6. Sūrat al-Anʿām (1/4)

٦۔ سُورَةُ الأنعَام ص ١

The Cattle (Meccan)

quran:6:1In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

˹All˺ praise is ˹due˺ to Allah, who created the heavens and the earth and made the darkness and the light. Then those who disbelieve equate ˹others˺ with their Lord.  

Praise, which means to describe in beautiful terms, be, ˹ever˺ established, to God: is this meant to be informative, so that one believes in it? Or, is it meant as a eulogy, or both? These are three possibilities, the most likely of which is the last, as the Shaykh ˹Jalāl al-Dīn al-Mahallī˺ states in ˹his commentary on˺ sūrat alKahf ˹Q. 18:1˺; Who created the heavens and the earth — He singles out these two for mention because for the observer they constitute the most awesome ˹visible˺ creation; and He appointed, He created, darknesses and light, that is, every darkness (zulma) and every light: the use of the plural only in the case of the former is because it ˹darkness˺ has many causes; and this is one of the proofs of His Oneness; then those who disbelieve, despite the existence of this proof, ascribe equals to their Lord, they worship others equally.
القرآن:٦:١بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ وَجَعَلَ الظُّلُمَاتِ وَالنُّورَ ۖ ثُمَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِرَبِّهِمْ يَعْدِلُونَ  

{الحمد} وهو الوصف الجميل ثابت {لله} وهل المراد الإعلام بذلك للإيمان به الثناء به أوهما احتمالات أفيدها الثالث قاله الشيخ في سورة الكهف {الذي خلق السماوات والأرض} خصهما بالذكر لأنهما أعظم المخلوقات للناظرين {وجعل} خلق {الظلمات والنور} أي كل ظلمة ونور وجمعها دونه لكثرة أسبابها، وهذا من دلائل وحدانيته {ثم الذين كفروا} مع قيام هذا الدليل {بربهم يعدلون} يسوون غيره في العبادة.
quran:6:2

It is He who created you from clay and then decreed a term and a specified time ˹known˺ to Him; then ˹still˺ you are in dispute.  

It is He Who created you from clay, by creating your father Adam from it; then He decreed a term, for ˹each of˺ you, at the conclusion of which you die. A term is stated, fixed, with Him, for your resurrection; yet thereafter you, O disbelievers, doubt, you are uncertain about the Resurrection, when you know that it was He Who initiated your creation, and One Who has the power to initiate ˹creation˺, is even more capable of bringing you back ˹to life after death˺.
القرآن:٦:٢

هُوَ الَّذِي خَلَقَكُمْ مِنْ طِينٍ ثُمَّ قَضَىٰ أَجَلًا ۖ وَأَجَلٌ مُسَمًّى عِنْدَهُ ۖ ثُمَّ أَنْتُمْ تَمْتَرُونَ  

{هو الذي خلقكم من طين} بخلق أبيكم آدم منه {ثم قضى أجلا} لكم تموتون عند انتهائه {وأجلٌ مسمّىّ} مضروب {عنده} لبعثكم {ثم أنتم} أيها الكفار {تمترون} تشكون في البعث بعد علمكم أنه ابتدأ خلقكم ومن قدر على الإبتداء فهو على الإعادة أقدر.
quran:6:3

And He is Allah, ˹the only deity˺ in the heavens and the earth. He knows your secret and what you make public, and He knows that which you earn.  

He is God, the One worthy of being worshipped, in the heavens and in the earth. He knows your secrets and your utterance, what you keep secret and what you utter openly among yourselves, and He knows what you earn, what you do of good and evil.
القرآن:٦:٣

وَهُوَ اللَّهُ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَفِي الْأَرْضِ ۖ يَعْلَمُ سِرَّكُمْ وَجَهْرَكُمْ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا تَكْسِبُونَ  

{وهو الله} مستحق للعبادة {في السماوات وفي الأرض يعلم سركم وجهركم} ما تسرون وما تجهرون به بينكم {ويعلم ما تكسبون} تعملون من خير وشرِّ.
quran:6:4

And no sign comes to them from the signs of their Lord except that they turn away therefrom.  

Not a verse (min āya: min introduces a relative clause) of the verses of their Lord, in the Qur’ān, comes to them, that is, ˹to˺ the Meccans, but they turn away from it.
القرآن:٦:٤

وَمَا تَأْتِيهِمْ مِنْ آيَةٍ مِنْ آيَاتِ رَبِّهِمْ إِلَّا كَانُوا عَنْهَا مُعْرِضِينَ  

{وما تأتيهم} أي أهل مكة {من} زائدة {آية من آيات ربهم} من القرآن {إلا كانوا عنها معرضين}.
quran:6:5

For they had denied the truth when it came to them, but there is going to reach them the news of what they used to ridicule.  

They denied the truth, the Qur’ān, when it came to them, but there shall come to them the news, the consequences, of what they were mocking.
القرآن:٦:٥

فَقَدْ كَذَّبُوا بِالْحَقِّ لَمَّا جَاءَهُمْ ۖ فَسَوْفَ يَأْتِيهِمْ أَنْبَاءُ مَا كَانُوا بِهِ يَسْتَهْزِئُونَ  

{فقد كذٌبوا بالحق} بالقرآن {لما جاءهم فسوف يأتيهم أنباء} عواقب {ما كانوا به يستهزئون}.
quran:6:6

Have they not seen how many generations We destroyed before them which We had established upon the earth as We have not established you? And We sent ˹rain from˺ the sky upon them in showers and made rivers flow beneath them; then We destroyed them for their sins and brought forth after them a generation of others.  

Have they not seen, in their travels to Syria and to other places, how many, (kam is predicative ˹and not interrogative˺, meaning ‘many’) a generation, ˹how many˺ a community of past communities, We destroyed before them; We established them, We assigned them an ˹established˺ place, in the earth, through strength and abundance, as We have not established, ˹as˺ We have ˹not˺ assigned, you (there is a shift in the address here from third person ˹to second˺); and how We unleashed the heaven, the rain, upon them in torrents, one torrent after another, and made the rivers to flow beneath them?, beneath their dwellings. Then We destroyed them because of their sins, because of their denial of the prophets; and We raised up after them another generation.
القرآن:٦:٦

أَلَمْ يَرَوْا كَمْ أَهْلَكْنَا مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ مِنْ قَرْنٍ مَكَّنَّاهُمْ فِي الْأَرْضِ مَا لَمْ نُمَكِّنْ لَكُمْ وَأَرْسَلْنَا السَّمَاءَ عَلَيْهِمْ مِدْرَارًا وَجَعَلْنَا الْأَنْهَارَ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهِمْ فَأَهْلَكْنَاهُمْ بِذُنُوبِهِمْ وَأَنْشَأْنَا مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ قَرْنًا آخَرِينَ  

{ألم يروا} في أسفارهم إلى الشام وغيرها {كم} خبرية بمعنى كثيرا {أهلكنا من قبلهم من قرن} أمة من الأمم الماضية {مكَّناهم} أعطيناهم مكانا {في الأرض} بالقوة والسعة {ما لم نمكن} نعط {لكم} فيه التفات عن الغيبة {وأرسلنا السماء} المطر {عليهم مدرارا} متتابعا {وجعلنا الأنهار تجري من تحتهم} تحت مساكنهم {فأهلكناهم بذنوبهم} بتكذيبهم الأنبياء {وأنشأنا من بعدهم قرنا آخرين}.
quran:6:7

And even if We had sent down to you, ˹O Muhammad˺, a written scripture on a page and they touched it with their hands, the disbelievers would say, "This is not but obvious magic."  

