54. Tafsīr (Exegesis)
٥٤۔ كِتَابُ التَّفْسِيرِ
[Machine] That the Prophet ﷺ took my hand and said, "O Abu Hurairah, indeed Allah created the heavens and the earth and whatever is between them in six days, then He ascended the throne on the seventh day. He created the soil on Saturday, the mountains on Sunday, the trees on Monday, the different species on Tuesday, the light on Wednesday, the animals on Thursday, and Adam on Friday in the last hour of the day after Asr prayer. Allah made from Adam the pure and the impure."
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أَخَذَ بِيَدِي قَالَ «يَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ إِنَّ اللهَ خَلَقَ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالْأَرَضِينَ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا فِي سِتَّةِ أَيَّامٍ ثُمَّ اسْتَوَى عَلَى الْعَرْشِ يَوْمَ السَّابِعِ وَخَلَقَ التُّرْبَةَ يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ وَالْجِبَالَ يَوْمَ الْأَحَدِ وَالشَّجَرَ يَوْمَ الِاثْنَيْنِ وَالتِّقْنَ يَوْمَ الثُّلَاثَاءِ وَالنُّورَ يَوْمَ الْأَرْبِعَاءِ وَالدَّوَابَّ يَوْمَ الْخَمِيسِ وَآدَمَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فِي آخِرِ سَاعَةٍ مِنَ النَّهَارِ بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ وَخَلَقَ أَدِيمَ الْأَرْضِ أَحْمَرَهَا وَأَسْوَدَهَا وَطَيِّبَهَا وَخَبِيثَهَا مِنْ أَجْلِ ذَلِكَ جَعَلَ اللهُ ﷻ مِنْ آدَمَ الطِّيِّبَ وَالْخَبِيثَ»
“For the Subh prayer on Fridays, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to recite ‘Alif-Lam-Mim. The revelation...’ [32:1] and ‘Has there not been over man...’” [76:1] (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 821)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ يَقْرَأُ فِي صَلَاةِ الصُّبْحِ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ الم تَنْزِيلُ وَهَلْ أَتَى اللَّفْظُ لِعَمْرٍو
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {تَتَجَافَى جُنُوبُهُمْ عَنِ الْمَضَاجِعِ} [السجدة: 16]، وَقَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {فَلَا تَعْلَمُ نَفْسٌ مَا أُخْفِيَ لَهُمْ مِنْ قُرَّةِ أَعْيُنٍ} [السجدة: 17]
"I accompanied the Prophet ﷺ on a journey. One day I was near him while we were moving so I said: 'O Messenger of Allah! Inform me about an action by which I will be admitted into Paradise, and which will keep me far from the Fire.' He said: 'You have asked me about something great, but it is easy for whomever Allah makes it easy: Worship Allah and do not associate any partners with Him, establish the Salat, give the Zakat, fast Ramadan and perform Hajj to the HOuse.' Then he said: 'Shall I not guide you to the doors of good? Fasting is a shield, and charity extinguishes sins like water extinguishes fire - and a man's praying in depths of the night.'" He said: "Then he recited: 'Their sides forsake their beds to call upon their Lord.' Until he reached: 'What they used to do.' [32:16-17] Then he said: 'Shall I not inform you about the head of the entire matter, and its pillar, and its hump?' I said: 'Of course O Messenger of Allah! He said: 'The head of the matter is Islam, and its pillar is the Salat, and its hump is Jihad.' Then he said: 'Shall I not inform you about what governs all of that?' I said: 'Of course O Messenger of Allah!'" He ﷺ said: "So he grabbed his tongue. He said 'Restrain this.' I said: 'O Prophet of Allah! Will we be taken to account for what we say?' He said: 'May your mother grieve your loss O Mu'adh! Are the people tossed into the Fire upon their faces, or upon their noses, except because of what their tongues have wrought'" (Using translation from Tirmidhī 2616)
كُنْتُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَأَصْبَحْتُ قَرِيبًا مِنْهُ وَنَحْنُ نَسِيرُ فَقُلْتُ يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ أَخْبِرْنِي بِعَمَلٍ يُدْخِلُنِي الْجَنَّةَ وَيُبْعِدُنِي عَنِ النَّارِ قَالَ «لَقَدْ سَأَلْتَ عَنْ عَظِيمٍ وَإِنَّهُ لَيَسِيرٌ عَلَى مَنْ يَسَّرَهُ اللهُ عَلَيْهِ تُقِيمُ الصَّلَاةَ وَتُؤْتِي الزَّكَاةَ وَتَصُومُ رَمَضَانَ وَتَحُجُّ الْبَيْتَ» ثُمَّ قَالَ «أَلَا أَدُلُّكَ عَلَى أَبْوَابِ الْخَيْرِ؟ الصَّوْمُ جُنَّةٌ وَالصَّدَقَةُ تُطْفِئُ الْخَطِيئَةَ كَمَا يُطْفِئُ الْمَاءُ النَّارَ وَصَلَاةُ الرَّجُلِ مِنْ جَوْفِ اللَّيْلِ» ثُمَّ تَلَا {تَتَجَافَى جُنُوبُهُمْ عَنِ الْمَضَاجِعِ} [السجدة 16] حَتَّى {يَعْمَلُونَ} [السجدة 17] ثُمَّ قَالَ «أَلَا أُخْبِرُكَ بِرَأْسِ الْأَمْرِ وَعَمُودِهِ وَذِرْوَةِ سَنَامِهِ؟» قُلْتُ بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَالَ «رَأْسُ الْأَمْرِ الْإِسْلَامُ وَعَمُودُهُ الصَّلَاةُ وَذِرْوَةُ سَنَامِهِ الْجِهَادُ» ثُمَّ قَالَ «أَلَا أُخْبِرُكَ بِمِلَاكِ ذَلِكَ كُلِّهِ؟» قُلْتُ بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَأَخَذَ بِلِسَانِهِ فَقَالَ «كُفَّ عَلَيْكَ هَذَا» قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَإِنَّا لَمُؤَاخَذُونَ بِمَا نَتَكَلَّمُ بِهِ؟ قَالَ ثَكِلَتْكَ أُمُّكَ يَا مُعَاذُ وَهَلْ يَكُبُّ النَّاسَ فِي النَّارِ عَلَى وُجُوهِهِمْ أَوْ قَالَ عَلَى مَنَاخِرِهِمْ إِلَّا حَصَائِدُ أَلْسِنَتِهِمْ؟
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَلَنُذِيقَنَّهُمْ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ الْأَدْنَى دُونَ الْعَذَابِ الْأَكْبَرِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَرْجِعُونَ} [السجدة: 21]
[Machine] Abdullah said, "We will surely make them taste the lesser punishment before the greater punishment." [Surah As-Sajdah 21] He said, "Years have passed over them."
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ {وَلَنُذِيقَنَّهُمْ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ الْأَدْنَى دُونَ الْعَذَابِ الْأَكْبَرِ} [السجدة 21] قَالَ «سِنُونَ أَصَابَتْهُمُ»