'If it were not for Allah's guidance, we would not have been grateful,' and all the inhabitants of Hellfire will say: 'If it were not for Allah's guidance, we would have been full of regret.'"
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ كُلُّ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ يَقُولُ لَوْلَا أَنَّ اللهَ هَدَانِي فَيَكُونُ لَهُمْ شُكْرًا وَكُلُّ أَهْلِ النَّارِ يَقُولُ لَوْ أَنَّ اللهَ هَدَانِي فَيَكُونُ عَلَيْهِمْ حَسْرَةً
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَالسَّمَوَاتُ مَطْوِيَّاتٌ بِيَمِينِهِ}
"The Messenger of Allah said: Allah will seize the earth on the Day of Ressurection, and He will roll up the heavens in his Right Hand, then He will say, "I am the Sovereign. Where are the kings of the earth?'" (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 192)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَقْبِضُ اللهَ الْأَرَضِينَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَيَطْوِي السَّمَوَاتِ بِيَمِينِهِ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ أَنَا الْمَلِكُ أَيْنُ مُلُوكُ الْأَرْضِ
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَنُفِخَ فِي الصُّورِ فَصَعِقَ مَنْ فِي السَّمَوَاتِ}
[Machine] An Arab asked the Prophet ﷺ , "What are the Suroor?" Suede said, "An Arab came to the Prophet ﷺ and asked, 'What are the Suroor?' He replied, 'A horn that is blown into.'"
سَأَلَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ مَا الصُّورُ؟ قَالَ سُوَيْدٌ جَاءَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ مَا الصُّورُ؟ قَالَ «قَرْنٌ يُنْفَخُ فِيهِ»
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {فَصَعِقَ مَنْ فِي السَّمَوَاتِ وَمَنْ فِي الْأَرْضِ إِلَّا مَنْ شَاءَ اللهُ}
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Do not make me choose between myself and Moses, for on the Day of Resurrection, people will be in a state of shock, and I will be the first to regain consciousness. Then Moses will be holding on to the side of the throne, and I do not know whether he will be shocked and regain consciousness before me or if he will be among those whom Allah has exempted."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «لَا تُخَيِّرُونِي عَلَى مُوسَى فَإِنَّ النَّاسَ يُصْعَقُونَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَأَكُونُ أَوَّلَ مَنْ يُفِيقُ فَإِذَا مُوسَى بَاطِشٌ بِجَانِبِ الْعَرْشِ فَلَا أَدْرِي أَصُعِقَ فَأَفَاقَ قَبْلِي أَمْ كَانَ مِمَّنِ اسْتَثْنَى اللهُ»
54.39.11 Subsection
٥٤۔٣٩۔١١ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {ثُمَّ نُفِخَ فِيهِ أُخْرَى} [الزمر: 68]
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said: "Do not differentiate between the Prophets of Allah, for when the trumpet is blown, everyone in the heavens and on earth will be struck dead except whomever Allah wills. Then it will be blown again, and I will be the first one to be resurrected. When Moses ﷺ is holding on to the Throne, I do not know whether I will be questioned about the thunderbolt at Mount Tur, or whether I will be resurrected before him. And I do not say that anyone is better than Jonah, son of Matta."
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ لَا تُفَضِّلُوا بَيْنَ أَنْبِيَاءِ اللهِ فَإِنَّهُ يُنْفَخُ فِي الصُّورِ فَيُصْعَقُ مَنْ فِي السَّمَوَاتِ وَمَنْ فِي الْأَرْضِ إِلَّا مَنْ شَاءَ اللهُ ثُمَّ يُنْفَخُ فِيهِ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى فَأَكُونُ أَوَّلَ مَنْ بُعِثَ فَإِذَا مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ آخِذٌ بِالْعَرْشِ فَلَا أَدْرِي أَحُوسِبَ بِصَعْقَتِهِ يَومَ الطُّورِ أَوْ بُعِثَ قَبْلِي وَلَا أَقُولُ إِنَّ أَحَدًا أَفْضَلَ مِنْ يُونُسَ بْنِ مَتَّى
Abu Huraira said, "Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'Between the two sounds of the trumpet, there will be forty." Somebody asked Abu Huraira, "Forty days?" But he refused to reply. Then he asked, "Forty months?" He refused to reply. Then he asked, "Forty years?" Again, he refused to reply. Abu Huraira added. "Then (after this period) Allah will send water from the sky and then the dead bodies will grow like vegetation grows, There is nothing of the human body that does not decay except one bone; that is the little bone at the end of the coccyx of which the human body will be recreated on the Day of Resurrection." (See Hadith No. 338) (Using translation from Bukhārī 4935)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «بَيْنَ النَّفْخَتَيْنِ أَرْبَعُونَ» قَالُوا يَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ أَرْبَعُونَ يَوْمًا؟ قَالَ أَبَيْتُ قَالُوا أَرْبَعُونَ شَهْرًا؟ قَالَ أَبَيْتُ قَالُوا أَرْبَعُونَ سَنَةً؟ قَالَ أَبَيْتُ قَالَ «ثُمَّ يَنْزِلُ اللهُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاءً فَيَنْبُتُونَ كَمَا يَنْبُتُ الْبَقْلُ» قَالَ «وَلَيْسَ مِنَ الْإِنْسَانِ شَيْءٌ إِلَّا يَبْلَى إِلَّا عَظْمٌ وَاحِدٌ وَهُوَ عَجْبُ الذَّنَبِ» قَالَ وَفِيهِ يُرَكَّبُ الْخَلْقُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ
[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ one day on the pulpit saying, "O people." She said, while she was combing her hair, she turned her head and stood up from behind her room. She heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, "O people, while I am at the Pond, a group will pass by you and the paths will diverge from you. So I will call you, 'Come to the path.' Then a caller from behind me will call, 'They have changed after you.' So I will say, 'Woe, woe.'
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ «يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ» قَالَتْ وَهِيَ تَمْتَشِطُ فَلَفَّتْ رَأْسَهَا وَقَامَتْ مِنْ وَرَاءِ حُجْرَتِهَا فَسَمِعَتْ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ بَيْنَا أَنَا عَلَى الْحَوْضِ إِذْ مُرَّ بِكُمْ زُمَرًا تَذْهَبُ بِكُمُ الطُّرُقُ فَأُنَادِيكُمْ أَلَا هَلُمَّ إِلَى الطَّرِيقِ فَيُنَادِي مُنَادٍ مِنْ وَرَائِي إِنَّهُمْ بَدَّلُوا بَعْدَكَ فَأَقُولُ أَلَا سُحْقًا أَلَا سُحْقًا