And had We revealed to you a Scripture, inscribed, on parchment, as they requested, and had they then touched it with their hands — this is more powerful than saying, ‘had they seen it with their eyes’, since it ˹touch˺ is more effective in eliminating doubt; the disbelievers would have said, in disobedience and obduracy: ‘This is nothing but manifest sorcery’.
القرآن:٦:٧

وَلَوْ نَزَّلْنَا عَلَيْكَ كِتَابًا فِي قِرْطَاسٍ فَلَمَسُوهُ بِأَيْدِيهِمْ لَقَالَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا إِنْ هَٰذَا إِلَّا سِحْرٌ مُبِينٌ  

{ولو نزلَّنا عليك كتابا} مكتوبا {في قرطاس} رَق كما اقترحوا {فلمسوه بأيديهم} أبلغ من عاينوه لأنه أنفى للشك {لقال الذين كفروا إن} ما {هذا إلا سحر مبين} تعنُّنا وعنادا.
quran:6:8

And they say, "Why was there not sent down to him an angel?" But if We had sent down an angel, the matter would have been decided; then they would not be reprieved.  

And they say, ‘Why has an angel not been sent down to him?’, to Muhammad (s), to confirm his truthfulness; yet had We sent down an angel, as they have requested and if they then did not believe, the matter, that they be destroyed, would have been decreed, and then they would not be given any respite, they would ˹not˺ be given any extra time for repentance or an excuse, as is God’s custom ˹in dealing˺ with those before them, destroying them when they disbelieve after their request is granted.
القرآن:٦:٨

وَقَالُوا لَوْلَا أُنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِ مَلَكٌ ۖ وَلَوْ أَنْزَلْنَا مَلَكًا لَقُضِيَ الْأَمْرُ ثُمَّ لَا يُنْظَرُونَ  

{وقالوا لولا} هلا {أنزل عليه} على محمد ﷺ {ملك} يصدقه {ولو أنزلنا ملكا} كما اقترحوا فلم يؤمنوا {لقضي الأمر} بهلاكهم {ثم لا ينظرون} يمهلون لتوبة أو معذرة كعادة الله فيمن قبلهم من إهلاكهم عند وجود مقترحهم إذا لم يؤمنوا.
quran:6:9

And if We had made him an angel, We would have made him ˹appear as˺ a man, and We would have covered them with that in which they cover themselves.  

And had We appointed him, the one who is sent down to them, an angel, We would assuredly have made him, the angel, a man, that is, ˹We would have sent him˺ in the form of a man, so that they would be able to see him, since no human being is capable of seeing an angel; and, had We sent him down and made him a man, We would have assuredly confused, obscured, for them what they are confusing, for themselves, when they say, ‘This is but a mere mortal like the rest of you’.
القرآن:٦:٩

وَلَوْ جَعَلْنَاهُ مَلَكًا لَجَعَلْنَاهُ رَجُلًا وَلَلَبَسْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ مَا يَلْبِسُونَ  

{ولو جعلناه} أي المنزل إليهم {ملكا لجعلناه} أي الملك {رجلا} أي على صورته ليتمكنوا من رؤيته إذ لا قوَّه للبشر على رؤية الملك {و} لو أنزلناه وجعلنا رجلا {للبسنا} شبهنا {عليهم ما يلبسون} على أنفسهم بأن يقولوا ما هذا إلا بشر مثلكم.
quran:6:10

And already were messengers ridiculed before you, but those who mocked them were enveloped by that which they used to ridicule.  

And messengers were indeed mocked before you — this is meant as a consolation for the Prophet, (s) — but those who scoffed at them were encompassed by that which they mocked, namely, ˹by the˺ punishment ˹sent down on them˺: those who mock you will be encompassed likewise.
القرآن:٦:١٠

وَلَقَدِ اسْتُهْزِئَ بِرُسُلٍ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ فَحَاقَ بِالَّذِينَ سَخِرُوا مِنْهُمْ مَا كَانُوا بِهِ يَسْتَهْزِئُونَ  

{ولقد استُهزئ برسل من قبلك} فيه تسلية للنبي ﷺ {فحاق} نزل {بالذين سخروا منهم ما كانوا به يستهزئون} وهو العذاب فكذا يحيق بمن استهزأ بك.
quran:6:11

Say, "Travel through the land; then observe how was the end of the deniers."  

Say, to them: ‘Travel in the land, and see the nature of the consequence for the deniers’, of the messengers, how they were destroyed through chastisement; perhaps they will take heed.
القرآن:٦:١١

قُلْ سِيرُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ ثُمَّ انْظُرُوا كَيْفَ كَانَ عَاقِبَةُ الْمُكَذِّبِينَ  

{قل} لهم {سيروا في الأرض ثم انظروا كيف كان عاقبة المكذبين} الرسل من هلاكهم بالعذاب ليعتبروا.
quran:6:12

Say, "To whom belongs whatever is in the heavens and earth?" Say, "To Allah." He has decreed upon Himself mercy. He will surely assemble you for the Day of Resurrection, about which there is no doubt. Those who will lose themselves ˹that Day˺ do not believe.  

Say: ‘To whom belongs what is in the heavens and in the earth?’ Say: ‘To God, for even if they do not say this, there is no other response. He has prescribed, He has decreed, for Himself mercy, as a bounty from Him — this is a gentle summoning of them to the faith. He will surely gather you together on the Day of Resurrection of which there is no doubt, no uncertainty, in order to requite you for your deeds. Those who have forfeited their own souls (this is the subject) — by exposing them to the chastisement — they do not believe (this is the predicate).
القرآن:٦:١٢

قُلْ لِمَنْ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ۖ قُلْ لِلَّهِ ۚ كَتَبَ عَلَىٰ نَفْسِهِ الرَّحْمَةَ ۚ لَيَجْمَعَنَّكُمْ إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهِ ۚ الَّذِينَ خَسِرُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ فَهُمْ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ  

{قل لمن ما في السماوات والأرض قل لله} إن لم يقولوه لا جواب غيره {كتب على نفسه} قضى على نفسه {الرحمة} فضلا منه وفيه تلطف في دعائهم إلى الإيمان {لَيجمعنكم إلى يوم القيامة} ليجازيكم بأعمالكم {لا ريب} شك {فيه الذين خسروا أنفسهم} بتعريضها للعذاب مبتدأ خبره {فهم لا يؤمنون}.
quran:6:13

And to Him belongs that which reposes by night and by day, and He is the Hearing, the Knowing.  

