54. Tafsīr (Exegesis)
٥٤۔ كِتَابُ التَّفْسِيرِ
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {فَرِيقٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَفَرِيقٌ فِي السَّعِيرِ} [الشورى: 7]
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to us and said, "This is a book that Allah, the Lord of all worlds, has written. It contains the names of the people of Paradise and the names of their fathers, ending with the best among them. Their names cannot be increased or decreased. And this is a book that Allah, the Lord of all worlds, has written. It contains the names of the people of Hell and the names of their fathers, ending with the worst among them. Their names cannot be increased or decreased." They asked, "So what is the role, O Messenger of Allah?" He said, "Indeed, the one who acts in accordance with the actions of the people of Paradise, his seal will be that of Paradise, even if he does any other deed. And indeed, the one who acts in accordance with the actions of the people of Hell, his seal will be that of Hell, even if he does any other deed." Allah has completed His creation, as He said, "A group will be in Paradise and a group will be in the Blaze." [Surah Ash-Shura, 7]
خَرَجَ عَلَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ «هَذَا كِتَابٌ كَتَبَهُ رَبُّ الْعَالَمِينَ فِيهِ تَسْمِيَةُ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ وَتَسْمِيَةُ آبَائِهِمْ ثُمَّ أُجْمِلَ عَلَى آخِرِهِمْ فَلَا يُزَادُ فِيهِمْ وَلَا يُنْقَصُ وَهَذَا كِتَابٌ كَتَبَهُ رَبُّ الْعَالَمِينَ فِيهِ تَسْمِيَةُ أَهْلِ النَّارِ وَتَسْمِيَةُ آبَائِهِمْ ثُمَّ أُجْمِلَ عَلَى آخِرِهِمْ فَلَا يُزَادُ فِيهِمْ وَلَا يُنْقَصُ» قَالُوا فَفِيمَ الْعَمَلُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ قَالَ إِنَّ عَامِلَ الْجَنَّةِ يُخْتَمُ لَهُ بِعَمَلِ الْجَنَّةِ وَإِنْ عَمِلَ أَيَّ عَمَلٍ وَإِنَّ عَامِلَ النَّارِ يُخْتَمُ لَهُ بِعَمَلِ النَّارِ وَإِنَّ عَمِلَ أَيَّ عَمَلٍ فَرَغَ اللهُ مِنْ خَلْقِهِ قَالَ {فَرِيقٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَفَرِيقٌ فِي السَّعِيرِ} [الشورى 7]
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {قُلْ لَا أَسْأَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْرًا إِلَّا الْمَوَدَّةَ فِي الْقُرْبَى} [الشورى: 23]
Ibn 'Abbas was asked about this Ayah: Say: "No reward do I ask of you for this except to be kind for my kinship with you (42:23)." So Sa'eed bin Jubair said: 'To be kind to the family of Muhammad.' Ibn 'Abbas replied: 'You know that there was no family of the Quraish except that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had some relatives among them.' He said: 'Except that you should uphold ties of kinship that exist between me and you.'" (Using translation from Tirmidhī 3251)
عَنْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ {قُلْ لَا أَسْأَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْرًا إِلَّا الْمَوَدَّةَ فِي الْقُرْبَى} [الشورى 23] قَالَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ قُرْبَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ عَجِلْتَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ لَمْ يَكُنْ بَطْنٌ مِنْ بُطُونِ قُرَيْشٍ إِلَّا وَلَهُ فِيهِمْ قَرَابَةٌ فَقَالَ «إِلَّا أَنْ تَصِلُوا مَا بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُمْ مِنَ الْقَرَابَةِ»
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَهُوَ الَّذِي يَقْبَلُ التَّوْبَةَ عَنْ عِبَادِهِ} [الشورى: 25]
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Allah is more delighted with the repentance of His servant than one of you who finds his lost camel in a barren land where he fears that it may die of hunger."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «لَلَّهُ أَفْرَحُ بِتَوْبَةِ عَبْدِهِ مِنْ أَحَدِكِمْ قَدْ أَضَلَّ رَاحِلَتَهُ فِي أَرْضٍ مَهْلَكَةٍ يَخَافُ أَنْ يَقْتُلَهُ الْجُوعُ»
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَلَمَنِ انْتَصَرَ بَعْدَ ظُلْمِهِ} [الشورى: 41]
"I did not know until Zainab burst in on me without permission and she was angry. Then she said: 'O Messenger of Allah, is it enough for you that the young daughter of Abu Bakr waves her hands in front of you?' Then she turned to me, but I ignored her until the Prophet said: 'You should say something to defend yourself.' So I turned on her, (and replied to her) until I saw that her mouth had become dry, and she did not say anything back to me. And I saw the Prophet with his face shining." (Hasan). (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 1981)
عَائِشَةُ مَا عَلِمْتُ حَتَّى دَخَلَتْ عَلَيَّ زَيْنَبُ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنٍ وَهِيَ غَضْبَى ثُمَّ قَالَتْ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ حَسْبُكَ إِذَا قَلَبَتْ لَكَ ابْنَةُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ذُرِيِّعَتَيْهَا ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَتْ عَلَيَّ فَأَعْرَضْتُ عَنْهَا حَتَّى قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «دُونَكِ فَانْتَصِرِي» فَأَقْبَلْتُ عَلَيْهَا حَتَّى رَأَيْتُهَا قَدْ يَبِسَ رِيقُهَا فِي فِيهَا فَلَمْ تَرُدُّ عَلَيَّ شَيْئًا فَرَأَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَتَهَلَّلُ وَجْهُهُ