54. Tafsīr (Exegesis)
٥٤۔ كِتَابُ التَّفْسِيرِ
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَتَرَى النَّاسَ سُكَارَى وَمَا هُمْ بِسُكَارَى} [الحج: 2]
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, will say to Adam on the Day of Resurrection, "O Adam, rise up and send forth from your progeny a group to Hellfire." Adam will say, "O Lord, who are the people of Hellfire?" Allah will say, "From every thousand, take nine hundred and ninety-nine and send them to Hellfire, and keep one. At that time, the young will grow old, and every pregnant one will drop her load. And you will see people intoxicated, while they are not intoxicated, but the punishment of Allah is severe." So, this will be difficult for his followers, and they will say, "O Messenger of Allah, from every thousand, nine hundred and ninety-nine are taken and only one is left. Where will that one be?" He will enter his house, and then come out to them and say, "From Gog and Magog, one thousand, and from you, only one. So, rejoice, for I hope that you will be one-fourth of the people of Paradise." They will say the takbir and praise Allah. He will say, "I hope that you will be one-third of the people of Paradise." They will say the takbir and praise Allah. He will say, "I hope that you will be one-half of the people of Paradise." They will say the takbir and praise Allah. He will say, "You people are like a white hair on the black ox or a black hair on the white ox among the nations (i.e., you are few compared to other nations).
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ اللهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى لِآدَمَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ يَا آدَمُ قُمْ فَابْعَثْ مِنْ ذُرِّيَّتِكَ بَعْثَ النَّارِ فَيَقُولُ يَا رَبِّ وَمَا بَعْثُ النَّارِ؟ فَيَقُولُ مِنْ كُلِّ أَلْفٍ تِسْعُمِائَةٍ وَتِسْعَةٌ وَتِسْعِينَ وَيَبْقَى وَاحِدٌ فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ يَشِيبُ الصَّغِيرُ وَتَضَعُ كُلُّ ذَاتِ حَمْلٍ حَمْلَهَا {وَتَرَى النَّاسَ سُكَارَى وَمَا هُمْ بِسُكَارَى وَلَكِنَّ عَذَابَ اللهِ شَدِيدٌ} [الحج 2] فَشَقَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مِنْ كُلِّ أَلْفٍ تِسْعُمِائَةٍ وَتِسْعَةٌ وَتِسْعُونَ وَيَبْقَى وَاحِدٌ فَأَيُّنَا ذَلِكَ الْوَاحِدُ؟ فَدَخَلَ مَنْزِلَهُ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَ «مِنْ يَأْجُوجَ وَمَأْجُوجَ أَلْفٌ وَمِنْكُمْ وَاحِدٌ وَأَبْشِرُوا فَإِنِّي لَأَرْجُو أَنْ تَكُونُوا رُبْعَ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ» فَكَبَّرُوا وَحَمِدُوا اللهَ قَالَ «إِنِّي لَأَرْجُو أَنْ تَكُونُوا ثُلُثَ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ» فَكَبَّرُوا وَحَمِدُوا اللهَ فَقَالَ «إِنِّي لَأَرْجُو اللهَ أَنْ تَكُونُوا نِصْفَ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ» فَكَبَّرُوا وَحَمِدُوا اللهَ قَالَ «مَا أَنْتُمْ فِي الْأُمَمِ إِلَّا كَالشَّعْرَةِ الْبَيْضَاءِ فِي الثَّوْرِ الْأَسْوَدِ أَوْ كَالشَّعْرَةِ السَّوْدَاءِ فِي الثَّوْرِ الْأَبْيَضِ»
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَتَرَى النَّاسَ سُكَارَى وَمَا هُمْ بِسُكَارَى} [الحج: 2]
"We were with the Prophet ﷺ on a journey when some of his Companions fell behind. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ raised his voice reciting these two Ayat: "O mankind! Have Taqwa of your Lord! Verily the earthquake of the hour is a terrible thing..." up to His saying: but Allah's torment is severe (21:1 & 2)." When his Companions heard that, they hastened to catch up with him, since they knew that he had something to say. He ﷺ said: 'Do you know what Day this is? That is the Day when Adam will be called. His Lord will call him and say: O Adam, send forth those who are to be sent to the Fire. He will say: O Lord! How many are to be sent to the Fire? He will say: From every one-thousand there are nine-hundred and ninety-nine for the Fire and one for Paradise. So the people despaired as if they would not smile again. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saw the state of his Companions, he said: 'Strive hard and receive the good news. By the One in Whose Hand is the soul of Muhammad, you will be counted with two creations who are immense in numbers; Ya'juj and Ma'juj, and those who have died among the progeny of Adam and the progeny of Iblis.'" He said: "So some of the people's grief went away, and he ﷺ said: 'Strive hard and receive the good news. By the One in Whose Hand is the soul of Muhammad! Among mankind, you are but like the mole on the flank of a camel, or a mark on the foreleg of a beast.'" (Using translation from Tirmidhī 3169)