And to Him, exalted be He, belongs all that inhabits, resides ˹in˺, the night and the day, that is to say, everything — He is its Lord, its Creator and its Possessor; and He is the Hearer, of what is said, the Knower’, of what is done.
القرآن:٦:١٣

وَلَهُ مَا سَكَنَ فِي اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ ۚ وَهُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ  

{وله} تعالى {ما سكن} حلُ {في الليل والنهار} أي كل شيء فهو ربه وخالقه ومالكه {وهو السميع} لما يقال {العليم} بما يفعل.
quran:6:14

Say, "Is it other than Allah I should take as a protector, Creator of the heavens and the earth, while it is He who feeds and is not fed?" Say, ˹O Muhammad˺, "Indeed, I have been commanded to be the first ˹among you˺ who submit ˹to Allah˺ and ˹was commanded˺, 'Do not ever be of the polytheists.' "  

Say, to them: ‘Shall I take as a protector, to worship, other than God, the Originator of the heavens and the earth, the One Who has created them without any precedent, He Who feeds, Who gives sustenance, and is not fed?’, and is not given sustenance. Say: ‘I have been commanded to be the first to submit, to God, from among this community, and, it was said to me: “Do not be among those who associate others” ’, with Him.
القرآن:٦:١٤

قُلْ أَغَيْرَ اللَّهِ أَتَّخِذُ وَلِيًّا فَاطِرِ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَهُوَ يُطْعِمُ وَلَا يُطْعَمُ ۗ قُلْ إِنِّي أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أَكُونَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ ۖ وَلَا تَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ  

{قل} لهم {أغير الله أتَّخذ وليّاً} أعبده {فاطر السماوات والأرض} مبدعهما {وهو يُطعم} يرزق {ولا يُطعم} يُرزق {قل إني أمرت أن أكون أول من أسلم} لله من هذه الأمة {و} قيل لي {لا تكوننَّ من المشركين} به.
quran:6:15

Say, "Indeed I fear, if I should disobey my Lord, the punishment of a tremendous Day."  

Say: ‘Indeed I fear, if I should rebel against my Lord, by worshipping other than Him, the chastisement of a dreadful day’, namely, the Day of Resurrection.
القرآن:٦:١٥

قُلْ إِنِّي أَخَافُ إِنْ عَصَيْتُ رَبِّي عَذَابَ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ  

{قل إني أخاف إن عصيت ربي} بعبادة غيره {عذاب يوم عظيم} هو يوم القيامة.
quran:6:16

He from whom it is averted that Day - ˹Allah˺ has granted him mercy. And that is the clear attainment.  

He from whom it is averted (read passive yusraf, ‘it is averted’, namely, ‘the chastisement’; or read active yasrif, ‘He averts’, namely, ‘God’ ˹as the subject˺; the referential noun has been omitted) on that day, He, the Exalted One, will have had mercy on him, He will have desired good for him; that is the manifest triumph, evident salvation.
القرآن:٦:١٦

مَنْ يُصْرَفْ عَنْهُ يَوْمَئِذٍ فَقَدْ رَحِمَهُ ۚ وَذَٰلِكَ الْفَوْزُ الْمُبِينُ  

{من يُصرف} بالبناء للمفعول أي العذاب وللفاعل أي الله والعائد محذوف {عنه يومئذ فقد رحمه} تعالى أي أراد له الخير {وذلك الفوز المبين} النجُاة الظاهرة.
quran:6:17

And if Allah should touch you with adversity, there is no remover of it except Him. And if He touches you with good - then He is over all things competent.  

And if God touches you with an affliction, a trial, such as an illness or impoverishment, then none can remove it, ˹none can˺ lift it, except Him; and if He touches you with good, such as health and affluence, then He has power over all things, including His touching you with this, and none other than Him has the power to remove it from you.
القرآن:٦:١٧

وَإِنْ يَمْسَسْكَ اللَّهُ بِضُرٍّ فَلَا كَاشِفَ لَهُ إِلَّا هُوَ ۖ وَإِنْ يَمْسَسْكَ بِخَيْرٍ فَهُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ  

{وإن يمسسك الله بضر} بلاء كمرض وفقر {فلا كاشف} رافع {له إلا هو وإن يمسسك بخير} كصحة وغنىّ {فهو على كل شىء قدير} ومنه مسُّك به ولا يقدر على ردِّه عنك غيره.
quran:6:18

And He is the subjugator over His servants. And He is the Wise, the Acquainted ˹with all˺.  

He is the Vanquisher, the Omnipotent, for Whom nothing is impossible, Superior ˹is He˺, over His servants, and He is the Wise, in His creation, the Aware, of their innermost ˹thoughts˺ as well as their outward ˹actions˺.
القرآن:٦:١٨

وَهُوَ الْقَاهِرُ فَوْقَ عِبَادِهِ ۚ وَهُوَ الْحَكِيمُ الْخَبِيرُ  

{وهو القاهر} القادر الذي لا يعجزه شيء مستعليا {فوق عباده وهو الحكيم} في خلقه {الخبير} ببواطنهم كظواهرهم.
quran:6:19

Say, "What thing is greatest in testimony?" Say, "Allah is witness between me and you. And this Qur'an was revealed to me that I may warn you thereby and whomever it reaches. Do you ˹truly˺ testify that with Allah there are other deities?" Say, "I will not testify ˹with you˺." Say, "Indeed, He is but one God, and indeed, I am free of what you associate ˹with Him˺."  

When they said to the Prophet (s), ‘Bring us someone to testify to the truth of your prophethood, for the People of the Scripture have denied you’, the following was revealed: Say, to them: ‘What thing is greatest in testimony?’ (shahādatan: this is for specification, and is derived from the ˹implied˺ subject of the sentence). Say: ‘God — even if they do not say this, there is no other response — He, is Witness between me and you, to my truthfulness; and this Qur’ān has been revealed to me that I may warn you, ˹that I may˺ make you fear, O people of Mecca, thereby, and whomever it may reach (wa-man balagha: this is a supplement to the ˹suffixed˺ pronoun ˹‘you’˺ of undhira-kum, ‘I may warn you’), that is to say, whomever among men and jinn the Qur’ān may reach. Do you indeed bear witness that there are other gods with God?’ (this interrogative is meant as a disavowal). Say, to them: ‘I do not bear witness’, to this. Say: ‘He is only One God, and I am innocent of what you associate’, with Him of idols.
القرآن:٦:١٩

قُلْ أَيُّ شَيْءٍ أَكْبَرُ شَهَادَةً ۖ قُلِ اللَّهُ ۖ شَهِيدٌ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكُمْ ۚ وَأُوحِيَ إِلَيَّ هَٰذَا الْقُرْآنُ لِأُنْذِرَكُمْ بِهِ وَمَنْ بَلَغَ ۚ أَئِنَّكُمْ لَتَشْهَدُونَ أَنَّ مَعَ اللَّهِ آلِهَةً أُخْرَىٰ ۚ قُلْ لَا أَشْهَدُ ۚ قُلْ إِنَّمَا هُوَ إِلَٰهٌ وَاحِدٌ وَإِنَّنِي بَرِيءٌ مِمَّا تُشْرِكُونَ  

ونزل لما قالوا للنبي ﷺ إئتنا بمن يشهد لك بالنبوة فإن أهل الكتاب أنكروك {قل} لهم {أيُّ شيءٍ أكبر شهادة} تمييز محول عن المبتدأ {قل اللهُ} إن لم يقولوه لا جواب غيره، وهو {شهيد بيني وبينكم} على صدقي {وأوحي إليَّ هذا القرآن لأنذركم} أخوفكم يا أهل مكة {به ومن بلغ} عطف على ضمير أنذركم أي بلغة القرآن عن الأنس والجن {أئنَّكم لتشهدون أن مع الله آلهة أخرى} إستفهام إنكاري {قل} لهم {لا أشِهدُ} بذلك {قل إنما هو إله واحد وإنني بريء مما تشركون} معه من الأصنام.
quran:6:20

Those to whom We have given the Scripture recognize it as they recognize their ˹own˺ sons. Those who will lose themselves ˹in the Hereafter˺ do not believe.  

