54. Tafsīr (Exegesis)
٥٤۔ كِتَابُ التَّفْسِيرِ
[Machine] During the time of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ , she said, "Don't you recite this Surah, O Mu'ammil?" I said, "Yes." She said, "Verily, Allah enjoined the performance of the night prayer in the beginning of this Surah. So the Prophet ﷺ and his Companions stood in prayer all night until their feet swelled up. Then Allah held back the end of this Surah (i.e., revelation was stopped for a period of time) for twelve months. Then Allah revealed the leniency at the end of this Surah, so voluntary night prayers after the obligatory prayers are now optional."
عَنْ قِيَامِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَتْ «أَلَسْتَ تَقْرَأُ هَذِهِ السُّورَةَ يَا أَيُّهَا الْمُزَّمِّلُ؟» قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَتْ «فَإِنَّ اللهَ افْتَرَضَ الْقِيَامَ فِي أَوَّلِ هَذِهِ السُّورَةِ فَقَامَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابُهُ حَوْلًا حَتَّى انْتَفَخَتْ أَقْدَامُهُمْ وَأَمْسَكَ اللهُ خَاتِمَتَهَا اثْنَيْ عَشْرَ شَهْرًا ثُمَّ أَنْزَلَ اللهُ ﷻ التَّخْفِيفَ فِي آخِرِ هَذِهِ السُّورَةِ فَصَارَ قِيَامُ اللَّيْلِ تَطَوُّعًا بَعْدَ فَرِيضَةٍ» مُخْتَصَرٌ
[Machine] "She has the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , said to her, 'O daughter of Abu Bakr,' and then Qutaybah mentioned a word meaning, 'Be vigilant on your duties.' He used to spend the night with her, as much as Allah willed, until he got up for his prayer, and he rarely slept at night when Allah said to him, 'Stand [in prayer] at night, except for a little.' [Surah Al-Muzzammil, verse 2]."
لَهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «يَا بِنْتَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ قُتَيْبَةُ كَلِمَةً مَعْنَاهَا اتَّزِرِي عَلَى وَسَطِكِ» وَكَانَ يُبَاشِرُهَا مِنَ اللَّيْلِ مَا شَاءَ اللهُ حَتَّى يَقُومَ لَصَلَاتِهِ وَقَلَّ مَا كَانَ يَنَامُ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ لَمَّا قَالَ اللهُ ﷻ لَهُ {قُمِ اللَّيْلَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا} [المزمل 2]
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah said, "The Dajjal will come out and Allah will send Jesus son of Mary, ﷺ , as if he were Urwah bin Mas'ood Ath-Thaqafi. He will seek him out and kill him, and then the people will live for nine years without any enmity between them. Then Allah will send a cool wind from the direction of Sham, which will not spare anyone with even an atom's weight of faith in their hearts. The wind will seize them until even if someone were in the depths of a mountain, it would reach them. I heard it from the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ . The worst of people will remain, light as birds and with the minds of beasts, not recognizing what is good or rejecting what is evil. The devil will appear to them and command them to worship idols, and they will do so. Their sustenance will be good during that time, but then a blast will be blown in the trumpet and no one will be left except that they will be struck. Then Allah will send rain, from which the bodies of the people