54. Tafsīr (Exegesis)
٥٤۔ كِتَابُ التَّفْسِيرِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Indeed, there are some people from my Ummah who will be punished for their sins and they will remain in the Fire as long as Allah wills. Then, the polytheists will insult them and say to them, 'We do not see any benefit that you used to differ with us in your belief and faith.' This will bring them great regret. There will not remain a single monotheist except that Allah will eventually take them out (of the Fire)." Then, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ recited this verse, "Perhaps those who disbelieve wish that they had been Muslims" (Quran 15:2).
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّ نَاسًا مِنْ أُمَّتِي يُعَذَّبُونَ بِذُنُوبِهِمْ فَيَكُونُونَ فِي النَّارِ مَا شَاءَ اللهُ أَنْ يَكُونُوا ثُمَّ يُعَيِّرُهُمْ أَهْلُ الشِّرْكِ فَيَقُولُونَ لَهُمْ مَا نَرَى مَا كُنْتُمْ تُخَالِفُونَا فِيهِ مِنْ تَصْدِيقِكُمْ وَإِيْمَانِكُمْ نَفَعَكُمْ لِمَا يُرِيدُ اللهُ أَنْ يُرِيَ أَهْلَ الشِّرْكِ مِنَ الْحَسْرَةِ فَمَا يَبْقَى مُوَحِدٌ إِلَّا أَخْرَجَهُ اللهُ ثُمَّ تَلَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {رُبَمَا يَوَدُّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لَوْ كَانُوا مُسْلِمِينَ} [الحجر 2]
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {إِلَّا مِنَ اسْتَرَقَ السَّمْعَ} [الحجر: 18]
A person from the Ansar who was amongst the Companions of Messenger of Allah ﷺ reported to me: As we were sitting during the night with Messenger of Allah ﷺ, a meteor shot gave a dazzling light. Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: What did you say in the pre-Islamic days when there was such a shot (of meteor)? They said: Allah and His Messenger know best (the actual position), but we, however, used to say that that very night a great man had been born and a great man had died, whereupon Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: (These meteors) are shot neither at the death of anyone nor on the birth of anyone. Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, issues Command when He decides to do a thing. Then (the Angels) supporting the Throne sing His glory, then sing the dwellers of heaven who are near to them until this glory of God reaches them who are in the heaven of this world. Then those who are near the supporters of the Throne ask these supporters of the Throne: What your Lord has said? And they accordingly inform them what He says. Then the dwellers of heaven seek information from them until this information reaches the heaven of the world. In this process of transmission (the jinn snatches) what he manages to overhear and he carries it to his friends. And when the Angels see the jinn they attack them with meteors. If they narrate only which they manage to snatch that is correct but they alloy it with lies and make additions to it. (Using translation from Muslim 2229a)
أَخْبَرَنِي رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ قَالَ بَيْنَمَا هُمْ جُلُوسٌ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَرُمِيَ بِنَجْمٍ فَاسْتَنَارَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «مَا كُنْتُمْ تَقُولُونَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ إِذَا رُمِيَ بِمِثْلِ هَذَا؟» قَالُوا اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ «وُلِدَ اللَّيْلَةَ رَجُلٌ عَظِيمٌ وَمَاتَ اللَّيْلَةَ رَجُلٌ عَظِيمٌ» قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَإِنَّهَا لَا تُرْمَى لِمَوْتِ أَحَدٍ وَلَا لَحَيَاةِ أَحَدٍ وَلَكِنَّ رَبَّنَا تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى إِذَا قَضَى أَمْرًا سَبَّحَ حَمَلَةُ الْعَرْشِ ثُمَّ سَبَّحَ أَهْلُ السَّمَاءِ الَّذِينَ يَلُونَهُمْ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ التَّسْبِيحُ أَهْلَ هَذِهِ السَّمَاءِ ثُمَّ قَالَ الَّذِينَ يَلُونَ حَمَلَةَ الْعَرْشِ لِحَمَلَةِ الْعَرْشِ مَاذَا قَالَ رَبُّكَمْ؟ فَيُخْبِرُونَهُمْ فَيَسْتَخْبِرُ أَهْلُ السَّمَاءِ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ الْخَبَرُ هَذِهِ السَّمَاءَ الدُّنْيَا فَيَخْطِفُ الْجِنُّ السَّمْعَ فَيَقْذِفُونَهُ إِلَى أَوْلِيَائِهِمْ فَيَرْمُونَ فَمَا جَاءُوا بِهِ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ فَهُوَ حَقٌّ وَلَكِنَّهُمْ يَقْرِفُونَ فِيهِ وَيَزِيدُونَ
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَلَقَدْ عَلِمْنَا الْمُسْتَقْدِمِينَ مِنْكُمْ وَلَقَدْ عَلِمْنَا الْمُسْتَأْخِرِينَ} [الحجر: 24]
"There was a woman who used to pray behind the Messenger of Allah ﷺ who was beautiful, one of the most beautiful of people. Some of the people used to go to the front row to avoid seeing her, and some used to go to the back row so that when they bowed they could see her from beneath their armpits. Then Allah revealed the words: 'To Us are known those of you who hasten forward and those who lag behind." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 870)