Those to whom We have given the Scripture recognise him, that is, Muhammad (s), by the descriptions of him in their Scripture, as they recognise their sons; those, of them, who have forfeited their own souls do not believe, in him.
القرآن:٦:٢٠

الَّذِينَ آتَيْنَاهُمُ الْكِتَابَ يَعْرِفُونَهُ كَمَا يَعْرِفُونَ أَبْنَاءَهُمُ ۘ الَّذِينَ خَسِرُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ فَهُمْ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ  

{الذين آتيناهم الكتاب يعرفونه} أي محمدا بنعته في كتابهم {كما يعرفون أبناءهم الذين خسروا أنفسهم} منهم {فهم لا يؤمنون} به.
quran:6:21

And who is more unjust than one who invents about Allah a lie or denies His verses? Indeed, the wrongdoers will not succeed.  

And who, that is, none, does greater evil than he who invents a lie against God, by ascribing to Him an associate, or denies His signs?, the Qur’ān; it is verily the case that, they the evildoers shall not prosper, on account of this.
القرآن:٦:٢١

وَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنِ افْتَرَىٰ عَلَى اللَّهِ كَذِبًا أَوْ كَذَّبَ بِآيَاتِهِ ۗ إِنَّهُ لَا يُفْلِحُ الظَّالِمُونَ  

{ومن} أي لا أحد {أظلم ممن افترى على الله كذبا} بنسبه الشريك إليه {أو كذَّب بآياته} القرآن {إنه} أي الشأن {لا يفلح الظالمون} بذلك.
quran:6:22

And ˹mention, O Muhammad˺, the Day We will gather them all together; then We will say to those who associated others with Allah, "Where are your 'partners' that you used to claim ˹with Him˺?"  

And, mention, on the day We shall gather them all together, then We shall say, in rebuke, to those who associated other gods with God, ‘Where are those associates of yours whom you were claiming?’, to be associates of God?
القرآن:٦:٢٢

وَيَوْمَ نَحْشُرُهُمْ جَمِيعًا ثُمَّ نَقُولُ لِلَّذِينَ أَشْرَكُوا أَيْنَ شُرَكَاؤُكُمُ الَّذِينَ كُنْتُمْ تَزْعُمُونَ  

{و} اذكر {يوم نحشرهم جميعا ثم نقول للذين أشركوا} توبيخا {أين شركاؤكم الذين كنتم تزعمون} أنهم شركاء الله.
quran:6:23

Then there will be no ˹excuse upon˺ examination except they will say, "By Allah, our Lord, we were not those who associated."  

Then their dissension (read accusative fitnatahum or nominative fitnatuhum) their apology, was (read lam takun or lam yakun) only to say, in other words, ˹was only˺ their saying, ‘By God, our Lord (read rabbinā as an adjective of ˹wa’Llāhi, ‘by God’˺, or rabbanā as a vocative) we were never idolaters’.
القرآن:٦:٢٣

ثُمَّ لَمْ تَكُنْ فِتْنَتُهُمْ إِلَّا أَنْ قَالُوا وَاللَّهِ رَبِّنَا مَا كُنَّا مُشْرِكِينَ  

{ثم لم تكن} بالتاء والياء {فتنتّهم} بالنصب والرفع أي معذرتهم {إلا أن قالوا} أي قولهم {والله ربِّنا} بالجر نعت والنصب نداء {ما كنا مشركين}.
quran:6:24

See how they will lie about themselves. And lost from them will be what they used to invent.  

God, exalted be He, says: See, O Muhammad (s), how they lie against themselves, by denying that their idolatry, and how that which they were forging, against God, in the way of associates, has failed, is absent ˹before˺, them!
القرآن:٦:٢٤

انْظُرْ كَيْفَ كَذَبُوا عَلَىٰ أَنْفُسِهِمْ ۚ وَضَلَّ عَنْهُمْ مَا كَانُوا يَفْتَرُونَ  

قال تعال: {أنظر} يا محمد {كيف كذبوا على أنفسهم} بنفي الشرك عنهم {وضلَّ} غاب {عنهم ما كانوا يفترونـ} ـه على الله من الشركاء.
quran:6:25

And among them are those who listen to you, but We have placed over their hearts coverings, lest they understand it, and in their ears deafness. And if they should see every sign, they will not believe in it. Even when they come to you arguing with you, those who disbelieve say, "This is not but legends of the former peoples."  

And there are some of them who listen to you, when you recite, and We have placed veils, covers, upon their hearts so that they do not understand it, ˹so that˺ they ˹do not˺ comprehend the Qur’ān; and in their ears a heaviness, a deafness, so that they do not hear it with a willingness to accept it. And if they were to see every sign, they would not believe in it, so that when they come to you to argue with you, the disbelievers say, ‘This, Qur’ān, is nothing but the fables, the lies, of the ancients’, similar to ˹their˺ jokes and strange tales (asātīr, ‘fables’, is the plural of ustūra).
القرآن:٦:٢٥

وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَسْتَمِعُ إِلَيْكَ ۖ وَجَعَلْنَا عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِهِمْ أَكِنَّةً أَنْ يَفْقَهُوهُ وَفِي آذَانِهِمْ وَقْرًا ۚ وَإِنْ يَرَوْا كُلَّ آيَةٍ لَا يُؤْمِنُوا بِهَا ۚ حَتَّىٰ إِذَا جَاءُوكَ يُجَادِلُونَكَ يَقُولُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا إِنْ هَٰذَا إِلَّا أَسَاطِيرُ الْأَوَّلِينَ  

{ومنهم من يستمع إليك} إذا قرأت {وجعلنا على قلوبهم أكنة} أغطية لـ {أن} لا {يفقهوه} يفهموا القرآن {وفي آذانهم وقرا} صما فلا يسمعونه سماع قبول {وإن يروا كل آية لا يؤمنوا بها حتى إذا جاءُوك يجادلونك يقول الذين كفروا إن} ما {هذا} القرآن {إلا أساطير} أكاذيب {الأولين} كالأضاحيك والأعاجيب جمع أسطورة بالضم.
quran:6:26

And they prevent ˹others˺ from him and are ˹themselves˺ remote from him. And they do not destroy except themselves, but they perceive ˹it˺ not.  

And, to people, they forbid it, the following of the Prophet (s), and keep away from it, and so they do not believe in him: it is said that this was revealed regarding Abū Tālib, who used to forbid ˹people from˺ hurting him, but did not ˹himself˺ believe in him; and it is only themselves they destroy, when they keep away from him, because the harm thereof will befall them, but they do not perceive, this.
القرآن:٦:٢٦

وَهُمْ يَنْهَوْنَ عَنْهُ وَيَنْأَوْنَ عَنْهُ ۖ وَإِنْ يُهْلِكُونَ إِلَّا أَنْفُسَهُمْ وَمَا يَشْعُرُونَ  

{وهم ينهون} الناس {عنه} عن اتباع النبي ﷺ {وينأون} يتباعدون {عنه} فلا يؤمنون به، وقيل: نزلت في أبي طالب كان ينهى عن أذاه ولا يؤمن به {وإن} ما {يهلكون} بالنأي عنه {إلا أنفسهم} لأن ضرره عليهم {وما يشعرون} بذلك.
quran:6:27

If you could but see when they are made to stand before the Fire and will say, "Oh, would that we could be returned ˹to life on earth˺ and not deny the signs of our Lord and be among the believers."  