will grow. Another blast will be blown, and they will rise, looking around. Then it will be said, 'O people, come to your Lord,' and they will stand. Then it will be said, 'Drive out the people of the Fire,' and it will be asked, 'How many are they?' It will be said, 'Nine hundred and ninety-nine out of every one thousand.' On that day, the children will become grey-haired. And on that day, 'The covering of shame will be removed from the leg.' Muhammad bin Ja'far said, "Shu'bah narrated to me this hadith from An-Nu'man bin Salim, and I presented it to him."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ «يَخْرُجُ الدَّجَّالُ فَيَبْعَثُ اللهُ ﷻ عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ كَأَنَّهُ عُرْوَةُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ الثَّقَفِيُّ فَيَطْلُبُهُ فَيُهْلِكُهُ ثُمَّ يَلْبَثُ النَّاسُ بَعْدَهُ تِسْعَ سِنِينَ لَيْسَ بَيْنَ اثْنَيْنِ عَدَاوَةٌ ثُمَّ يُرْسِلُ اللهُ ﷻ رِيحًا بَارِدَةً مِنْ قِبَلِ الشَّامِ فَلَا تُبْقِي أَحَدًا فِي قَلْبِهِ مِثْقَالُ ذَرَّةٍ مِنْ إِيمَانٍ إِلَّا قَبْضَتْهُ حَتَّى لَوْ أَنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ كَانَ فِي كَبِدِ جَبَلٍ دَخَلَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ» قَالَ سَمِعْتُهَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَيَبْقَى شِرَارُ النَّاسِ فِي خِفَّةِ الطَّيْرِ وَأَحْلَامِ السِّبَاعِ لَا يَعْرِفُونَ مَعْرُوفًا وَلَا يُنْكِرُونَ مُنْكَرًا فَيَتَمَثَّلُ لَهُمُ الشَّيْطَانُ فَيَأْمُرُهُمْ بِالْأَوْثَانِ فَيَعْبُدُونَهَا وَهُمْ فِي ذَلِكَ دَارَّةٌ أَرْزَاقُهُمْ حَسَنَةٌ عِيْشَتُهُمْ ثُمَّ يُنْفُخُ فِي الصُّورِ فَلَا يَبْقَى أَحَدٌ إِلَّا صُعِقَ ثُمَّ يُرْسِلُ اللهُ أَوْ يُنْزِلُ اللهُ مَطَرًا فَتُنْبُتُ مِنْهُ أَجْسَادُ النَّاسِ ثُمَّ يُنْفَخُ فِيهِ أُخْرَى فَإِذَا هُمْ قِيَامٌ يَنْظُرُونَ ثُمَّ يُقَالُ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ هَلُمُّوا إِلَى رَبِّكَمْ {وَقِفُوهُمْ إِنَّهُمْ مَسْئُولُونَ} [الصافات 24] ثُمَّ قَالَ أَخْرِجُوا بَعْثَ أَهْلِ النَّارِ فَيُقَالُ كَمْ؟ فَيُقَالُ مِنْ كُلِّ أَلْفٍ تِسْعُمِائَةٍ وَتِسْعَةٌ وَتِسْعُونَ فَيَوْمَئِذٍ يُبْعَثُ {الْوِلْدَانُ شِيبًا} [المزمل 17] وَيَوْمَئِذٍ {يُكْشَفُ عَنْ سَاقٍ} [القلم 42] قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ حَدَّثَنِي شُعْبَةُ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ عَنِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ وَعَرَضْتُهُ عَلَيْهِ
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {هُوَ أَهْلُ التَّقْوَى وَأَهْلُ الْمَغْفِرَةِ} [المدثر: 56]
[Machine] The Prophet of Allah ﷺ said regarding His saying, "He is the possessor of piety and forgiveness" [Al-Muddathir 56]: He (Allah) says, "Your Lord says, 'I am the most deserving of being feared, that a partner should be made with Me, and whoever fears that a partner should be made with Me, then I am the most deserving of forgiving him.'"
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ فِي قَوْلِهِ {هُوَ أَهْلُ التَّقْوَى وَأَهْلُ الْمَغْفِرَةِ} [المدثر 56] قَالَ يَقُولُ رَبُّكَمْ أَنَا أَهْلٌ أَنْ أُتَّقَى أَنْ يُجْعَلَ مَعِي إِلَهٌ غَيْرِي وَمَنِ اتَّقَى أَنْ يُجْعَلَ مَعِي إِلَهًا غَيْرِي فَأَنَا أَهْلٌ أَنْ أَغْفِرَ لَهُ