54. Tafsīr (Exegesis)
٥٤۔ كِتَابُ التَّفْسِيرِ
"Women used to circumambulate the Kabah naked, saying: 'Today some, or all of it will appear And whatever appers I don't make is permissible.' Then the following was revealed: 'O Children of Adam! Take your adornment to every Masjid.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 2956)
كَانَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ تَطُوفُ بِالْبَيْتِ وَهِيَ عُرْيَانَةٌ وَتَقُولُ [البحر الرجز] الْيَوْمَ يَبْدُو بَعْضُهُ أَوْ كُلُّهُ وَمَا بَدَا مِنْهُ فَلَا أُحِلُّهُ فَنَزَلَتْ {يَا بَنِي آدَمَ خُذُوا زِينَتَكُمْ عِنْدَ كُلِّ مَسْجِدٍ} [الأعراف 31]
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {قُلْ إِنَّمَا حَرَّمَ رَبِّيَ الْفَوَاحِشَ} [الأعراف: 33]
None is more self-respectidg than Allah and it is because of this that He has prohibited abominable acts-both visible and invisible-and none loves His praise more than Allah Himself. (Using translation from Muslim 2760b)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «لَا أَحَدَ أَغْيَرُ مِنَ اللهِ وَلِذَلِكَ حَرَّمَ الْفَوَاحِشَ مَا ظَهَرَ مِنْهَا وَمَا بَطَنَ وَلَا أَحَدَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْهِ الْمَدْحُ مِنَ اللهِ» وَاللَّفْظُ لِابْنِ الْعَلَاءِ
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَنُودُوا أَنْ تِلْكُمُ الْجَنَّةُ أُورِثْتُمُوهَا بِمَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ} [الأعراف: 43]
[Machine] About the Prophet ﷺ , it was narrated that he said, "[And you will be called and told], 'This is Paradise, which you have been made to inherit.'" (Surah Al-A'raf 43) He said, "You will be called and told to be healthy so that you do not fall ill, and to be blessed so that you do not become miserable, and to grow older so that you do not become weak."
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ {وَنُودُوا أَنْ تِلْكُمُ الْجَنَّةُ} [الأعراف 43] قَالَ نُودُوا أَنْ صِحُّوا فَلَا تَسْقَمُوا وَانْعَمُوا فَلَا تَبْؤُسُوا وَشِبُّوا فَلَا تَهْرَمُوا
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {فَأَتَوْا عَلَى قَوْمٍ يَعْكِفُونَ عَلَى أَصْنَامٍ لَهُمْ قَالُوا يَا مُوسَى اجْعَلْ لَنَا إِلَهًا} [الأعراف: 138]
[Machine] "We went out with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ before the Battle of Hunayn, and we passed by a Sidrah tree. So I said, 'O Messenger of Allah, make for us a Sidrah like the one the disbelievers had, as they used to hang their weapons on it and gather around it.' The Prophet ﷺ said, 'Allahu Akbar! This is like what Banu Isra'il said, 'Make for us a god as they have gods.' (Surah Al-A'raf, 7:138) Indeed, you are following the traditions of those before you."
خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَبْلَ حُنَيْنٍ فَمَرَرْنَا بِسِدْرَةٍ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ اجْعَلْ لَنَا هَذِهِ ذَاتَ أَنْوَاطٍ كَمَا لِلْكُفَّارِ ذَاتُ أَنْوَاطٍ وَكَانَ الْكُفَّارُ يَنُوطُونَ سِلَاحَهُمْ بِسِدْرَةٍ وَيَعْكُفُونَ حَوْلَهَا فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ هَذَا كَمَا قَالَتْ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ {اجْعَلْ لَنَا إِلَهًا كَمَا لَهُمْ آلِهَةً} [الأعراف 138] إِنَّكُمْ تَرْكَبُونَ سَنَنَ الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {يَا مُوسَى إِنِّي اصْطَفَيْتُكَ عَلَى النَّاسِ بِرِسَالَاتِي وَبِكَلَامِي} [الأعراف: 144]
[Machine] Narrated by the Prophet (PBUH), he said: Moses met Adam, peace be upon them both, and asked him, "Are you Adam, the father of mankind who caused their misery and expelled them?" Adam replied, "Yes." Moses then asked, "Are you Moses, the one chosen by Allah with His message and His word?" Adam said, "Yes." Moses said, "Don't you find in what Allah revealed to you that He will remove me from it before He admits me to it?" Adam replied, "Yes." So, Adam rebutted Moses.