كُنَّا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي مَسِيرٍ فَتَفَاوَتَ بَيْنَ أَصْحَابِهِ فِي السَّيْرِ فَرَفَعَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ صَوْتَهُ بِهَاتَيْنِ الْآيَتَيْنِ {يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اتَّقُوا رَبَّكُمْ إِنَّ زَلْزَلَةَ السَّاعَةِ شَيْءٌ عَظِيمٌ يَوْمَ تَرَوْنَهَا تَذْهَلُ كُلُّ مُرْضِعَةٍ عَمَّا أَرْضَعَتْ وَتَضَعُ كُلُّ ذَاتِ حَمْلٍ حَمْلَهَا وَتَرَى النَّاسَ سُكَارَى وَمَا هُمْ بِسُكَارَى وَلَكِنَّ عَذَابَ اللهِ شَدِيدٌ} [الحج 2] فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ بِذَلِكَ أَصْحَابُهُ عَرَفُوا أَنَّهُ قَوْلٌ يَقُولُهُ فَقَالَ «هَلْ تَدْرُونَ أَيُّ يَوْمٍ ذَاكُمْ؟» قَالُوا اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ ذَلِكَ يَوْمٌ يُنَادِي اللهِ فِيهِ يَا آدَمُ ابْعَثْ بَعْثَ النَّارِ فَيَقُولُ يَا رَبِّ وَمَا بَعْثُ النَّارِ؟ فَيَقُولُ مِنْ كُلِّ أَلْفٍ تِسْعُ مِائَةٍ وَتِسْعَةٌ وَتِسْعُونَ فِي النَّارِ وَوَاحِدٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ فَأَبْلَسَ الْقَوْمُ حَتَّى مَا أَوْضَحُوا بِضَاحِكَةٍ فَلَمَّا رَأَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الَّذِي بِأَصْحَابِهِ قَالَ اعْمَلُوا وَأَبْشِرُوا فَوَالَّذِي نَفْسُ مُحَمَّدٍ بِيَدِهِ إِنَّكُمْ لَمَعَ خَلِيقَتَيْنِ مَا كَانَتَا مَعَ شَيْءٍ إِلَّا كَثَّرَتَاهُ يَأْجُوجَ وَمَأْجُوجَ وَمَنْ مَاتَ مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ وَبَنِي إِبْلِيسَ قَالَ فَسُرِّيَ عَنِ الْقَوْمِ بَعْضُ الَّذِي يَجِدُونَ فَقَالَ «اعْمَلُوا وَأَبْشِرُوا فَوَالَّذِي نَفْسُ مُحَمَّدٍ بِيَدِهِ مَا أَنْتُمْ فِي النَّاسِ إِلَّا كَالشَّامَةِ فِي جَنْبِ الْبَعِيرِ أَوْ كَالرَّقْمَةِ فِي ذِرَاعِ الدَّابَّةِ»
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {هَذَانِ خَصْمَانِ اخْتَصَمُوا فِي رَبِّهِمْ} [الحج: 19]
[Machine] I heard Abu Dharr swearing that this verse was revealed: "These two opponents are disputing with each other about their Lord." [Surah Al-Hajj, 22:19] It refers to Ali, Hamza, Ubaid ibn Harith, Shaybah ibn Rabiah, Utbah ibn Rabiah, and Al-Walid ibn Utbah. They were involved in a dispute on the day of Badr, which was opposed by Sulayman At-Taymi.
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا ذَرٍّ يُقْسِمُ لَقَدْ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {هَذَانِ خَصْمَانِ اخْتَصَمُوا فِي رَبِّهِمْ} [الحج 19] فِي عَلِيٍّ وَحَمْزَةَ وَعُبَيْدِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ وَشَيْبَةَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ وَعُتْبَةَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ وَالْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ اخْتَصَمُوا يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ خَالَفَهُ سُلَيْمَانُ التَّيْمِيُّ
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {هَذَانِ خَصْمَانِ اخْتَصَمُوا فِي رَبِّهِمْ} [الحج: 19]
[Machine] This verse descended upon us on the day of Badr, "These two opponents have disputed regarding their Lord." [Surah Al-Hajj 19]
فِينَا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ فِي مُبَارَزَتِنَا يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ {هَذَانِ خَصْمَانِ اخْتَصَمُوا فِي رَبِّهِمْ} [الحج 19]
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَلِبَاسُهُمْ فِيهَا حَرِيرٌ} [الحج: 23]
I heard ‘Abdullah bin az-Zubair say: Do not let your women wear silk, for I heard ʿUmar narrate from the Prophet ﷺ that he said: ʿWhoever wears silk in this world will not wear it in the Hereafter.ʿ And ʿAbdullah bin az-Zubair added his own words: And whoever does not wear it in the Hereafter will not enter Paradise. Allah says: “and their garments therein will be of silkʿ [Fatir 35:33]. (Using translation from Aḥmad 251)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «مَنْ لَبِسَهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا لَمْ يَلْبَسْهُ فِي الْآخِرَةِ» وَقَالَ ابْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ إِنَّهُ مَنْ لَبِسَهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا لَمْ يَدْخُلِ الْجَنَّةَ قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى {وَلِبَاسُهُمْ فِيهَا حَرِيرٌ} [الحج 23]