If you, O Muhammad (s), could see when they are made to stand, ˹when˺ they are exposed, before the Fire, and they say, ‘Oh (yā is for exclamation) would that we might be returned, to the world; then we would not deny the signs of our Lord, but we would be among the believers!’ (read nukadhdhibu and nakūnu as a new ˹independent˺ sentence; or read nukadhdhiba and nakūna as the ˹subjunctive˺ response to the optative ˹clause˺; or read nukadhdhibu and nakūna). The response to the clause ‘if ˹you could see˺’ would be ‘you would be seeing a terrible thing indeed’.
القرآن:٦:٢٧

وَلَوْ تَرَىٰ إِذْ وُقِفُوا عَلَى النَّارِ فَقَالُوا يَا لَيْتَنَا نُرَدُّ وَلَا نُكَذِّبَ بِآيَاتِ رَبِّنَا وَنَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ  

{ولو ترى} يا محمد {إذ وُقفوا} عرضوا {على النار فقالوا يا} للتنبيه {ليتنا نردُّ} إلى الدنيا {ولا نكذِّبُ بآيات ربنا ونكونُ من المؤمنين} برفع الفعلين إستئنافا ونصبهما في جواب التمني ورفع الأول ونصب الثاني وجواب لو رأيت أمرا عظيما.
quran:6:28

But what they concealed before has ˹now˺ appeared to them. And even if they were returned, they would return to that which they were forbidden; and indeed, they are liars.  

God, exalted be He, says: Nay — ˹here used˺ in order to reject the desire to believe implied by the optative ˹exclamation˺ — that which they used to conceal, to hide, before, by their saying, By God, our Lord, we were never idolaters! ˹Q. 6:23˺) has now become evident to them, as their limbs have borne witness ˹against them˺, and so they ˹now˺ wish for that ˹mentioned in the previous verse˺; and even if, hypothetically, they were returned, to the world, they would return to that which they are forbidden, of idolatry; they are truly liars, when they promise that they would believe ˹if they were to be returned˺.
القرآن:٦:٢٨

بَلْ بَدَا لَهُمْ مَا كَانُوا يُخْفُونَ مِنْ قَبْلُ ۖ وَلَوْ رُدُّوا لَعَادُوا لِمَا نُهُوا عَنْهُ وَإِنَّهُمْ لَكَاذِبُونَ  

قال تعالى: {بل} للإضراب عن إرادة الإيمان المفهوم من التمني {بدا} ظهر {لهم ما كانوا يخفون من قبل} يكتمون بقولهم (والله ربنا ما كنا مشركين) شهادة جوارحهم فتمنوا ذلك {ولو ردوا} إلى الدنيا فرضا {لعادوا لما نُهوا عنه} من الشرك {وإنهم لكاذبون} في وعدهم بالإيمان.
quran:6:29

And they say, "There is none but our worldly life, and we will not be resurrected."  

And they, those who deny the Resurrection, say, ‘There is no other, life, than our present life; we shall not be resurrected’.
القرآن:٦:٢٩

وَقَالُوا إِنْ هِيَ إِلَّا حَيَاتُنَا الدُّنْيَا وَمَا نَحْنُ بِمَبْعُوثِينَ  

{وقالوا} أي منكر والبعث {إن} ما {هي} أي الحياة {إلا حياتنا الدنيا ومانحن بمبعوثين}.
quran:6:30

If you could but see when they will be made to stand before their Lord. He will say, "Is this not the truth?" They will say, "Yes, by our Lord." He will ˹then˺ say, "So taste the punishment because you used to disbelieve."  

If you could see when they are made to stand, ˹when they are˺ presented, before their Lord, you would certainly see an awesome thing! He will say, to them, by the tongue of the angels, in rebuke: ‘Is this, resurrection and reckoning, not the truth?’ They will say, ‘Yes indeed, by our Lord’, it is the truth! He will say, ‘Then taste the chastisement because you disbelieved’, during life on earth.
القرآن:٦:٣٠

وَلَوْ تَرَىٰ إِذْ وُقِفُوا عَلَىٰ رَبِّهِمْ ۚ قَالَ أَلَيْسَ هَٰذَا بِالْحَقِّ ۚ قَالُوا بَلَىٰ وَرَبِّنَا ۚ قَالَ فَذُوقُوا الْعَذَابَ بِمَا كُنْتُمْ تَكْفُرُونَ  

{ولو ترى إذ وقفوا} عرضوا {على ربِّهم} لرأيت أمرا عظيما {قال} لهم على لسان الملائكة توبيخا {أليس هذا} البعث والحساب {بالحق قالوا بلى وربِّنا} إنه لحق {قال فذوقوا العذاب بما كنتم تكفرون} به في الدنيا.
quran:6:31

Those will have lost who deny the meeting with Allah, until when the Hour ˹of resurrection˺ comes upon them unexpectedly, they will say, "Oh, ˹how great is˺ our regret over what we neglected concerning it," while they bear their burdens on their backs. Unquestionably, evil is that which they bear.  

They indeed are losers who deny the encounter with God, through resurrection, until (hattā is purposive to expose the ˹extent of their˺ mendacity) when the Hour, the Resurrection, comes upon them suddenly, they shall say, ‘Alas for us (yā hasratanā, ‘O grief of ours’, expresses extreme suffering, the ˹vocative˺ call to which is figurative, meaning ‘Now is the time for you ˹O grief˺, so come forth!’) that we neglected it!’, the worldly life. On their backs they shall be bearing their burdens, so that these come to them at the Resurrection in the vilest of forms and with the most putrid of smells, and they ride them. Ah, evil is that, burden of theirs, which they bear!
القرآن:٦:٣١

قَدْ خَسِرَ الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِلِقَاءِ اللَّهِ ۖ حَتَّىٰ إِذَا جَاءَتْهُمُ السَّاعَةُ بَغْتَةً قَالُوا يَا حَسْرَتَنَا عَلَىٰ مَا فَرَّطْنَا فِيهَا وَهُمْ يَحْمِلُونَ أَوْزَارَهُمْ عَلَىٰ ظُهُورِهِمْ ۚ أَلَا سَاءَ مَا يَزِرُونَ  

{قد خسر الذين كذَّبوا بلقاء الله} بالبعث {حتى} غاية للتكذيب {إذا جاءتهم الساعة} القيامة {بغتة} فجأة {قالوا يا حسرتنا} هي شدة التألم ونداؤها مجاز أي هذا أوانك فاحضري {على ما فرَّطنا} قصَّرنا {فيها} أي الدنيا {وهم يحملون أوزارهم على ظهورهم} بأن تأتيهم عند البعث في أقبح شيء صورة وأنتنه ريحا فتركبهم {ألا ساء} بئس {ما يزرون} يحملونه حملهم ذلك.
quran:6:32

And the worldly life is not but amusement and diversion; but the home of the Hereafter is best for those who fear Allah, so will you not reason?  