كَانَتِ امْرَأَةٌ تُصَلِّي خَلْفَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ حَسْنَاءُ مِنْ أَحْسَنِ النَّاسِ قَالَ وَكَانَ بَعْضُ الْقَوْمِ يَتَقَدَّمُ فِي الصَّفِّ الْأَوَّلِ لِئَلَّا يَرَاهَا وَيَسْتَأْخِرُ بَعْضُهُمْ حَتَّى يَكُونَ فِي الصَّفِّ الْمُؤَخِّرِ فَإِذَا رَكَعَ وَذَكَرَ كَلِمَةً مَعْنَاهَا نَظَرَ مِنْ تَحْتِ إِبْطَيْهِ فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ ﷻ {وَلَقَدْ عَلِمْنَا الْمُسْتَقْدِمِينَ مِنْكُمْ وَلَقَدْ عَلِمْنَا الْمُسْتَأْخِرِينَ} [الحجر 24]
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَلَقَدْ كَذَّبَ أَصْحَابُ الْحِجْرِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ} [الحجر: 80]
(While we were going for the Battle of Tabuk and when we reached the places of the dwellers of Al- Hijr), Messenger of Allah ﷺ said about the dwellers of Al-Hijr (to us). "Do not enter (the dwelling places) of these people unless you enter weeping, but if you weep not, then do not enter upon them, lest you be afflicted with what they were afflicted with." (Using translation from Bukhārī 4702)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِأَصْحَابِ الْحِجْرِ «لَا تَدْخُلُوا عَلَى هَؤُلَاءِ الْقَوْمِ الْمُعَذَّبِينَ إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونُوا بَاكِينَ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُونُوا بَاكِينَ فَلَا تَدْخُلُوا عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ يُصِيبَكُمْ مِثْلُ مَا أَصَابَهُمْ»
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَلَقَدْ آتَيْنَاكَ سَبْعًا مِنَ الْمَثَانِي} [الحجر: 87]
I prayed ant then I came to him. He asked: What prevented you from answering me ? He replied: I was praying. He said: Has not Allah said: "O you who believe, respond to Allah and the Apostle when he calls you to that which gives you life ? (8:24) Let me teach you the greatest surah from the Qur'an or in the Qur'an (the narrator Khalid doubted) before I leave the mosque. I said: (I shall memorize) your saying. He said: It is: "Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the Universe" which is the seven oft-repeated verses, and the mighty Qur'an. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1458)
مَرَّ بِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَنَا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَدَعَانِي فَلَمْ آتِهِ قَالَ «مَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تَأْتِيَنِي؟» قُلْتُ إِنِّي كُنْتُ أُصَلِّي قَالَ أَلَمْ يَقُلِ اللهُ ﷻ {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اسْتَجِيبُوا لِلَّهِ وَلِلرَّسُولِ إِذَا دَعَاكُمْ لِمَا يُحْيِيكُمْ} [الأنفال 24] قَالَ «أَلَا أُعَلِّمُكَ أَفْضَلَ سُورَةٍ فِي الْقُرْآنِ قَبْلَ أَنْ أَخْرُجَ؟» فَلَمَّا ذَهَبَ يَخْرُجُ ذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لَهُ قَالَ فَقَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ هِيَ السَّبْعُ الْمَثَانِي وَالْقُرْآنُ الْعَظِيمُ الَّذِي أُوتِيتُهُ
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَلَقَدْ آتَيْنَاكَ سَبْعًا مِنَ الْمَثَانِي} [الحجر: 87]
[Machine] "In His saying, 'And indeed, We have bestowed upon you seven of the repeatedly recited [verses] and the great Qur'an' (Surah Al-Hijr, 15:87), it is stated by Al-Baqarah, Al-Imran, An-Nisa, Al-A'raf, Al-An'am, and Al-Ma'idah [chapters of the Qur'an]. It has been said, 'The seven long ones share resemblance.'"
فِي قَوْلِهِ {وَلَقَدْ آتَيْنَاكَ سَبْعًا مِنَ الْمَثَانِي وَالْقُرْآنَ الْعَظِيمَ} [الحجر 87] قَالَ الْبَقَرَةُ وَآلُ عِمْرَانَ وَالنِّسَاءُ وَالْأَعْرَافُ وَالْأَنْعَامُ وَالْمَائِدَةُ قَالَ شَرِيكٌ السَّبْعُ الطُّوَلِ
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَاعْبُدْ رَبَّكَ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَكَ الْيَقِينُ} [الحجر: 99]
“The best lifestyle is that of a man who holds onto the reins of his horse for the sake of Allah, riding on its back. Every time he hears a commotion he rushes towards it, seeking death wherever he thinks he can find it; and a man who tends sheep at the top of one of these peaks, or in the bottom of one of these valleys, establishing the prayer, paying the charity, and worshipping his Lord until the inevitable (death) comes to him and there is nothing between him and the people except good.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 3977)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ «خَيْرُ مَا عَاشَ النَّاسُ لَهُ رَجُلٌ يُمْسِكُ بِعِنَانِ فَرَسِهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ كُلَّمَا سَمِعَ هَيْعَةً أَوْ فَزْعَةً طَارَ عَلَى مَتْنِ فَرَسِهِ فَالْتَمَسَ الْمَوْتَ فِي مَظَانِّهِ أَوْ رَجُلٌ فِي شُعْبَةٍ مِنْ هَذِهِ الشِّعَابِ أَوْ فِي بَطْنِ وَادٍ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأَوْدِيَةِ فِي غُنَيْمَةٍ لَهُ يُقِيمُ الصَّلَاةَ وَيُؤْتِي الزَّكَاةَ وَيَعْبُدُ اللهَ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَهُ الْيَقِينُ لَيْسَ مِنَ النَّاسِ إِلَّا فِي خَيْرٍ»