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَلِبَاسُهُمْ فِيهَا حَرِيرٌ} [الحج: 23]
I heard Ibn Az-Zubair delivering a sermon, saying, "Muhammad said, 'Whoever wears silk in this world, shall not wear it in the Hereafter." (Using translation from Bukhārī 5833)
مُحَمَّدٌ ﷺ «مَنْ لَبِسَ الْحَرِيرَ فِي الدُّنْيَا لَمْ يَلْبَسْهُ فِي الْآخِرَةِ»
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {أُذِنَ لِلَّذِينَ يُقَاتَلُونَ بِأَنَّهُمْ ظُلِمُوا} [الحج: 39]
“When the Prophet was expelled from Makkah, Abu Bakr said to him: ‘They have driven out their Prophet, verily to Allah we belong and to Him we return. They are surely doomed.’ Then it was revealed: ‘Permission to fight (against disbelievers) is given to those (believers) who are fought against, because they have been wronged; and surely, Allah is able to give them (believers) victory.’ Then I knew that there would be fighting.” Ibn Abbas said: “This is the first Verse that was revealed concerning fighting.” (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3085)
خَرَجَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مِنْ مَكَّةَ قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَخْرَجُوا نَبِيَّهُمْ إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَإِنَّا إِلَيْهِ رَاجِعُونَ لَنَهْلِكَنَّ فَنَزَلَتْ {أُذِنَ لِلَّذِينَ يُقَاتَلُونَ بِأَنَّهُمْ ظُلِمُوا وَإِنَّ اللهَ عَلَى نَصْرِهِمْ لَقَدِيرٌ} [الحج 39] فَعَرَفْتُ أَنَّهُ سَيَكُونُ قِتَالٌ قَالَ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَهِيَ أَوَّلُ آيَةٍ نَزَلَتْ فِي الْقِتَالِ
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {أُذِنَ لِلَّذِينَ يُقَاتَلُونَ بِأَنَّهُمْ ظُلِمُوا} [الحج: 39]
[Machine] Narrated Aisha, "Permission was granted to those who are being fought against [to fight] because they have been wronged, and indeed Allah is competent to give them victory." [Surah Al-Hajj 22:39] until His saying, "Indeed Allah is Powerful and Exalted in Might." [Surah Al-Hajj 22:40] Then permission to fight was given in many verses of the Quran.
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ {أُذِنَ لِلَّذِينَ يُقَاتَلُونَ بِأَنَّهُمْ ظُلِمُوا وَإِنَّ اللهَ عَلَى نَصْرِهِمْ لَقَدِيرٌ} [الحج 39] إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {إِنَّ اللهَ لَقَوِيٌّ عَزِيزٌ} [الحج 40] ثُمَّ أَذِنَ بِالْقِتَالِ فِي آيٍ كَثِيرٍ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَلْيَطَّوَّفُوا بِالْبَيْتِ الْعَتِيقِ} [الحج: 29]
[Machine] On the authority of the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , that he said, "The best [mode of] transportation that one can ride upon is to my mosque and the ancient house [i.e. the Kaaba]."
عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ «خَيْرُ مَا رُكِبَتْ إِلَيْهِ الرَّوَاحِلُ مَسْجِدِي هَذَا وَالْبَيْتُ الْعَتِيقُ»
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَإِنَّ يَوْمًا عِنْدَ رَبِّكَ كَأَلْفِ سَنَةٍ مِمَّا تَعُدُّونَ} [الحج: 47]
"The poor Muslims are admitted into Paradise before their rich by half a day. And that is five hundred years." (Using translation from Tirmidhī 2354)
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «يَدْخُلُ فُقَرَاءُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ الْجَنَّةَ قَبْلَ أَغْنِيَائِهِمْ بِخَمْسِ مِائَةِ عَامٍ وَهُوَ مِقْدَارُ نِصْفِ يَوْمٍ»
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَإِنَّ يَوْمًا عِنْدَ رَبِّكَ كَأَلْفِ سَنَةٍ مِمَّا تَعُدُّونَ} [الحج: 47]
[Machine] On the authority of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , he said, "Whoever invokes the way of Jahiliyyah (pre-Islamic ignorance), then he will be from the inhabitants of Hellfire." A man asked, "O Messenger of Allah, even if he fasts and prays?" He replied, "Yes, even if he fasts and prays. So invoke with the supplication of Allah that He named you Muslims, believers, the servants of Allah."
عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ «مَنْ دَعَا بِدَعْوَى الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَإِنَّهُ مِنْ جُثَا جَهَنَّمَ» قَالَ رَجُلٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَإِنْ صَامَ وَصَلَّى؟ قَالَ «نَعَمْ وَإِنْ صَامَ وَصَلَّى فَادْعُوا بِدَعْوَى اللهِ الَّتِي سَمَّاكُمُ اللهُ بِهَا الْمُسْلِمِينَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عِبَادَ اللهِ»