The life of this world, that is, preoccupation with it, is nothing but a game and a diversion, while obedience and what is conducive to it are of the things of the Hereafter; surely the abode of the Hereafter (wa-la’l-dāru is also read wa-la-dāru’l-ākhirati), namely, Paradise, is better for those who fear idolatry. What, do they not understand? this, and so believe? (read a-fa-lā ya‘qilūna, ‘do they not understand’, or a-fa-lā ta‘qilūna, ‘do you not understand?’).
القرآن:٦:٣٢

وَمَا الْحَيَاةُ الدُّنْيَا إِلَّا لَعِبٌ وَلَهْوٌ ۖ وَلَلدَّارُ الْآخِرَةُ خَيْرٌ لِلَّذِينَ يَتَّقُونَ ۗ أَفَلَا تَعْقِلُونَ  

{وما الحياة الدنيا} أي الاشتغال بها {إلا لعب ولهو} وأما الطاعة وما يعين عليها فمن أمور الآخرة {وللدَّار الاخرةُ} وفي قراءة ولدار الآخرة أي الجنة {خير للذين يتقون} الشرك {أفلا يعقلون} بالياء والتاء ذلك فيؤمنون.
quran:6:33

We know that you, ˹O Muhammad˺, are saddened by what they say. And indeed, they do not call you untruthful, but it is the verses of Allah that the wrongdoers reject.  

We know indeed (qad is a confirmative particle) that it grieves you that, matter, which they say, to you, in denial; yet it is not that they deny you, in secret, for they know that you are truthful (a variant reading ˹for lā yukadhdhibūnaka, ‘not ˹that˺ they deny you’˺ has lā yukdhibūnak, that is to say, ‘they do not associate you with mendacity’) but evildoers (al-zālimīn replaces the previous pronominalisation ˹‘they’˺) knowingly reject, deny, the signs of God, the Qur’ān.
القرآن:٦:٣٣

قَدْ نَعْلَمُ إِنَّهُ لَيَحْزُنُكَ الَّذِي يَقُولُونَ ۖ فَإِنَّهُمْ لَا يُكَذِّبُونَكَ وَلَٰكِنَّ الظَّالِمِينَ بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِ يَجْحَدُونَ  

{قد} للتحقيق {نعلم إنه} أي الشأن {ليحزنك الذي يقولون} لك من التكذيب {فإنهم لا يكذِّبونك} في السر لعلمهم أنك صادق وفي قراءة بالتخفيف أي لا ينسبونك إلى الكذب {ولكن الظالمين} وضعه موضع المضمر {يآيات الله} القرآن {يجحدون} يكذبون.
quran:6:34

And certainly were messengers denied before you, but they were patient over ˹the effects of˺ denial, and they were harmed until Our victory came to them. And none can alter the words of Allah. And there has certainly come to you some information about the ˹previous˺ messengers.  

Messengers indeed have been denied before you — herein is a consolation for the Prophet (s) — yet they endured patiently the denial and the persecution until Our victorious help came to them, through the destruction of their peoples, so be patient until the victorious help comes to you through the destruction of your people. There is none to change the words of God, His promises, and there has already come to you tidings of the messengers, ˹tidings˺ through which your heart can be at peace.
القرآن:٦:٣٤

وَلَقَدْ كُذِّبَتْ رُسُلٌ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ فَصَبَرُوا عَلَىٰ مَا كُذِّبُوا وَأُوذُوا حَتَّىٰ أَتَاهُمْ نَصْرُنَا ۚ وَلَا مُبَدِّلَ لِكَلِمَاتِ اللَّهِ ۚ وَلَقَدْ جَاءَكَ مِنْ نَبَإِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ  

{ولقد كذِّبت رسل من قبلك} فيه تسلية للنبي ﷺ {فصبروا على ما كذِّبوا وأوذوا حتى أتاهم نصرنا} بإهلاك قومهم فاصبر حتى يأتيك النصر بإهلاك قومك {ولا مبدِّل لكلمات الله} مواعيده {ولقد جاءك من نبأ المرسلين} ما يسكن به قلبك.
quran:6:35

And if their evasion is difficult for you, then if you are able to seek a tunnel into the earth or a stairway into the sky to bring them a sign, ˹then do so˺. But if Allah had willed, He would have united them upon guidance. So never be of the ignorant.  

And if their aversion, to Islam, is grievous, ˹too˺ great, for you, on account of your concern for them, then, if you can, seek out a hole, an underground passage, in the earth, or a ladder, a stairway, to heaven, that you may bring them a sign, from among those they have requested, then go ahead: the meaning is that you will not be able to do this, so be patient until God delivers His judgement — but had God willed, to guide them, He would have gathered them together in guidance, but He did not will this, and so they do not believe; so do not be among the ignorant, of this matter.
القرآن:٦:٣٥

وَإِنْ كَانَ كَبُرَ عَلَيْكَ إِعْرَاضُهُمْ فَإِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ أَنْ تَبْتَغِيَ نَفَقًا فِي الْأَرْضِ أَوْ سُلَّمًا فِي السَّمَاءِ فَتَأْتِيَهُمْ بِآيَةٍ ۚ وَلَوْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ لَجَمَعَهُمْ عَلَى الْهُدَىٰ ۚ فَلَا تَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْجَاهِلِينَ  

{وإن كان كبر} عظم {عليك إعراضهم} عن الإسلام لحرصك عليهم {فإن استطعت أن تبتغى نفقا} سربا {في الأرض أو سلَّما} مصعدا {في السماء فتأتيهم بآية} مما اقترحوا فافعل، المعنى أنك لا تستطيع ذلك فاصبر حتى يحكم الله، {ولو شاء الله} هدايتهم {لجمعهم على الهدى} ولكن لو لم يشأ ذلك فلم يؤمنوا {فلا تكوننَّ من الجاهلين} بذلك.
quran:6:36

Only those who hear will respond. But the dead - Allah will resurrect them; then to Him they will be returned.  

Only those who hear, in such a way so as to understand and take heed, will answer, your call to faith; as for the dead, that is, the disbelievers — they are likened to them on account of their inability to hear — God will resurrect them, in the Hereafter, and then to Him they will be returned, and He will requite them for their deeds.
القرآن:٦:٣٦

إِنَّمَا يَسْتَجِيبُ الَّذِينَ يَسْمَعُونَ ۘ وَالْمَوْتَىٰ يَبْعَثُهُمُ اللَّهُ ثُمَّ إِلَيْهِ يُرْجَعُونَ  

{إنَّما يستجيب} دعاءك إلى الإيمان {الذين يسمعون} سمع تفهُّم واعتبار {و الموتى} أي الكفار شبههم بهم في عدم السماع {يبعثهم الله} في الآخرة {ثم إليه يرجعون} يُردون فيجازيهم بأعمالهم.
quran:6:37

And they say, "Why has a sign not been sent down to him from his Lord?" Say, "Indeed, Allah is Able to send down a sign, but most of them do not know."  

And they, the disbelievers of Mecca, say, ‘Why has a sign not been sent down to him from his Lord?’, ˹a sign˺ such as the she-camel ˹of the prophet Sālih˺ or the staff ˹of Moses˺ or the Table ˹of Jesus˺. Say, to them: ‘Surely God has the power to send down (read yunazzil or yunzil) a sign, from among those they have requested, but most of them do not know’, that its sending down would be a trial for them, for if they then ˹still˺ denied it, they would necessarily be destroyed.
القرآن:٦:٣٧

وَقَالُوا لَوْلَا نُزِّلَ عَلَيْهِ آيَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّهِ ۚ قُلْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَادِرٌ عَلَىٰ أَنْ يُنَزِّلَ آيَةً وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ  

{وقالوا} أي كفار مكة {لولا} هلا {نزَّل عليه آية من ربه} كالناقة والعصا والمائدة {قل} لهم {إن الله قادر على أن ينزِّل} بالتشديد والتخفيف {آية} مما اقترحوا {ولكن أكثرهم لا يعلمون} أن نزولها بلاء عليهم لوجوب هلاكهم إن جحدوها.
quran:6:38

And there is no creature on ˹or within˺ the earth or bird that flies with its wings except ˹that they are˺ communities like you. We have not neglected in the Register a thing. Then unto their Lord they will be gathered.  