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ لَقِيَ مُوسَى آدَمَ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ فَقَالَ أَنْتَ آدَمُ أَبُو الْبَشَرِ الَّذِي أَشْقَيْتَ النَّاسَ وَأَخْرَجْتَهُمْ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ أَلَسْتَ مُوسَى الَّذِي اصْطَفَاكَ اللهُ بِرِسَالَتِهِ وَكَلَامِهِ؟ قَالَ بَلَى قَالَ أَفَلَيْسَ تَجِدُ فِي مَا أَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَلَيْكَ أَنَّهُ سَيُخْرِجُنِي مِنْهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يُدْخِلَنِيهَا؟ قَالَ بَلَى فَخَصَمَ آدَمُ مُوسَى
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَكَتَبْنَا لَهُ فِي الْأَلْوَاحَ} [الأعراف: 145]
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Moses said to Adam, 'You are the one who caused the people to be disappointed and expelled them from Paradise?' Adam replied, 'You are the one whom Allah chose and wrote the Torah for with His own hand. Do you blame me for something that Allah had decreed upon me forty years before He created me?'"
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مُوسَى لِآدَمَ أَنْتَ الَّذِي خَيَّبْتَ النَّاسَ وَأَخْرَجْتَهُمْ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ؟ فَقَالَ آدَمُ أَنْتَ الَّذِي اصْطَفَاكَ اللهُ وَكَتَبَ لَكَ بِيَدِهِ التَّوْرَاةَ أَتَلُومُنِي عَلَى أَمْرٍ قَدْ قَدَرَهُ اللهُ عَلَيَّ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَخْلُقَنِي بِأَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً؟
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {الْمَنَّ وَالسَّلْوَى} [البقرة: 57]
I heard the Prophet ﷺ saying, "Truffles are like Manna (i.e. they grow naturally without care) and their water heals eye diseases." (Using translation from Bukhārī 5708)
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «الْكَمْأَةُ مِنَ الْمَنِّ وَمَاؤُهَا شِفَاءٌ لِلْعَيْنِ»
11125 – أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى وَعَمْرُو بْنُ يَزِيدَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ أَخْبَرَنِي الْحَكَمُ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ الْعُرَنِيِّ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ حُرَيْثٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ شُعْبَةُ لَمَّا حَدَّثَنِي بِهِ الْحَكَمُ لَمْ أُنْكِرْهُ مِنْ حَدِيثِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَإِذْ أَخَذَ رَبُّكَ مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ مِنْ ظُهُورِهِمْ} [الأعراف: 172]
that 'Umar bin Al-Khattab was asked about this Ayah: And when your Lord brought forth from the Children of Adam, from their loins, their seed and made them testify as to themselves: "Am I not your Lord?" They said: "Yes! We testify," lest you should say on the Day of Resurrection: 'Verily, we have been unaware of this (7:172).'" So 'Umar bin Al-Khattab said: "I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ being asked about it. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Indeed Allah created Adam, then He wiped his back with His Right Hand, and his offspring came out of him. So he said: "I created these for Paradise, and they will do the deeds of the people of Paradise." Then He wiped his back, and his offspring came out of him. So He said: "I created these for the Fire, and they will do the deeds of the people of the Fire." A man said: 'Then of what good is doing deeds O Messenger of Allah!' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Verily, when Allah created a man for Paradise, He makes him perform the deeds of the people of Paradise, until he dies doing one of the deeds of the people of Paradise. So Allah will admit him into Paradise. And when He created a man for the Fire, He makes him perform the deeds of the people of the Fire until he dies doing the deeds of the people of the Fire. So Allah will enter him into the Fire.'" (Using translation from Tirmidhī 3075)
عَنْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ {وَإِذْ أَخَذَ رَبُّكَ مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ مِنْ ظُهُورِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ وَأَشْهَدَهُمْ عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ أَلَسْتُ بِرَبِّكُمْ قَالُوا بَلَى شَهِدْنَا أَنْ تَقُولُوا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ إِنَّا كُنَّا عَنْ هَذَا غَافِلِينَ} [الأعراف 172] فَقَالَ عُمَرُ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يُسْأَلُ عَنْهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ خَلَقَ آدَمَ فَمَسَحَ ظَهْرَهُ بِيَمِينِهِ فَاسْتَخْرَجَ مِنْهُ ذُرِّيَّةً فَقَالَ خَلَقْتُ هَؤُلَاءِ لِلْجَنَّةِ وَبِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ يَعْمَلُونَ ثُمَّ مَسَحَ ظَهْرَهُ فَاسْتَخْرَجَ مِنْهُ ذُرِّيَّةً فَقَالَ خَلَقْتُ هَؤُلَاءِ لِلنَّارِ وَبِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ يَعْمَلُونَ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَفِيمَ الْعَمَلُ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «إِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ إِذَا خَلَقَ الْعَبْدَ لِلْجَنَّةِ اسْتَعْمَلَهُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ حَتَّى يَمُوتَ عَلَى عَمَلِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ فَيُدْخِلُهُ بِهِ الْجَنَّةَ وَإِذَا خَلَقَ الْعَبْدَ لِلنَّارِ اسْتَعْمَلَهُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ حَتَّى يَمُوتَ عَلَى عَمَلِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ فَيُدْخِلُهُ بِهِ النَّارَ»
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَإِذْ أَخَذَ رَبُّكَ مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ مِنْ ظُهُورِهِمْ} [الأعراف: 172]
[Machine] About the Prophet ﷺ , he said: "Allah, the Glorified and Exalted, took the covenant from the back of Adam, son of Nu'man, meaning Arafah. Then He extracted from his loins all the descendants that He had created and scattered them in front of Him as tiny particles that spread out like dust. Then He addressed them and recited to them the verse (of the Qur'an): 'Am I not your Lord?' They all replied: 'Yes, we testify.' This is so you cannot say on the Day of Resurrection: 'We were not aware of this.'" (Qur'an, Surah Al-A'raf, 7:172) Abu 'Abdur-Rahman said: "This Hadith is not strong and his narration is not reliable."
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ أَخَذَ اللهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى الْمِيثَاقَ مِنْ ظَهْرِ آدَمَ بِنَعْمَانَ يَعْنِي عَرَفَةَ فَأَخْرَجَ مِنْ صُلْبِهِ كُلَّ ذُرِّيَّةٍ ذَرَأَهَا فَنَثَرَهُمْ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ كَالذَّرِّ ثُمَّ كَلَّمَهُمْ فَتَلَا قَالَ {أَلَسْتُ بِرَبِّكَمْ قَالُوا بَلَى شَهِدْنَا أَنْ تَقُولُوا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ إِنَّا كُنَّا عَنْ هَذَا غَافِلِينَ} [الأعراف 172] إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَكُلْثُومٌ هَذَا لَيْسَ بِالْقَوِيِّ وَحَدِيثُهُ لَيْسَ بِالْمَحْفُوظِ
54.7.8 Subsection
٥٤۔٧۔٨ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {آتَيْنَاهُ آيَاتِنَا فَانْسَلَخَ مِنْهَا} [الأعراف: 175] وَذِكْرُ الِاخْتِلَافِ فِيهِ
[Machine] Abdullah said, "Our saying (mentioned in the scripture) is: 'We gave him Our signs, and he turned away from it.'" [Al-A'raf 175]. He said that this was revealed concerning Umayyah.
عَبْدُ اللهِ قَوْلُهُ {آتَيْنَاهُ آيَاتِنَا فَانْسَلَخَ مِنْهَا} [الأعراف 175] قَالَ نَزَلَتْ فِي أُمَيَّةَ
[Machine] About Abdullah's saying: "And recite to them the news of the one to whom We gave Our verses, but he detached himself from them" [Quran 7:175], he said it is referring to Bal'am. And he said it was revealed regarding Umayyah.
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ فِي قَوْلِهِ {وَاتْلُ عَلَيْهِمْ نَبَأَ الَّذِي آتَيْنَاهُ آيَاتِنَا فَانْسَلَخَ مِنْهَا} [الأعراف 175] قَالَ هُوَ بَلْعَمٌ وَقَالَ نَزَلَتْ فِي أُمَيَّةَ
هُوَ أُمَيَّةُ بْنُ أَبِي الصَّلْتِ
54.7 Sūrat al-Aʾrāf
٥٤۔٧ سُورَةُ الْأَعْرَافِ
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {خُذِ الْعَفْوَ وَأْمُرْ بِالْعُرْفِ} [الأعراف: 199]
[Machine] "Allah the Exalted has revealed {Accept forgiveness} [Surah Al-A'raf 199] as one of the qualities of people."
إِنَّمَا أَنْزَلَ اللهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى {خُذِ الْعَفْوَ} [الأعراف 199] مِنْ أَخْلَاقِ النَّاسِ