There is no (mā min: min is extra) animal, that crawls, on the earth and no bird that flies, through the air, with its wings, but they are communities like to you, in the way that its creation has been ordained, together with its sustenance and affairs. We have neglected nothing (min shay’: min is extra) in the Book, in the Preserved Tablet (al-lawh al-mahfūz), ˹nothing˺ that We have not written; then to their Lord they shall be gathered, and judgement shall be passed upon them, and the hornless sheep shall retaliate against the horned ram, and then it will be said to them ˹the animals˺, ‘Be dust’.
القرآن:٦:٣٨

وَمَا مِنْ دَابَّةٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَلَا طَائِرٍ يَطِيرُ بِجَنَاحَيْهِ إِلَّا أُمَمٌ أَمْثَالُكُمْ ۚ مَا فَرَّطْنَا فِي الْكِتَابِ مِنْ شَيْءٍ ۚ ثُمَّ إِلَىٰ رَبِّهِمْ يُحْشَرُونَ  

{وما من} زائدة {دابة} تمشي {في الأرض ولا طائر يطير} في الهواء {بجناحيه إلا أمم أمثالكم} في تدبير خلقها ورزقها وأحوالها {ما فرطنا} تركنا {في الكتاب} اللوح المحفوظ {من} زائدة {شىء} فلم نكتبه {ثم إلى ربهم يحشرون} بينهم ويقتص للجماء من القرناه ثم يقول لهم كونوا ترابا.
quran:6:39

But those who deny Our verses are deaf and dumb within darknesses. Whomever Allah wills - He leaves astray; and whomever He wills - He puts him on a straight path.  

And those who deny Our signs, the Qur’ān, are deaf, to hearing them in such a way so as to accept ˹them˺, and dumb, ˹unable˺ to utter truth, in darkness, in unbelief. He whom God wills, to send astray, He sends astray, and whom He wills, to guide, He sets him on a straight path, ˹a straight˺ road, the religion of Islam.
القرآن:٦:٣٩

وَالَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِنَا صُمٌّ وَبُكْمٌ فِي الظُّلُمَاتِ ۗ مَنْ يَشَإِ اللَّهُ يُضْلِلْهُ وَمَنْ يَشَأْ يَجْعَلْهُ عَلَىٰ صِرَاطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ  

{والذين كذبوا بآياتنا} القرآن {صم} عن سماعه سماع قبول {وبكم} عن النطق بالحق {في الظلمات} الكفر {من يشأ الله} إضلاله {يضلله ومن يشأ} هدايته {يجعله على صراط} طريق {مستقيم} دين الإسلام.
quran:6:40

Say, "Have you considered: if there came to you the punishment of Allah or there came to you the Hour - is it other than Allah you would invoke, if you should be truthful?"  

Say, O Muhammad (s), to the Meccans: ‘Do you see yourselves, ˹that is˺ inform me, if God’s chastisement comes upon you, in this world, or the Hour, the Resurrection, which includes this ˹chastisement˺, comes upon you, suddenly, will ye call upon any other than God? No! If you speak truly!’, that the idols can benefit you, then call upon them.
القرآن:٦:٤٠

قُلْ أَرَأَيْتَكُمْ إِنْ أَتَاكُمْ عَذَابُ اللَّهِ أَوْ أَتَتْكُمُ السَّاعَةُ أَغَيْرَ اللَّهِ تَدْعُونَ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِينَ  

{قل} يا محمد لأهل مكة {أرأيتكم} أخبروني {أن أتاكم عذاب الله} في الدنيا {أو أتتكم الساعة} القيامة المشتملة عليه بغتة {أغير الله تدعون} لا {إن كنتم صادقين} في أن الأصنام تنفعكم فادعوها.
quran:6:41

No, it is Him ˹alone˺ you would invoke, and He would remove that for which you invoked Him if He willed, and you would forget what you associate ˹with Him˺.  

Nay; upon Him, and upon none other, you will call, in ˹times of˺ tribulation, and He will remove that which you call upon Him, to remove from you, such things as suffering, if He wills, to remove it, and you will forget, you will neglect, what you associate with Him, of idols and will not call them.
القرآن:٦:٤١

بَلْ إِيَّاهُ تَدْعُونَ فَيَكْشِفُ مَا تَدْعُونَ إِلَيْهِ إِنْ شَاءَ وَتَنْسَوْنَ مَا تُشْرِكُونَ  

{بل إياه} لا غيره {تدعون} في الشدائد {فيكشف ما تدعون إليه} أن يكشفه عنكم من الضر ونحوه {إن شاء} كشفه {وتنسَوْن} تتركون {ما تشركون} معه من الأصنام فلا تدعونه.
quran:6:42

And We have already sent ˹messengers˺ to nations before you, ˹O Muhammad˺; then We seized them with poverty and hardship that perhaps they might humble themselves ˹to Us˺.  

Indeed We sent to communities before you (min qablika: min is extra), messengers, but they denied them, and We seized them with misery, abject poverty, and hardship, illness, so that they might be humble, abased, that they might believe.
القرآن:٦:٤٢

وَلَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا إِلَىٰ أُمَمٍ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ فَأَخَذْنَاهُمْ بِالْبَأْسَاءِ وَالضَّرَّاءِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَضَرَّعُونَ  

{ولقد أرسلنا إلى أمم من} زائدة {قبلك} رسلا فكذبوهم {فأخذناهم بالبأساء} شدة الفقر {والضراء} المرض {لعلهم يتضرعون} يتذللون فيؤمنون.
quran:6:43

Then why, when Our punishment came to them, did they not humble themselves? But their hearts became hardened, and Satan made attractive to them that which they were doing.  

If only, when Our might, Our punishment, came upon them, they had been humble, in other words, they were not so, even though the necessitating factor was there. But their hearts were hard, and would not yield to faith, and Satan adorned for them what they were doing, in the way of disobedient acts, and so they persisted in them.
القرآن:٦:٤٣

فَلَوْلَا إِذْ جَاءَهُمْ بَأْسُنَا تَضَرَّعُوا وَلَٰكِنْ قَسَتْ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَزَيَّنَ لَهُمُ الشَّيْطَانُ مَا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ  

{فلولا} فهلا {إذ جاءهم بأسنا} عذابنا {تضرَّعوا} أي لم يفعلوا ذلك مع قيام المقتضي له {ولكن قست قلوبهم} فلم تلن للإيمان {وزيَّن لهم الشيطان ما كانوا يعملون} من المعاصي فأصرُّوا عليها.
quran:6:44

So when they forgot that by which they had been reminded, We opened to them the doors of every ˹good˺ thing until, when they rejoiced in that which they were given, We seized them suddenly, and they were ˹then˺ in despair.  

So, when they forgot, ˹when˺ they neglected, that whereof they were reminded, that with which they were admonished and threatened, in the way of misery and hardship; and they did not heed the admonition, We opened (read fatahnā or fattahnā) to them the gates of all things, in the way of graces, in order to draw them on by degrees, until, when they rejoiced in what they were given, a wanton rejoicing, We seized them suddenly, with chastisement, and lo! they were confounded, despairing of anything good.
القرآن:٦:٤٤

فَلَمَّا نَسُوا مَا ذُكِّرُوا بِهِ فَتَحْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ أَبْوَابَ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ حَتَّىٰ إِذَا فَرِحُوا بِمَا أُوتُوا أَخَذْنَاهُمْ بَغْتَةً فَإِذَا هُمْ مُبْلِسُونَ  

{فلما نسوا} تركوا {ما ذكروا} وُعظوا وخوفوا {به} من البأساء والضراء فلم يتعظوا {فتحنا} بالتخفيف والتشديد {عليهم أبواب كلِّ شيء} من النعم استدراجا لهم {حتى إذا فرحوا بما أوتوا} فرح بطر {أخذناهم} بالعذاب {بغتة} فجأة {فإذا هم مبلسون} آيسون من كل خير.
quran:6:45

So the people that committed wrong were eliminated. And praise to Allah, Lord of the worlds.  

So the last remnant of the people who did evil was cut off, by having them annihilated. Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds, for giving victory to the messengers and destroying the disbelievers.
القرآن:٦:٤٥

فَقُطِعَ دَابِرُ الْقَوْمِ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا ۚ وَالْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ  

{فقطع دابر القوم الذين ظلموا} أي آخرهم بأن استؤصلوا {والحمد لله رب العالمين} على نصر الرسل وإهلاك الكافرين.
quran:6:46

Say, "Have you considered: if Allah should take away your hearing and your sight and set a seal upon your hearts, which deity other than Allah could bring them ˹back˺ to you?" Look how we diversify the verses; then they ˹still˺ turn away.  

Say, to the people of Mecca: ‘Have you considered, inform me, if God were to seize your hearing, ˹if˺ He were to make you deaf, and your sight, ˹if˺ He were to make you blind, and set, stamp, a seal upon your hearts, so that you no longer knew anything, who is the god other than God to give it back to you?’, that which He took away from you, as you ˹are wont to˺ claim? See how We dispense, ˹how˺ We make clear, the signs, the proofs of Our Oneness! Yet thereafter they are turning away, they reject them and do not believe.
القرآن:٦:٤٦

قُلْ أَرَأَيْتُمْ إِنْ أَخَذَ اللَّهُ سَمْعَكُمْ وَأَبْصَارَكُمْ وَخَتَمَ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِكُمْ مَنْ إِلَٰهٌ غَيْرُ اللَّهِ يَأْتِيكُمْ بِهِ ۗ انْظُرْ كَيْفَ نُصَرِّفُ الْآيَاتِ ثُمَّ هُمْ يَصْدِفُونَ  

{قل} لأهل مكة {أرأيتم} أخبروني {إن أخذ الله سمعكم} أصمَّكم {وأبصاركم} أعماكم {وختم} طبع {على قلوبكم} فلا تعرفون شيئا {من إله غير الله يأتيكم به} بما أخذه منكم بزعمكم {أنظر كيف نصرف} نبين {الآيات} الدلالات على وحدانيتنا {ثم هم يصدفون} يعرِضون عنها فلا يؤمنون.
quran:6:47

Say, "Have you considered: if the punishment of Allah should come to you unexpectedly or manifestly, will any be destroyed but the wrongdoing people?"  

Say, to them: ‘Have you considered for yourselves, if God’s chastisement were to come upon you, suddenly or openly?, at night or during the day; Would any be destroyed, except the evildoing, the unbelieving, folk?’ That is to say, none but these will be destroyed.
القرآن:٦:٤٧

قُلْ أَرَأَيْتَكُمْ إِنْ أَتَاكُمْ عَذَابُ اللَّهِ بَغْتَةً أَوْ جَهْرَةً هَلْ يُهْلَكُ إِلَّا الْقَوْمُ الظَّالِمُونَ  

{قل} لهم {أرأيتكم إن أتاكم عذاب الله بغتة أو جهرة} ليلا أو نهارا {هل يُهلك إلا القوم الظالمون} الكافرون أي ما يهلك إلا هم.
quran:6:48

And We send not the messengers except as bringers of good tidings and warners. So whoever believes and reforms - there will be no fear concerning them, nor will they grieve.  

We do not send messengers, except as bearers of good tidings, to those who believe, ˹good tidings˺ of Paradise, and as warners, to those who disbelieve, ˹warning˺ of the Fire. Whoever believes, in them, and makes amends, in his deeds, no fear shall befall them, neither shall they grieve, in the Hereafter.
القرآن:٦:٤٨

وَمَا نُرْسِلُ الْمُرْسَلِينَ إِلَّا مُبَشِّرِينَ وَمُنْذِرِينَ ۖ فَمَنْ آمَنَ وَأَصْلَحَ فَلَا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ  

{وما نرسل المرسلين إلا مبشِّرين} من آمن بالجنة {ومنذرين} من كفر بالنار {فمن آمن} بهم {وأصلح} عمله {فلا خوف عليهم ولا هم يحزنون} في الآخرة.
quran:6:49

But those who deny Our verses - the punishment will touch them for their defiant disobedience.  

But those who deny Our signs, the chastisement shall afflict them because they were wicked, rebelling against obedience.
القرآن:٦:٤٩

وَالَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِنَا يَمَسُّهُمُ الْعَذَابُ بِمَا كَانُوا يَفْسُقُونَ  

{والذين كذبوا بآياتنا يمسهم العذاب بما كانوا يفسقون} يخرجون عن الطاعة.
quran:6:50

Say, ˹O Muhammad˺, "I do not tell you that I have the depositories ˹containing the provision˺ of Allah or that I know the unseen, nor do I tell you that I am an angel. I only follow what is revealed to me." Say, "Is the blind equivalent to the seeing? Then will you not give thought?"  

Say, to them: ‘I do not say to you, “I possess the treasure houses of God”, from which He provides sustenance; and I do not have knowledge of the Unseen, that which is hidden from me and has not been revealed to me. And I do not say to you, “I am an angel”, from among the angels; I only follow what is revealed to me.’ Say: ‘Is the blind man, the disbeliever, equal to the seeing man, the believer? No! Will you not then reflect’ upon this and believe?
القرآن:٦:٥٠

قُلْ لَا أَقُولُ لَكُمْ عِنْدِي خَزَائِنُ اللَّهِ وَلَا أَعْلَمُ الْغَيْبَ وَلَا أَقُولُ لَكُمْ إِنِّي مَلَكٌ ۖ إِنْ أَتَّبِعُ إِلَّا مَا يُوحَىٰ إِلَيَّ ۚ قُلْ هَلْ يَسْتَوِي الْأَعْمَىٰ وَالْبَصِيرُ ۚ أَفَلَا تَتَفَكَّرُونَ  

{قل} لهم {لا أقول لكم عندي خزائن الله} التي منها يرزق {ولا} إني {أعلم الغيب} ما غاب عني ولم يوح إلي {ولا أقول لكم إني ملك} من الملائكة {إن} ما {أتبع إلا ما يوحى إليَّ قل هل يستوي الأعمى} الكافر {والبصير} المؤمن؟ لا {أفلا تتفكرون} في ذلك فتؤمنون.